CHAPTER 10

What is a primary difference between a food label and a supplement label? A. A supplement label only needs to list what is present, not specific amounts. B. Supplement labels only list active ingredients. C. There is no difference. D. A supplement label is more detailed than a food label.

A. A supplement label only needs to list what is present, not specific amounts.

What percentage of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) converts to a biologically available form called eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)? A. About 5-15% B. About 90% C. About 50% D. About 30%

A. About 5-15%

Which of the following is a potential benefit of omega-3 fatty acids? A. Improved thyroid function B. Proinflammatory properties C. Increased energy D. Anti-inflammatory properties

D. Anti-inflammatory properties

Which governmental agency regulates dietary supplements in the United Kingdom? A. Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) B. Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) C. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) D. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

D. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

Compared to water-soluble vitamins, which of the following is true about fat-soluble vitamins? A. Fat-soluble vitamins accumulate in and deplete quickly from the body. B. Fat-soluble vitamins are better for improving overall health. C. Fat-soluble vitamins are not as healthy because fat is unhealthy. D. Fat-soluble vitamins take longer to accumulate in and deplete from the body.

D. Fat-soluble vitamins take longer to accumulate in and deplete from the body.

Compared to nonheme iron, heme iron is absorbed how? A. Less efficiently B. Equally C. Not at all D. More efficiently

D. More efficiently

Which vitamin has an increased risk of causing toxicity? A. Vitamin B6 B. Vitamin C C. Vitamin B12 D. Vitamin A

D. Vitamin A

Which vitamin is the most transient? A. Vitamin E B. Vitamin D C. Vitamin A D. Vitamin C

D. Vitamin C

The water-soluble vitamins include which vitamins? A. Vitamin C, D, and K B. Vitamin C, B complex, and D C. Vitamin C, B complex, and K D. Vitamin C and the B complex vitamins

D. Vitamin C and the B complex vitamins

Which of the following is true about the biologically active forms of vitamins? A. Biologically active forms are most effective for augmenting body levels. B. Biologically active forms lead to toxicity. C. Biologically active forms lead to deficiency. D. Biologically active forms are less efficient.

A. Biologically active forms are most effective for augmenting body levels.

Vitamin C has a role in which of these functions? A. Collagen synthesis and immunity B. Increasing bone density C. Collagen synthesis only D. Immunity only

A. Collagen synthesis and immunity

Which of the following is magnesium classified as? A. Macromineral B. Macronutrient C. Trace mineral D. Vitamin

A. Macromineral

Which of the following is not an appropriate expectation for a CPT? A. Prescribing a supplement B. Referring out to a dietitian C. Offering general advice on supplementation D. Teaching healthy portion sizes

A. Prescribing a supplement

Which of the following is a major nutritional contributor to muscle protein synthesis? A. The essential amino acids B. Vitamins C. Caffeine D. Minerals

A. The essential amino acids

What is meant by the term tolerable upper limit (UL)? A. The greatest quantity of a vitamin or mineral that may be consumed in a day without risk of an adverse health effect B. The amount of a specific nutrient in a single serving C. The same as daily value (DV) D. The amount recommended for the average person to take

A. The greatest quantity of a vitamin or mineral that may be consumed in a day without risk of an adverse health effect

Ergogenic aids are typically consumed for what purpose? A. To improve athletic performance and/or body composition B. For general well-being C. To correct nutrient imbalances D. To mitigate the side effects of medication

A. To improve athletic performance and/or body composition

Ergogenic aids are typically consumed for what purpose? A. To improve athletic performance and/or body composition B. To correct nutrient imbalances C. For general well-being D. To mitigate the side effects of medication

A. To improve athletic performance and/or body composition

What are the three branched chain amino acids (BCAAs)? A. Valine, leucine, and isoleucine B. Alanine, glutamine, and tyrosine C. Methionine, tryptophan, and lysine D. Histidine, threonine, and phenylalanine

A. Valine, leucine, and isoleucine

Can supplements contain food allergens? A. Yes, and if they do contain allergens, they should be listed on the label. B. No, because supplements are not real food. C. No, because supplements are not food. D. Yes, but only if the supplement is sourced from whole foods.

A. Yes, and if they do contain allergens, they should be listed on the label.

. Which governmental agency regulates dietary supplements in the United States? A. World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) B. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) C. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) D. Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)

B. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Vitamin and mineral supplements are which kind of supplements? A. Anabolic steroids B. Health supplements C. Performance supplements D. Stimulants

B. Health supplements

Why is third-party verification important? A. It shows which supplements to trust. B. It provides unbiased testing for a product. C. It is required for a supplement to be put on the market. D. It sets regulations regarding illegal ingredients.

B. It provides unbiased testing for a product.

Which of the following is the best source for reviewing information about dietary supplements? A. A fitness magazine B. PubMed C. A professional athlete D. The supplement company's website

B. PubMed

How many Essential Amino Acids (EAAs) are there? A. 3 B. 7 C. 11 D. 9

D. 9

How are dietary supplements defined? A. Dietary materials essential for achieving fitness goals B. Regulated dietary materials used to increase intake of a desired nutritional component C. Dietary products useful only for bodybuilders D. Regulated substances that are too dangerous to discuss with clients

B. Regulated dietary materials used to increase intake of a desired nutritional component

What is the most appropriate response from a Certified Personal Trainer if a client insists on using a steroid or other harmful substance? A. Tell them no. B. Tell them no, and refer them to a licensed medical professional for further advice. C. Provide them with a plan and all the information they may need for use. D. Tell them it could help with their training.

B. Tell them no, and refer them to a licensed medical professional for further advice.

Which governmental agency regulates dietary supplements in Australia? A. World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) B. Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) C. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) D. Health Canada

B. Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)

Which of the following is true of protein shakes? A. They are required to build muscle. B. They are convenient options for increasing protein intake. C. They are a poor choice for recovery. D. They are dangerous and should be avoided.

B. They are convenient options for increasing protein intake.

Iodine has a major role in which bodily process? A. Heart function B. Thyroid function C. Kidney function D. Liver function

B. Thyroid function

Which is very important as a prenatal vitamin? A. Vitamin C B. Pantothenic acid C. Folate D. Niacin

C. Folate

Calcium is of principal importance for what? A. Nutrient absorption B. Maintaining a strong immune system C. Maintaining strong bones D. Clearing toxins

C. Maintaining strong bones

Which of the following statements is true about proprietary blends? A. Proprietary blends are featured on all supplements. B. Proprietary blends never contain efficacious doses of ingredients. C. Proprietary blends should typically be avoided, as the precise amount of each ingredient is not disclosed. D. Proprietary blends are used by companies so they can add illegal ingredients.

C. Proprietary blends should typically be avoided, as the precise amount of each ingredient is not disclosed.

Which of the following is a major nutritional contributor to muscle protein synthesis? A. Minerals B. Caffeine C. The essential amino acids D. Vitamins

C. The essential amino acids

What is the purpose of the Current Good Manufacturing Practices? A. To set prices for supplements B. To set regulations on what ingredients can and cannot be used C. To provide guidelines to help ensure quality and purity of products D. To ban illegal substances

C. To provide guidelines to help ensure quality and purity of products