Chapter 10 Inquisitive

What was the reported turnout of the voting-eligible population over age fifty-five for the 2012 presidential election in the United States

70%

Belief

A proposition or idea held on the basis of faith

What are the of the most in-demand programs of study in community college?

Health sciences and administration of justice

An elementary school student notices that exhibiting good behavior and following the instructions of the teacher can go a long way to earning decent grades in school. This example highlights what sociological term about the educational system?

Hidden curriculum

The word "politics" comes from what Greek word?

Politikos

Jamal's parents obtain a school voucher from the government because his neighborhood school has been consistently labeled "failing" by the state government. Jamal will now be able to attend what type of school?

Private School

Charter Schools

Public schools run by private entities that operate with relative freedom from many of the bureaucratic regulations that apply to traditional public schools

Symbolic Interactionism's classic study of education

Robert Rosenthal and Leonore Jacobson's "Pygmalion in the Classroom"

The textbook suggests that "fake news" programs such as "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver" and "The Nightly Show with Larry Wilmore" blur the lines of reality and are what postmodern sociologist Jean Baudrillard would call a __

Simulacrum

Social institutions such as politics, education, and religion provide critical functions for the needs of society and help maintain order and unity

Structural Functionalism

Ritual

A practice based on religious beliefs

What percentage of all students enrolled in college in the United States are enrolled in two-year community colleges?

27%

What percentage of the U.S. population could be called evangelicals?

30%

What was the highest recorded percentage of turnout of the voting-eligible population for a presidential election in the United States?

62.5%

Examples of Sects:

-Conservative Friends -The Amish

Examples of Denominations:

-Episcopal -Mormon

Examples of Cults:

-The Branch Davidians -Heaven's Gate

True or False: The majority of K-12 students in the United States attend private school.

False

Students in what type of school choose what they want to learn and often have minimal direction?

Unschooling

Structural Functionalism's classic study of education

Randall Collin's "The Credential Society"

Sacred

The holy, divine, or supernatural

True or False: There are two types of monarchies: absolute and constitutional

True

Place each education event in order from first to last

1- "A Nation at Risk" report is released 2- No Child Left Behind is passed into law 3- The Common Core State Standards are developed 4- President Obama announced a federal initiative to make community college tuition free

Of the total U.S. public, __1__ percent are religiously unaffiliated, the highest percentage ever reported.

1-22.8%

Whites are more likely to identify as religiously unaffiliated than both blacks and Hispanics. About _1_ percent of Americans maintain the same religious affiliation throughout their lifetimes, but there have been shifts in religious preferences in the past few decades.

1-56%

Recent studies have found that _1_ percent of Americans say religion is very important to them and that on average, _2_ percent of Americans say they go to religious services at least once a week.

1-58% 2-37%

Place each religious based terrorist event in order from first to last

1-An American-born Israeli physician opened fire in the Ibrahim Mosque in the Cave of the Patriarchs 2-The Tokyo subway was attacked using Sarin nerve gas 3-Al-Qaeda connected men opened fire in the office of Charlie Hebdo in Paris

What three things about religion are true?

1-Approximately 23 percent of Americans claim no religious affiliation 2-Between 1990 and 2001, the number of Americans who described themselves as "Fundamentalist Christians" tripled 3-Europeans are about one-third as likely as Americans to say that religion is important to them

Sociologist _____1____ was one of the first to propose a theory of the ____2______. This ___3____ theory perspective suggests that a relatively small group of people in the top ranks of economic, political, and military institutions make many of the important decisions in American society. Since the introduction of this theory into the literature, _____4_______ has studied this phenomenon extensively.

1-C. Wright Mills 2-power elite 3-conflict 4-G. William Domhoff

What three things about educational inequality in the United States are true?

1-Lifetime earnings for someone with an advanced degree are almost 50 percent higher than for someone with only a high school diploma 2-Individuals with only a high school degree have an unemployment rate about 70 percent higher than the unemployment rate for individuals with a bachelor's degree 3-Among young adults ages twenty-five to twenty-nine, women are more likely than men to have a bachelor's degree or higher

Place each political protest in order from first to last

1-Protests against the Iraq War at the Democratic and Republican National Convention 2-Cindy Sheehan's antiwar protest outside George W. Bush's Texas ranch 3-Protests against the removal of the antiwar mural on the outside of the Museum of Contemporary Art in Los Angeles 4-The beginning of the Occupy Movement 5-The beginning of the Black Lives Matter Movement

What are three functions of religion according to structural functionalism?

1-Religion gives meaning to our lives 2-Religion provides the opportunity to come together with others 3-Religion provides morals, values, rules, and norms for its participants

Place the following in order from highest to lowest higher education costs

1-The average debt level among graduates of for-profits who took out student loans 2-One year of tuition and fees at a four-year private nonprofit school 3-One year of tuition and fees at a for-profit school 4-One year of tuition and fees at a four-year public nonprofit school 5-One year of tuition and fees at a two-year public nonprofit school

Place each event related to American Democracy in order from first to last

1-The fifteenth amendment to the U.S. Constitution technically gave all adult males of all races voting rights 2-Women earned the right to vote in the United States 3-Native Americans were legally given the right to vote in federal elections 4-Residents of the District of Columbia were given the right to vote in presidential elections 5-The Voting Rights Act officially removed all barriers and allowed African Americans to vote

Place the following in order from highest to lowest college graduation rates

1-The graduation rate for students at private nonprofit schools 2-The graduation rate for students at public nonprofit schools 3-The graduation rate for students at for-profit schools

Three statements about authoritarianism:

1-Two types of authoritarianism are dictatorship and totalitarianism 2-Dictators may gain control through a military coup or by being legally elected or appointed 3-Under authoritarianism, citizens have no say in who rules them, what laws are made, or how those laws are enforced

What three things resulted from the 2010 Supreme Court ruling in the Citizens United v. Federal Election Committee Case?

1-Unlimited spending on campaigns by corporation, unions, and other non-campaign entities 2-Super PACs 3-$600 million in federal election spending from 195 wealthy donors and their spouses

Government is the formal, ___1_____ agency that exercises power and control in modern society. Governments are vested with the power and authority to make laws and enforce them. ___2_______ defined power as the ability to get others to do one's bidding. When sociologists talk about ____3_____, they are referring to the legitimate, _____4______ exercise of power.

1-organized 2-Max Weber 3-authority 4-noncoercive

What is the year in which the first state legally required all children age sixteen and younger to attend school?

1852

What year did the media play a huge role in the presidential election by broadcasting it live for the first time on television?

1960

A group of teachers and parents petition the state government to give them the autonomy to open a new elementary school that focuses on bilingual education and the arts. The new school will be what type of school?

Charter School

Social institutions such as politics, education, and religion represent the interests of those in power and thus create and maintain inequalities in society

Conflict Theory

What is the term used for a person who is stripped of voting rights, either temporarily or permanently?

Disenfranchised

Education websites like Khan Academy and schools like Clintondale High School are examples of what recent education phenomenon?

Flipped Classroom

What term represents the most conservative group within any religion?

Fundamentalist

Conflict Theory's classic study of education

Jonathan Kozol's "Savage Inequalities"

Justin signs up online to take a course from a third party that allows him to log in and watch a lecture free of charge whenever he wants. His university will allow him to earn credit for the course if he pays the third party a fee.

MOOCs

What is referred to as the Fourth Estate of government?

Media

Orit Avishai's 2008 study of Orthodox Jewish women comes from which theoretical perspective about religion?

Symbolic Interactionism

Social institutions such as politics, education, and religion are created through individual participation; they give meaning to and are part of the everyday experience of members

Symbolic Interactionism

Profane

The ordinary, mundane, or everyday

True or False: From a conflict perspective, religion is complex: It can subjugate at the same time it can liberate

True

Which of the following statements about the early education system are true?

True: In the Middle Ages, the Church was the main educator The roots of what we would recognize as modern mass education can be traced back to the idealism of the European Enlightenment of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries False: Formal Education systems in Western civilization began in Rome during the eighth century B.C.E Apprentice training education began in the fifteenth century