chapter 1 questions
The carpal region is _______ to the antecubital region.
distal
The __________ system is responsible for the breakdown and absorption of nutrients.
digestive
The serious membrane associated with the lungs is called the _________ membrane.
pleura
The ________ is formed by the vertebral column and contains the spinal cord.
vertebral canal,vertebral cavity
The serous membranes found on the surface of the lungs are called
visceral pleura
The spleen is located in the left hypochondriac region but not left upper quadrant. T/F
False
The use of metric units to measure the weight of an organ in the human body is usually given in pounds or ounces. T/F
False
The simplest level of structural organization is the _____________ level.
chemical
In a radiograph, dense images appear white while hollow structures appear gray. T/F
False
The determination of the dimensions of an organ, its weight, and the length of time it takes for a physiological event to occur is
measurement
________ in science are presented in metric units because these are universal standards.
measurement
The heart is to the lungs.
medial
The techniques and processes used to create images of the human body are collectively known as
medical imaging
Protective layers that surround the brain and spinal cord are called the
meninges
The sum of all the chemical reactions that occur with an organism is called
metabolism
Which of the following basic life processes is/are represented by one cell dividing into two cells?
metabolism & reproduction
Because the ________ system is based on units of ten, it's the standard measurement system used in science.
metric
Measurements in science are presented in ________ units because these are universal standards.
metric
If the spinal cord, a medially-located organ on the posterior part of the body, is observed on an anatomy model in the lab, then the model is showing a plane through the body known as a
midsagittal plane
An unspecialized precursor cell in red bone marrow that gives rise to the formation of red blood cells is known as a/an
stem cell
The _____ system stores minerals and lipids
skeletal
The integumentary system refers to
skin and associated glands.
The use of high-frequency sound waves in ultrasound scanning produces an image known as a
sonogram
Regional anatomy involves the study of
specific body areas
Touching specific parts of the body to understand what is happening inside would be in which branch of anatomy?
surface anatomy
Understanding the internal anatomy of the body through visualization and palpations of surface markings is called
surface anatomy
Surface anatomy involves the study of
surface markings of the body
The study of the structure of all the organs in the digestive system would be in which branch of anatomy?
systemic anatomy
When a disease affects several parts of the body it's known as a
systemic disease
Caudal refers to the
tail
The appendix and cecum are found in the same quadrant. T/F
true
The study of body functions is called
physiology
In a barium contrast X-ray, the _______ can be visualized.
colon
X-Rays, MRI, etc. are examples of tools used for
imaging anatomy
Where is the leg relative to the thigh?
inferior
The stomach, spleen and pancreas would be found in which abdominopelvic quadrant?
left upper quadrant
The anatomical term for "loin" is
lumbar
The pleural cavities surround the
lungs
What medical imaging techniques use radio waves?
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Which imaging technique would be the most dangerous for a patient with bridge-work in his mouth, metal screws in his hip, or a pacemaker?
magnetic resonance imaging MRI
The system produces body movements and generates heat.
muscular
Which of these imaging techniques is the safest?
ultrasound
The anatomical term for "naval" is __________
umbilical
The kidneys, ureters, and urethra are a part of the ______ system.
urinary
______ is a normal process in which the body's ability to restore homeostasis progressively decreases.
Aging
A moderately full urinary bladder holds approximately 500 ml of urine. How many gallons does this represent?
0.13
The metric system is used in science for measurements and is based on units of _________
10
When reviewing a patient's medical charts, a nurse made note that the patient was reported to weigh 120 kg six months ago and now weighs 200 pounds. How many kg did this person lose in 6 months?
29.3
Morgan weighed 175 pounds on the scale at the clinic during a routine physical. How many grams does Morgan weigh?
79,380
In order to determine the appropriate dosage of a medication, a nurse needs to know how many kilograms (kg) a 200 pound male patient weighs. What is the weight of that patient in kg?
90.7 kg
Carol took her mom to see her healthcare provider because she had recently fallen and broken two bones in her arm. The provider explained to both Carol and her mom that as aging occurs, we are more susceptible to falling and breaking bones because A bone mass declines with aging. B muscle mass increases which makes bones break easily as we age. C increases in some hormone levels occur as we age. D joints grow together to restrict movement as we age.
A
In the study of the human body, precise measurements are important because A all of the choices are correct. B they help explain how the body works. C they indicate instances of disease or pathology. D they allow for relative comparisons of body tissues and organs.
A
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to A produce high contrast images of soft tissue B produce images of hard bony structures C observe metabolic processes in the body D provide three dimensional images of body structures
A
The abdominopelvic cavity can be divided into nine different regions by A two horizontal lines and two vertical lines. B two vertical lines and the two midclavicular lines. C two horizontal lines and the transtubercular and subcostal lines. D two midclavicular lines and the transtubercular lines.
A
The transtubercular line separates which quadrants? A umbilical and pubic B left and righthypochondriac C epigastric and lumbar D umbilical and epigastric
A
Which of the following is an example of anabolism? A The buildup of complex molecules from smaller ones. B The breakdown of proteins into amino acids. C The breakdown of complex molecules into smaller ones. D The division of zygote into many different cells .
A
Which of the following is the microscopic study of tissues and their relationships? A histology B surface anatomy C gross anatomy D cell biology
A
Which of the following membranes covers the surface of organs within body cavities? A visceral B pericardial C parietal D pleural
A
Which units of measurement describe length? Select all that apply. A km B cm C ml D s
A & B
Gonads are components of which organ systems? Select all that apply. A endocrine B urinary C reproductive D nervous
A & C
Subjective changes in body function that are not apparent to an observer include (select all that apply) A headache B fever C joint pain D lesion
A & C
Which of the following organs are organs of the endocrine system? Select all that apply. A testis B salivary glands C pancreas D gallbladder
A & C
Identify all of the regions inferior to the lumbar region (right and left). Select all that apply. A inguinal regions B hypochondriac regions C umbilical region D pubic regions
A & D
Atoms, molecules and compounds form what level of body organization?
chemical
As we age, there are several normal changes in structure and function of the body that typically occur. Which of the following usually decrease? Select all that apply. A efficiency of digestive system B kidney function C prostate size D risk for cancer
A&B
Which units of measurement describe length? Select all that apply. A cm B km C ml D s
A&B
Rick arrived at the emergency room with a set of signs and symptoms associated with a septic infection. Which of the following would be symptoms of this infection? Select all that apply. A dizziness B fever above 101 degrees C severe muscle pain D elevated heart rate (exceeding 90 beats per minute)
A&C
Which of the following involve measurement units relevant to medical sciences? Select all that apply. A seconds B inches C grams D pounds
A&C
Kim was diagnosed with a disease based on physiological signs. Which of the following are physiological signs that may be used to diagnose disease? Select all that apply. A reduced breathing rate B an ulcer in her esophagus C the presence of a tumor in her lungs D increased heart rate
A&D
Which of the following basic life processes is/are represented by an increase in body height? Select all that apply. A growth B responsiveness C movement D metabolism E differentiation F reproduction
A&D
Which of the following can be considered signs of a disease? Select all that apply. A fever B headache C anxiety D rash
A&D
Which of the following is part of the female reproductive system? Select all that apply. A uterine tube B ureter C urinary bladder D ovary
A&D
The skeletal system functions to (select all that apply) A aid in movement B produce blood cells C protect the body D regulates body temperature You selected A : aid in movement got it correct You selected B : produce blood cells got it correct You selected C : protect the body got it correct
A,B,C
Which of the following can be signs to a healthcare provider? Select all that apply. A heart rate B blood pressure C respiratory rate D fatigue
A,B,C
Anatomy deals with (select all that apply) A tissue relationships B body parts C structure D form
A,B,C,D
Which of the following are examples of how the body works? Select all that apply. A functional changes associated with disease and aging B changes in cell and organ function C the body's immune response to disease-causing agents D surface markings of the body E specific regions of the body F how hormones regulate body function G microscopic structure of tissues
A,B,C,F
A salivary gland is an organ associated with the mouth that is composed of (select all that apply) A cells B tissues C organ systems D atoms
A,B,D
Identify all of the measurement units used to describe mass. Select all that apply. A drams B grams C liters D ton
A,B,D
Identify all of the regions that are distal to the coxal region. Select all that apply. A tarsal B patellar C brachial D pedal
A,B,D
Which of the following is found in the pelvic cavity? Select all that apply. A reproductive organs B urinary bladder C small intestine D parts of the large intestine
A,B,D
Which of the following are examples of endoscopy? Select all that apply. A laparoscopy B colonoscopy C angiography D ultrasound screening E arthroscopy
A,B,E
As we age, there are several normal changes in structure and function of the body that typically occur. Which of the following usually increase? Select all that apply. A susceptibility to infection B efficient functioning of the digestive system C incidence of heart disease D susceptibility to cancer
A,C,D
Ed went to his urologist because of the frequent urge to urinate recently. The urologist confirmed that Ed was also experiencing a weak urinary stream. After an assessment, Ed was reassured that his symptoms are typical of older males and there was nothing to worry about. Ed was probably experiencing symptoms associated with A a less efficient digestive system. B an enlarged prostate. C heart disease. D an increased hormone level.
B
Observation or inspection can be used to study A the abnormal presence of fluid in the lungs. B the mouth cavity for evidence of infection. C the lungs for congestion or crackling sounds. D the neck for enlarged lymph nodes.
B
Skeletal muscle fibers (cells) attach to the skeleton and are responsible for moving the skeleton. Muscles of body builders grow in size not because the existing cells increase in number or in the amount of material surrounding them, but because A less protein is produced in the cells B the size of existing cells grow in size C the cells are replaced by more efficient cell types D more nerve impulses stimulate the cells so that they remain in a relatively constant state of contraction
B
Which of the following is NOT found in the epigastric abdominopelvic region? A transverse colon B spleen C gallbladder D stomach
B
Which of the following is NOT part of the respiratory system? A pharynx B adrenal gland C larynx D bronchus
B
Which of the following is an example of the study of gross anatomy? A study of a specific region of the body like the arm or leg B All of the choices are correct. C using an x-ray to determine the presence of a broken bone D study of the skeletal system E study of any structure that does not require a microscope
B
Which of the following is found in the vertebral cavity? A lungs B spinal cord C brain D urinary bladder
B
Which of the following is part of the reproductive system? A ureter B uterine tube C pancreas D thoracic duct
B
Which unit of measure is standard for science? A inch B cm C feet D pounds
B
he median line is drawn through the A lateral margins of the ribs. B umbilicus. C nipples. D clavicle.
B
What life process is involved when white blood cells move from the blood stream into infected tissues? A differentiation B responsiveness C growth D movement E metabolism
B & D
Which of the following are the most common uses of ultrasound? Select all that apply. A to visualize brain activity B to observe blood flow through blood vessels C to visualize the fetus during pregnancy D to visualize broken bones E to visualize metabolic processes in the body
B&C
Which of the following represent the basic life process of reproduction? Select all that apply. A movement of body parts B the production of a new individual C formation of new cells for tissue growth, repair, or replacement D increase in body size E development of a cell from unspecialized to specialized
B&C
Hillary arrived at the emergency room with a set of signs and symptoms associated with a septic infection. Which of the following would be signs of this infection? Select all that apply. A dizziness B elevated heart rate (exceeding 90 beats per minute) C severe muscle pain D fever above 101 degrees
B&D
Terry was diagnosed with a disease based on anatomical signs. Which of the following are anatomical signs that may be used to diagnose disease? Select all that apply. A reduced breathing rate B an ulcer in her esophagus C increased heart rate D the presence of a tumor in her lungs
B&D
Which of the following organs are components of two or more organ systems? Select all that apply. A sweat glands B testis C larynx D pancreas
B&D
Identify all of the normal changes that typically occur in the body with aging. Select all that apply. A increased hormone production B decrease in bone mass C diminished reflexes D decrease in muscle mass
B, C, D
The regions of the abdomen that are within the right upper and right lower quadrants include (select all that apply) A right pubic B right inguinal C right lumbar D right hypochondriac
B,C,D
Which of the following diagnostic techniques is noninvasive? Select all that apply. A endoscopy B percussion C auscultation D palpation
B,C,D
Which of the following apply to magnetic resonance imaging? Select all that apply. A best for showing fine details of bones B relatively safe C cannot be used on patients who have metal in their bodies D uses high-frequency sound waves E best for showing fine details of soft tissues
B,C,E
Which of the following are branches of anatomy? Select all that apply. A immunology B developmental biology C histology D endocrinology E embryology
B,C,E
Which of the following are examples of anatomical studies? Select all that apply. A functional changes associated with disease and aging B microscopic structure of tissues C surface markings of the body D the body's immune response to disease-causing agents E how hormones regulate body function F changes in cell and organ function G specific regions of the body
B,C,G
: Which of the following basic life processes is/are represented by the digestion of a meal? Select all that apply. A movement B growth C metabolism D responsiveness E differentiation F reproduction
C
A patient in the ER describes pain in his left hypochondriac region. Which organ listed below is most likely the source of the pain? A urinary bladder B gall bladder C spleen D appendix
C
Ascultation can be used to study A the abnormal presence of fluid in the lungs. B the neck for enlarged lymph nodes. C the lungs for congestion or crackling sounds. D the mouth cavity for evidence of infection.
C
Observation or inspection can be used to study A the lungs for congestion or crackling sounds. B the neck for enlarged lymph nodes. C the mouth cavity for evidence of infection. D the abnormal presence of fluid in the lungs.
C
Which anatomical structure/area is superior to the nose? A sacral B mental C frontal D sternal
C
Which is a typical sign of aging? A increased hormone production B increased lung capacity C decreased reflexes D depression
C
Which of the following are examples of endoscopy? A arthroscopy B colonscopy C all of the choices are correct D laparoscopy
C
Which of the following imaging techniques provides the best contrast of bone tissue? A MRI B CCTA C X-ray D CT
C
Which of the following is found in the left lumbar region? A gallbladder B spleen C descending colon D transverse colon You selected C : descending colon got it correct
C
Which of the following statements about magnetic resonance imaging is INCORRECT? A It is used to detect tumors. B It is relatively safe but can't be used on patient's with metal in their bodies. C It shows fine detail of soft tissues and bones. D The body is exposed to a high-energy magnetic field.
C
Which of the following statements about ultrasound scanning is INCORRECT? A Relies upon high-frequency sound waves and a sensor. B Most commonly used to visualize the fetus. C The technique is painless but is rather invasive. D The image is called a sonogram.
C
Which of the following basic life processes is/are represented by walking or running? Select all that apply. A growth B reproduction C movement D responsiveness E differentiation F metabolism
C & F
Students in an anatomy course were asked to review lab results from four unknown individuals of various adult ages with similar health histories (no known exposures to unhealthy air conditions) and similar body sizes. Based on the lung capacities of each shown below, which is most likely from the oldest individual? A 4,200 mL B 5,000 mL C 3,900 mL D 5,500 mL
C (smaller)
A new student in the medical field is anxious to begin her first clinical rotation in the geriatrics unit. Her first patient has a few concerns that need to be addressed so several labs are ordered so that the results can be compared with previous lab work. Which result below is not typically characteristic of the normal aging process? A smaller lung capacity than 6 years prior B less strength than 5 year prior C more frequent bacterial infections than 8 years prior D more dense bones than 2 years prior
D
If a parasagittal section is made on a cadaver, which structure would not be visible? A gallbladder B rib C lung D sternum
D
The organelle in most cells that produces a significant quantity of energy (ATP) is the mitochondrion. This organelle has two membranes, the inner of which is highly folded to produce much surface area. This highly folded membrane is most likely A present due to random chance with no functional significance B an artifact of evolution that modern humans no longer need C contributing to the death of the mitochondrion D functioning to perform a specific task for the mitochondrion
D
Which of the following are found in the pelvic cavity? A liver B pancreas C small intestine D urinary bladder
D
Which of the following is found in the left hypochondriac region? Select all that apply. A gallbladder B transverse colon C stomach D spleen
D
Which of the following is found in the right lumbar region? A spleen B gallbladder C transverse colon D ascending colon
D
Which of the following is part of the endocrine system? A thoracic duct B lymph node C nerve D adrenal gland
D
Which of the following is part of the urinary system? A liver B pancreas C spleen D kidney
D
Which of the following statements about a CT scan is INCORRECT? A Visualizes soft tissues and organs. B This technique is used to detect coronary artery blockages. C Relies upon numerous X-ray beams that trace an arc around a section of the body. D Can only be visualized in 2-D.
D
The abdominopelvic cavity can be divided into four quadrants by the two midclavicular lines and the subcostal and transtubercular lines. T/F
False
The abdominopelvic region can be divided into nine regions by the median line and the transumbilical line. T/F
False
The gallbladder and the ascending colon are both found in the right lumbar region. T/F
False
Medical _________ refers to the techniques and processes used to create images of the human body.
Imaging
Organs located between the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall are said to be
Retroperitoneal
All body systems experience changes in structure and function as we age. T/F
TRUE
A diagnostic technique in which the examiner listens to body sounds to assess the function of an organ is called
auscultation
Precursor cells that have the ability to divide and form specialized cells are known as "stem" cells. T/F
True
The urinary bladder is located in both the right and left lower quadrants. T/F
True
The use of metric units to measure the size of an organ in the human body is usually given in millimeters or centimeters. T/F
True
Superior to the right lower quadrant is the right _______ quadrant.
Upper
The stomach, spleen, and liver are located in the ______ cavity.
abdominal
The building of new proteins from amino acids is an example of
anabolism
The study of body structures is called
anatomy
The study of structure and the relationships among those structures is
anatomy
The trachea is ____ to the esophagus
anterior
A postmortem (after death) examination of the body and dissection of internal organs to determine case of death is called a(n)
autopsy
In an X-ray, hollow structures appear as shades of
black
In an angiogram, contrast medium is used to visualize
blood vessels
______ are spaces within the body that help to protect and support internal organs.
body cavities
The heart and blood vessels are components of the _________ system.
cardiovascular
The process of digestion where large particles are broken down into smaller particles is an example of
catabolism
The study of cellular structure and function is called
cell biology
What structures form the basic structural and functional units of the body?
cells
The anatomical term for the head is
cephalic
Medical imaging that involves an x-ray beam tracing an arc at multiple angles around a body section is
computed tomography
The brain is found in the _______ cavity.
cranial
The brain is found in which of the following cavities?
cranial
the anatomical term for "skull" is
cranial
A ________ is the science of distinguishing one disorder from another.
diagnosis
A __________ is the science of distinguishing one disorder from another.
diagnosis
What separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity?
diaphragm
The changes that occur from the fertilized egg into the adult form is an example of
differentiation
The cutting apart of body structures to study their relationships is called
dissection
___________ is the science that deals with how diseases are transmitted from one individual to another in a community.
epidemiology
The science that deals with why, when, and where diseases occur in a community is called
epidemiology.
The majority of the liver would be found in which abdominopelvic region?
epigastric region
Aging produced observable changes in structure and ______ of the body.
function
Bones increasing in length and width is an example of a basic life process called
growth
What life process involves a change in body size?
growth
The anatomical term for the "great toe"
hallux
As aging takes place, a progressive decline in the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable condition occurs. This maintenance of a stable condition is known as
homeostasis
The ________ system produces Vitamin D.
integumentary
The _________ system helps to protect the body and regulate body temperature.
integumentary
Which units of measurement describe mass?
kg and mg
Identify all of the measurement units used to describe length
kilometers, inches, centimeters
A white blood cell leaving the blood and going to a site of infection or damage is an example of __________ in the body.
movement
Which system contains the special sense organs such as the eyes and ears?
nervous system
Positron emission tomography (PET) is used to
observe metabolic processes in the body
The anatomical term for "mouth" is
oral
A(n) _______ is composed of two or more different kinds of tissues.
organ
f the body or body part is divided into unequal right and left sides, it is called a(n) __________ plane.
parasagittal
The portion of the serous membrane that lines the walls of body cavities is called the _________ layer.
parietal
The study of the structural changes associated with disease is called
pathological anatomy
The science that deals with distinguishing one disease from another is called
pathology.
The serous membrane associated with the heart is called the ___________ membrane.
pericardial
The serous membrane found in the abdominal cavity is called the
peritoneum
The science that deals with the uses and effects of drugs in the treatment of disease is called
pharamacology
Which of these medical imaging techniques would most likely detect a small but fast growing tumor?
positron emission tomography (PET)
Radiography is used to
produce images of hard bony structures
The "grandparent" of all medical imaging that's been used since the 1940s is
radiography
The oldest medical imaging technique is
radiography
Which medical imaging procedure includes mammography and bone densitometry?
radiography
Medical imaging that involves a radioactive substance in the blood stream is
radionuclide scanning
the study of the head, neck or trunk would be in which branch of anatomy?
regional anatomy
The formation of new cells or a new individual is called
reproduction
What life process involves the formation of a new individual through fertilization of an ovum by a sperm cell?
reproduction
The system produces sperm and oocytes.
reproductive
The __________ system exchanges gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the blood and air.
respiratory
Which system contains the pharynx, larynx, and trachea?
respiratory system
The ability of the body to sense changes in the environment and respond is called
responsiveness
The heart and lungs are found in the _______ cavity.
thoracic
The pericardial cavity, pleural cavity, and mediastinum are found in the _____________ cavity.
thoracic
The pleural cavity is found in what cavity?
thoracic
A group of cells that work together to carry out a particular function is called a/an
tissue
Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous are terms used to describe
tissues
Medical imaging that involves high-frequency sound waves produced by hand-held wands reflecting off body tissues that are detected by the same instrument is
ultrasound
The majority of the small intestine would be found in which abdominopelvic region?
umbilical region
The spinal cord is found in which cavity?
vertebral
Organs inside the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are called
viscera
The portion of the serous membrane that covers organs in body cavities is called the ________ layer.
viscera