chapter 10 psy

composite faces

"average faces"

ideal waste to hip ratio

.80

secure base

According to John Bowlby, the relationship in which the child feels safe and protected.

Idealization

Copying someone you think highly of because you don't feel good about who you are

adult attachment styles

The different ways in which adults relate to romantic partners, based on Mary Ainsworth's infant attachment styles. (Adult attachment styles are classified as secure, or preoccupied/ambivalent insecure, or avoidant/dismissive insecure.)

mere exposure effect

The finding that the more exposure we have to a stimulus, the more apt we are to like it

secure attachment

a relationship in which an infant obtains both comfort and confidence from the presence of his or her caregiver

exchange theory

a relationship in which individuals feel as though they have little responsibility toward one another. these relationships are usually short term (ex: one night stand, hookups)

Equity Theory

a theory that states that people will be motivated when they perceive that they are being treated fairly (ex: relationships being 100/100)

avoidant attachment

characterized by child's unresponsiveness to parent, does not use the parent as a secure base, and does not care if parent leaves

disorganized attachment

characterized by the child's odd behavior when faced with the parent; type of attachment seen most often with kids that are abused

three tyoes of love

companionate: friends and family (trust them and want to be around them) compassionate: mother care for her child romantic/passionate: being in love with someone, engage in sexual activities.

4 horsemen of the apocalypse

criticism, contempt, defensiveness, stonewalling

4 types of similarities that attract people

demographics, personality traits, attractiveness, socioeconomic

anxious attachment

demonstrated by babies who seem constantly afraid of potential separation from the caregiver; they cling to caregivers in strange settings and display intense distress upon separation

functional distance

how often people's paths cross

Mate selection and attraction, what does the research support on who we are most attracted to?

opposites dont attract, more attracted to those who are similar to us

Harlow Monkey Study

study that showed that you can provide someone with food, water, and everything that they need for survival, but without nurturing there will be problems.

Theories of beauty

symmetrical faces

complimentary hypothesis

tendency for people to seek out those who complement them

insecure base

the bond is contaminated by fear. reluctance in the relationship.

attachment theory

the idea that early attachments with parents and other caregivers can shape relationships for a person's whole life

social exchange theory

the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs (exchange of goods)

proximity effect

the theory that the closer you are to another person in geographical distance, the greater the probability that you will grow to like or even love the person

halo effect

when someone is beautiful they are associated with being nice