chapter 10 history

According to the eighth-century Capitulary on Saxony, how did Charlemagne deal with those who organized in opposition to Christians? They were given the death penalty. They were sent to Christian monasteries. They were enslaved until they converted to Christianity. They were imprisoned until they converted to Christianity.

a

During the period from 1000 to 1300, the rulers in which region held the least power? Western Europe The Byzantine Empire China Russia

a

How does the image from the book Ladder of Divine Ascent portray the spiritual journey toward God? As filled with temptation As a solitary journey As easy for monks As free of vice and sin

a

In the centuries between 500 and 1000, Europe’s center of gravity shifted away from the Mediterranean toward the north and west. the south and east. the Indian Ocean. the Pacific Ocean.

a

Outside of Europe, the strongest presence of Christianity from 500 to 1300 was in Ethiopia. Egypt. China. Syria.

a

Which of the following brought the Byzantine Empire to an end? The capture of Constantinople by the Ottoman Empire Emperor Justinian’s attempt to reconquer the Mediterranean basin The loss of territory to an expanding Persian Empire The Roman Catholic Church’s excommunication of Eastern Orthodox Christians

a

Which of the following describes the situation in Western Europe after the collapse of the Roman Empire in 476? Long-distance trade was limited to Italy. Germanic peoples became a minority population. The population doubled from what it had been at the peak of the Roman Empire. Society became increasingly urban and literate.

a

Which of the following was evidence of the expansion and growth of European civilization during the High Middle Ages? There was a considerable increase in long-distance trade. The Holy Roman Empire was the undisputed religious center of Christendom. Most of North Africa converted to Christianity. The Pope emerged as an all-powerful political ruler of Western Europe.

a

Why are the images in the Byzantine icons flat and two-dimensional? To suggest another world and evoke the mysteries of faith To contrast with Muslim representations of the divine To avoid the iconoclastic attacks of the Byzantine state To illustrate the dual nature of Christ

a

Based on the information in Map 10.3 in the textbook, which region was the least threatened by foreign invasion between 700 and 1000? Holy Roman Empire Byzantine Empire Kievan Russia Al-Andalus

b

Disagreement over which of the following contributed to the split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church? A church hierarchy of patriarchs, bishops, and priests Veneration of icons The missionary impulse The religious authority of the Bible

b

In the story by Gregory of Tours, what event triggered Clovis’s conversion to Christianity? A conversation with his Christian wife His near defeat in a war against the Alamanni The death of his son The miraculous recovery of his son

b

Technological changes in which field limited women’s opportunities in Western Europe by the fifteenth century? Farming Weaving Shipbuilding Metallurgy

b

What does the tenth-century manuscript known as the Leechbook reveal about the beliefs and practices of Anglo-Saxons who had converted to Christianity? They abandoned any practices that conflicted with Christian doctrine. They used Christian rituals in practices that pre-dated the coming of Christianity. They were more influenced by Eastern Orthodoxy than Roman Catholicism. They emphasized more the individual relationship with God.

b

Which of the following characterizes the spread of Christianity throughout Western Europe from 500 to 1000? Christian missionaries destroyed pagan temples and idols. Earlier cultural practices were absorbed into the Christian tradition. The Church focused on converting people in the countryside. Coercion was never used because the Church did not condone the use of force.

b

Which of the following describes the relationship between politics and religion in Western Europe from 500 to 1300? Rulers were appointed by the pope of the Catholic Church. Rulers provided protection for the Church in return for religious legitimacy. The ruler was the head of both the state and the Church. The pope was the head of both the state and the Church.

b

Which of the following features of the Byzantine Empire did the new civilization of Kievan Rus adopt? The customs and dress of Germanic peoples The political ideals of imperial control of the Church The concept of a good life as one of no desire and no action The commitment to economic equality and social justice

b

Which of the following had a greater influence on Eastern Orthodox Christianity than on Roman Catholicism? The concept of original sin Greek philosophical concepts Acceptance of the Trinity Acceptance of the Holy Spirit

b

Which of the following is an example of a European innovation made possible by borrowing technologies from other civilizations? The use of the compass in farming The use of gunpowder in cannons The use of papermaking in mills The use of the lateen sail in textile production

b

Which of the following is an example of how Christianity was reinterpreted as it spread throughout Asia and Africa? Russification Jesus sutras Greek fire Cyrillic script

b

Which of the following is an example of the Byzantine Empire’s influence on Eurasia? Acceptance of Latin as the international language of diplomacy Transmission of ancient Greek learning to Western Europe and the Islamic world Control of the trade routes along the Silk Roads and across the Sahara Spread of Eastern Orthodox Christianity to North Africa and Central Asia

b

Which of the following was a long-term impact of the Crusades in Europe? The Crusades weakened significantly the influence of Turkic-speaking peoples in the Islamic world. Spain, Sicily, and the Baltic region permanently joined the world of Western Christendom. Animosity from the Crusades ended the flow of Muslim learning into Europe. People from the Middle East migrated to Europe in large numbers.

b

How did economic growth and urbanization during the High Middle Ages affect women in Western Europe? Women assumed more responsibility for farm work as men moved to the cities. Women entered universities to train to become lawyers and doctors. Women practiced trades and sometimes trained female apprentices. Women received political and legal rights that made them men’s equals.

c

In comparison to Byzantium, Latin Christendom before 1000 C.E. was an expanding empire. a theocratic state. a localized society. a unified state.

c

In the image depicting the Nativity, what do the rays above Mary and the baby Jesus symbolize? The Ten Commandments The three kings The Trinity The seven deadly sins

c

In the story of the German missionary Bonifaces encounter with the Hessians during the eighth century, how did the Hessians respond to Boniface’s cutting down of the tree they referred to as the “Oak of Jupiter”? They secretly plotted to launch an attack against all the Christians in the area. They laughed at him when he proved unable to make even a single cut in the tree. They interpreted it as God’s will and wholeheartedly embraced Christianity. They offered sacrifices to their gods to deflect the gods’ wrath away from Boniface.

c

In which civilization was the rationalism and secularism of Greek thought used to explain religious doctrines? The Byzantine Empire The Abbasid Caliphate Western Europe China

c

Which of the following describes a feature of the Byzantine state? Political authority was decentralized. The state tightly controlled local affairs in the provinces. The emperor claimed to be God’s representative on earth. Competing interests contributed to the fragmentation of the state.

c

Which of the following describes the process of conversion to Eastern Orthodox Christianity in Kievan Rus? The Byzantine Empire required conversion upon the penalty of death during its occupation of Kievan Rus. Byzantine missionaries succeeded in converting most of the people to Eastern Orthodox Christianity despite state opposition. It was a freely made decision on the part of Prince Vladmir of Kiev who chose Eastern Orthodox Christianity to unify his people. People converted in order to avoid the special tax imposed on those who refused to accept Eastern Orthodox Christianity.

c

Which of the following describes the situation of Christian communities in the Middle East and North Africa from 650 to 1300? Thriving communities connected by inter-regional trade Self-sufficient communities in isolated regions Shrinking communities of second-class subjects Marginalized communities threatened by state persecution

c

In Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire, what system emerged that emphasized the reciprocal ties between a king and his vassals, and between a lord and his serfs? Paganism Caesaropapism Investiture Feudalism

d

In Western Europe from 1000 to 1300, power was divided among lords, vassals, and serfs. princes, warriors, and farmers. the pope, royal officials, and scholars. kings, nobles, and church leaders.

d

In the eleventh century, the religious culture of the Byzantine Empire had a significant impact on the rulers of the Axum state in Ethiopia. the Nestorian church in China. the Roman Catholic Church in Western Europe. Slavic-speaking peoples in the Balkans and Russia.

d

What advantage did the Byzantine Empire have that enabled it to survive as a political entity for a thousand years longer than the western part of the Roman Empire? Assimilation to Germanic culture More territory under its control A longer frontier A stronger military

d

What event in the thirteenth century influenced the Egyptian state ’s change in attitude toward its Christian subjects from tolerance to persecution? The Arab conquest of North Africa The emergence of the Byzantine Empire The plague The Crusades

d

Which of the following contributed to the decline of Christianity in Asia and Africa by 1500? The decline in inter-regional trade The rise of the Byzantine Empire The end of the Roman Empire The spread of Islam

d

Which of the following is a symbol featured in all three Byzantine icons? The sword The cross The dove The halo

d

Which of the following is an example of how Christ’s divine and human nature is portrayed in the image of Christ Pantokrator? The design on the cover of the book The placement of the halo The positioning of Christ’s two hands The two fingers of Christ’s right hand

d