Chapter 10

A projectile falls beneath the straight-line path it would follow if there were no gravity. How many meters does it fall below this line if it has been traveling for 1 s? For 2 s?

5 m, 20 m

Escape speed from Earth is any speed equal to or greater than __________.

11.2 km/s

A. From greatest to least, rank them by their vertical components of velocity. B. From greatest to least, rank them by their horizontal components of velocity. C. From greatest to least, rank them by their accelerations when they reach the top of their paths.

A. A(15ms/60º),C(10ms/50º),B(10ms/45),D(10ms/30) B. D, A, B, C C. All equal in middle

A. Rank their orbital speed from greatest to least. B. Rank their time to orbit Earth speed from greatest to least.

A. ABC (smallest ring around circle to biggest) B. CBA (largest ring around circle to smallest)

A. Rank the segments of the comet's orbit from left to right based on the length of time it takes the comet to move from Point 1 to Point 2, from longest to shortest. If you think that two (or more) of the diagrams should be ranked as equal, drag one on top of the other(s) to show this equality. B. This time, rank the segments of the comet's orbit from left to right based on the distance the comet travels when moving from Point 1 to Point 2, from longest to shortest. If you think that two (or more) of the diagrams should be ranked as equal, drag one on top of the other(s) to show this equality. C. This time, rank the segments of the comet's orbit based on the speed with which the comet moves when traveling from Point 1 to Point 2, from fastest to slowest. If you think that two (or more) of the diagrams should be ranked as equal, drag one on top of the other(s) to show this equality.

A. All of them stacked on each other middle B. View photo in chapter 10 pictures C. View photo in chapter 10 pictures

A. When Dr. Hewitt releases the two projectiles, which one hits the ground first? B. When Dr. Hewitt releases the two objects, how can we tell whether one of the objects hits the ground first or whether they both hit at the same time? C. Why do the two objects hit the table at the relative times that they do?

A. Both balls hit the ground at the same time. B. We are able to hear the two balls fall. C. Gravity pulls the same amount on both, and they both drop the same distance

Click on the image below to launch the video: Velocity Projectile. Once you have watched the entire video, answer the graded follow-up questions on the right. You can watch the video again at any point A. Predict how the horizontal component of the velocity will change with time after the projectile is fired. B. Predict how the vertical component of the velocity will change with time after the projectile is fired.

A. It stays constant B. It first decreases to zero and then increases in the opposite direction.

A. Rank the planets from left to right based on their average orbital distance from the star, from longest to shortest. (Distances are to scale, but planet and star sizes are not.) B. The following diagrams are the same as those from Part A. This time, rank the planets from left to right based on the amount of time it takes each to complete one orbit, from longest to shortest C. The following diagrams are the same as those from Parts A and B. This time, rank the planets from left to right based on their average orbital speed, from fastest to slowest D. Each of the following diagrams shows a planet orbiting a star. Each diagram is labeled with the planet's mass (in Earth masses) and its average orbital distance (in AU). Assume that all four stars are identical. Rank the planets from left to right based on their orbital periods, from longest to shortest

A. See chapter 10 problem 11 photo A B. Same as chapter 10 problem 11 photo A C. See photo #11 Part c Chapter 10 D. see photo #11 pt d Chapter 10

You're in an airplane that flies horizontally with speed 1100 km/h (310 m/s ) when an engine falls off. Neglecting air resistance, assume it takes 35 s for the engine to hit the ground A. Find the height of airplane B. Find the horizontal distance that the aircraft engine falls. C. If the airplane somehow continues to fly as if nothing had happened, what is the distance between the engine and the airplane at the moment the engine hits the ground?

A. h=6km B. d=11km C. d=6km

How can a projectile "fall around the Earth"?

All of the above. -In a circular orbit around a spherical planet, the force and the fall are always toward the center. -The projectile falls 5 m for every 8 km and so does Earth. -A projectile can "fall around Earth" if the distance it falls matches the curvature of Earth.

D. Each of the four diagrams below represents the orbit of the same asteroid, but each one shows it in a different position along its orbit of the Sun. Imagine that you observed the asteroid as it traveled for one week, starting from each of the positions shown. Rank the positions based on the area that would be swept out by a line drawn between the Sun and the asteroid during the one-week period, from largest to smallest. If you think that two (or more) of the diagrams should be ranked as equal, drag one on top of the other(s) to show this equality. E. Consider again the diagrams from Part D, which are repeated here. Again, imagine that you observed the asteroid as it traveled for one week, starting from each of the positions shown. This time, rank the positions from left to right based on the distance the asteroid will travel during a one-week period when passing through each location, from longest to shortest. If you think that two (or more) of the diagrams should be ranked as equal, drag one on top of the other(s) to show this equality. F. This time, rank the positions (A-D) from left to right based on how fast the asteroid is moving at each position, from fastest to slowest. If you think that two (or more) of the diagrams should be ranked as equal, drag one on top of the other(s) to show this equality.

D. All equal on top of each other E. View photo in chapter 10 pictures F. View photo in chapter 10 pictures

At what part of an elliptical orbit does an Earth satellite have the greatest speed? The lowest speed?

Greatest nearest Earth; lowest furthest from Earth

The positions of a satellite in elliptical orbit are indicated A. Rank gravitational force from greatest to least. B.Rank speed from greatest to least. C.Rank momentum from greatest to least. D. Rank KE from greatest to least. E. Rank PE from greatest to least. F. Rank total energy (KE + PE) from greatest to least. G. Rank acceleration from greatest to least.

Greatest----Least A. A,B,C,D B. A,B,C,D C. A,B,C,D D. A,B,C,D E. D,C,B,A F. A,B,C,D (all equal in middle)

Why is it placed only in an orbit in the plane of Earth's equator? Think of the satellite's orbit as a ring around Earth.

In order to appear motionless to an observer at a fixed location on Earth's surface, the satellite must rotate around Earth at the same rate as Earth rotates around its own axis and both the location and satellite must be in the same line between Earth's center and the satellite. This can only occur above Earth's equator. Above any other location, the "ring" of satellite motion and the "ring" of motion of the location on Earth's surface would not be in the same plane.

For an Earth satellite in circular orbit, list all the values that do not change.

Only speed, gravitational force, and distance from Earth

For an Earth satellite in an elliptical orbit, list all the values that do change.

Speed, gravitational force, and distance from Earth

Which ball (if either) has the greatest speed at the moment of impact?

The ball thrown horizontally

Why doesn't the force of gravity change the speed of a satellite in circular orbit?

The force is at a right angle to the velocity.

Why is kinetic energy a constant for a satellite in a circular orbit but not for a satellite in an elliptical orbit?

The force of gravity is perpendicular to the motion in a circular orbit but not in an elliptical orbit.

A ball is thrown horizontally from a cliff at a speed of 10 m/s . You predict that its speed 1 s later will be slightly greater than 14 m/s . Your friend says it will be 10 m/s. A. Who is correct?

you