Chapter 1 SB

Identify examples of the "responsiveness" characteristic of humans. Multiple select question. After a meal, high blood glucose levels cause the pancreas to secrete insulin. An infant grows into a child. When environmental temperatures rise, sweat glands start secreting sweat. Nutrients and wastes circulate through the body.

After a meal, high blood glucose levels cause the pancreas to secrete insulin. When environmental temperatures rise, sweat glands start secreting sweat.

Rearrange the list of structural hierarchy in the body in order of complexity, so that the least complex level is first and the most complex is last.

Atom, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

The heart and blood vessels are organs of which body system?

Cardiovascular

Sodium ions Epidermis of the skin Heart and blood vessels Human

Chemical Tissue Organ system Organism

What portion of a feedback mechanism carries out a response to change a body variable?

Effector

Which organ system is a regulatory system that consists of organs that secrete hormones?

Endocrine system

What can cause problems with the use of other species to study human structure and function? Select all that apply

Important ethical concerns Differences between species

The illustration shows the small bead-shaped green structures connected with the thin tubular structures. These structures are continuously present over the neck, breast, abdomen, bone, hand, and thigh region. What system is depicted in the given figure? Multiple choice question. Integumentary Lymphatic Skeletal Nervous Endocrine

Lymphatic

Which organ system removes foreign substances from the blood?

Lymphatic system

Movement and maintaining posture are functions of what body system?

Muscular

The illustration shows the superficial muscles from the head to the lower leg. The joints of the bones in the body show the white regions. What organ system is depicted in this image? Multiple choice question. Muscular Integumentary Nervous Endocrine Skeletal

Muscular

Identify characteristics of life.

Organization Development Growth Metabolism Responsiveness Reproduction

Studying how the heart pumps blood is an example of ______

Physiology

Name the organ system illustrated in the provided picture. (Includes lungs)

Respiratory

Moving toward food or water and moving away from danger is an example of which characteristic of life?

Responsiveness

Which is not an organ or (of) the digestive system? Liver Stomach Intestines Spleen

Spleen

Which of the following is/are characteristics of variables with regard to homeostasis? Multiple select question. Their values can change. They must remain within a narrow change. They always remain at a fixed value.

Their values can change. They must remain within a narrow change.

What term refers to the portion of the lower limb between the hip and the knee?

Thigh

Which organ system removes waste products from blood?

Urinary system

What is the term used for body conditions, such as temperature and blood pressure, that must remain within a narrow range and also can change?

Variable

Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain

a relatively stable internal condition

Standing upright with arms at sides and palms forward is referred to as being in the standard ______________position.

anatomical or anatomic

Studying the structure of the heart is an example of ______.

anatomy

The eyes are ______ to the ears

anterior

A structure to the front of another is ______ to it.

anterior (ventral)

The directional terms posterior and dorsal mean toward the ______.

back

The posterior branch of a spinal nerve would be exiting the vertebral column and extending toward the ______ of the thorax.

back

Which is the main organ of the skeletal system?

bones

The illustration shows the conical-shaped structure at the center of the chest with thick tubular structures at the anterior region. The blue and red thin branches from the heart reach all the body parts. The body system illustrated here is the _________ system.

cardiovascular

The legs are ______ to the arms.

caudal

The term that refers to the tail is

caudal

The chin is ______ to the navel.

cephalic

The term that means towards the head is ______.

cephalic

The anatomical term that is usually synonymous with "superior" in humans and means towards the head is ______

cephalic cranial

The neck is ___ to the chest (closer to the head).

cephallic

Breaking down foodstuffs and absorbing the resulting molecules into the body are the functions of the _____________ system.

digestive

The organ system that absorbs nutrients and eliminates wastes is the ______ system.

digestive

The fingers are ______ to the wrist.

distal

The terms posterior and ___________ both describe being toward the back of the body or body part

dorsal

The organ that carries out a response that changes the value of the variable is called a(n) ______

effector

A median plane divides the body

equally

Surface anatomy involves looking at the ______ of the body.

exterior

Distal means

farther away from a point of attachment

The plane that cuts the body lengthwise and separates the body into anterior and posterior portions is called ______.

frontal (coronal)

Physiology is the study of the ______ of biological organisms and their parts.

function

The field that focuses on bodily structures that can be observed without the aid of a microscope is ___________ anatomy.

gross

The characteristic of life defined as an increase in the size or number of cells is called

growth

The characteristic of living organisms that accounts for the increase in body size is called ______.

growth

The study of tissues is called ______.

histology

The existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body is called

homeostasis

In reference to living organisms, the set point can be defined as the ____

ideal normal value of a condition such as blood pressure

A structure located below another (closer to the feet) is ______ to it.

inferior

The neck is ______ to the head

inferior

Skin is the main organ of the ______ system.

integumentary

The ears are ______ to the eyes

lateral

The eye is ______ to the nose.

lateral or superior

Organization, metabolism, growth, development, reproduction and responsiveness are recognized as the six characteristics of

life

Because of biomedical research, we know that humans share ______ characteristics with other organisms.

many

A structure that is located closer to the midline is referred to as being _____

medial

The tip of the nose is ______ and ______ to the eyes. Multiple select question. posterior deep medial proximal inferior

medial inferior and anterior

The nose is _____ to the ears

medial, ventral, anterior

An organ is ______ complex than a tissue.

more

Negative-feedback mechanisms are ______ commonly involved in maintenance of homeostasis than positive-feedback mechanisms.

more

Body temperature decreases. Shivering occurs. Body temperature increases. This is an example of ______ feedback.

negative In negative feedback, the response is opposite the original stimulus. Negative feedback maintains homeostasis. In this case there is a decrease in temperature and the body responds to increase temperature back to the normal range.

Body temperature increases. Increase in the production of sweat. Body temperature decreases. This is an example of ______ feedback.

negative In negative feedback, the response is opposite the original stimulus. Negative feedback maintains homeostasis. In this case there is an increase in temperature and the body responds to decrease temperature back to its normal range.

Bodily changes are detected and responses are activated that reverse the change and restore stability and preserve normal body function during ______.

negative feedback

A group of tissues that work together for a specialized function is called a(n) ______.

organ

Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, nervous tissue, and muscle tissue make up a structure. This structure would be considered a(n) ______.

organ

A microscopic structure within a cell such as lysosome that carries out individual cell functions is a(n)

organelle

Mitochondria and nuclei are examples of ______.

organelles

Select all that apply The organs of the endocrine system include ______. Multiple select question. pituitary gland spleen tonsils hypothalamus

pituitary gland hypothalamus

Platelets adhere to a damaged blood vessel. Platelets secrete various substances. Platelets adhere to a damaged blood vessel. This is an example of ______ feedback.

positive

The ears are ______ to the eyes

posterior

A structure on a limb is ______ to another if it is located closer to the trunk.

proximal

The wrist is __________ to the fingers.

proximal

A study of all of the structures of the chest is an example of ______ anatomy.

regional

The discipline of anatomy that studies the body by area, such as the head, leg or back is called ______.

regional anatomy

The illustration shows the small yellow circular structure in the breast. The lower abdominal region shows the inverted pear-shaped structure with thin tubular structures on the anterior side and an oval-shaped structure at the end of the tubular structure. The body system depicted in the image is the female ___________ system.

reproductive

The system that controls the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood of the lungs is the ______ system.

respiratory

Negative feedback is a mechanism that ______.

reverses the change and maintains homeostasis

The control center compares input from a receptor with the ideal normal value for a condition. This ideal normal value is known as the ______.

set point

Production of blood cells is a function of the ______ system

skeletal

Production of blood cells is a function of the ______ system.

skeletal

Examples of structures of the integumentary system are ______. Multiple select question. skin lungs hair lymph nodes nails

skin hair nails

Anatomical position refers to a body that is ______. Multiple select question. standing erect palms forward ams outstretched in front of the body face directed posteriorly

standing erect palms forward In anatomical position, the upper limbs are hanging on the sides of the body with the palms facing anterior. In anatomical position, the face is directed anterior.

A structure located above another (closer to the top of the head) is ______ to it.

superior

The head is _____________ to the neck.

superior

the neck is _______ to the pelvis.

superior, cephalic, or medial

Studying external features of the body and its relation to deeper structures is an example of the use of ______.

surface anatomy

The heart and lungs are in the______.

thorax

The trunk consists of what three body regions?

thorax, abdomen, pelvis

An aggregation of cells and extracellular materials which performs a discrete function is known as a(n) ______

tissue

Connective is a type of ______ in the body.

tissue

Epithelial and muscle are examples of ______ of the body.

tissues

A cut through the body parallel to the floor that divides the body into superior and inferior parts is called a

transverse, horizontal, or axial

The illustration shows the two bean-shaped structures on the side of the abdomen with thin tubular structures from the center of the bean-shaped structures. The thin tubular structures are connected to the pear-shaped structure at the lower abdomen region. The body system seen here is the ___________ system.

urinary

Because they are not constant, changes in internal body conditions are called

variables

The front aspect of the body can be described as frontal or ______.

ventral

Indicate the two terms that mean toward the front of the human body or body part.

ventral anterior