Chapter 10 quiz (the gastrointestinal tract and abdominal wall)

17. An autoimmune disease characterized by periods of inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract describes : a . Crohn disease b . Intussusception c . Pyloric stenosis d . Meckel diverticulitis

A

19. Which of the following types of obstruction refers to the bowel being physically blocked by something ? a .Mechanical b . Nonmechanical c . Obstreperous d . Bezoarine

A

37. An adult patient presents to the sonography department with left lower quadrant pain , fever , and bouts of both constipation and diarrhea . Which of the following would be the most likely etiology ? A. Diverticulitis b . Intussusception c . Midgut malrotation d . Appendicitis

A

4. All of the following are true of normal intestinal findings with sonography except : a . Normal bowel does not compress b . Normal bowel should have observable peristalsis c . Intestinal wall should measure less than 5 mm d . Normal bowel has little to no color Doppler signals

A

6. All of the following are sonographic criteria in a pyloric stenosis except a . Wall of the pylorus is focally thinned the diagnosis of: b . Length of the pylorus measures more than 17 mm c . Doughnut appearance in transverse d . Cervix appearance in longitudinal

A

23. The area of pain and rebound tenderness with acute appendicitis is most likely at : a . Meckel point b . McBurney point c . Murphy point d . Olive point

B

24. Which of the following best describes the location of McBurney point ? a . Left lateral to the umbilicus and medial to the left iliac crest b . Halfway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the umbilicus c . Midway between the umbilicus and the symphysis pubis d . Medial to the superior iliac spine

B

29. Which of the following is not associated with a rectus sheath hematoma ? a . Palpable abdominal mass b . Increased hematocrit c . Child birth d . Sneezing

B

31. All of the following are common clinical findings in infants who present with intussusception except a . Vomiting b . First - born male infant c . Red currant jelly stools d . Leukocytosis

B

35. HPS is most often found in infants between : a . 1 and 10 days of age b . 2 and 6 weeks of age c . 10 and 24 weeks of age d . 2 and 4 years of age

B

40. Which of the following would be most likely a cause of colitis ? a . Gastroesophageal reflux disease b . Antibiotic therapy c . Dehydration d . Rectus sheath hematoma

B

5. Upon sonographic evaluation of the right pain in that area , you complaining of focal abdominal lower quadrant in a patient visualize a hyperemic blind - ended , tubular structure that contains a shadowing focus . shadowing focus ? What is the most likely etiology of the a . Ureteral stone b . Appendicolith c . Gallstone d . Herniated omentum

B

7. All of the following are sonographic findings of acute appendicitis except : a . Appendicolith b . Compressible , blind - ended tube c . Periappendiceal fluid collection d . Hyperemic flow

B

16. Pediatric patients could suffer from bowel obstructions that are caused by abuildup of ingested hair . The mass associated with this type of obstruction is termed a : a . Phytobezoar b . Lactobezoar c . Trichobezar d . Permabezoar

C

18. The telescoping of one segment of bowel into another is referred to as : a . Volvulus b . Crohn disease c . Intussusception d . Pyloric stenosis

C

2. What anatomic structure may be noted as a bulls - eye structure anterior to the abdominal aorta and posterior to the left lobe of the liver in the sagittal scan plane ? a . Pyloric sphincter b . Duodenal antrum c . Gastroesophageal junction d . Distal jejunum

C

25. The olive sign is best described as : a . The palpation of the inflamed appendix with rebound tenderness b . An area of pain halfway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the umbilicus c . An enlarged palpable pyloric sphincter d . The sonographic appearance of pyloric stenosis

C

27. The most common location of the vermiform appendix is in the area of the : a . Jejunum b . Descending colon c . Cecum d . Sigmoid colon

C

28. Which of the following is the development of small outpouchings within the sigmoid colon ? a . Diverticulitis b . Crohn disease c . Diverticulosis d . Midgut malrotation

C

30. Which of the following is not a sonographic finding consistent with Crohn disease ? a . Bowel wall thickening b . Noncompressible bowel that has a target appearance c . Increased peristalsis d . Hyperemic wall

C

8. Clinical findings of acute appendicitis include all of the following except : a . Leukocytosis b . Right lower quadrant pain c . Constipation d . Rebound tenderness

C

1. A patient presents to the sonography department with bilious vomiting . While investigating the pediatric patient for pyloric stenosis , you note that while the pyloric sphincter appears normal , the SMA is abnormally located to the right of the SMV . What is the most likely diagnosis ? a . Pylorospasm b . Intussusception c . Crohn disease d .Midgut malrotation

D

13. Other abnormalities that can present much like pyloric stenosis include all of the following except : a . Midgut malrotation b . Pylorospasm c . Gastroesophageal d . reflux disease Intussusception

D

20. Which of the following would be useful to employ during a sonographic evaluation of a suspected abdominal wall hernia ? a . Upright positioning b . Prone positioning c . Graded compression d . Valsalva

D

32. The sonographic finding of fluid - filled , distended loops of bowel is consistent with : a . Meckel diverticulum b . Diverticulitis c . Gastroesophageal reflux disease d . Intestinal obstruction

D

33. Traditionally , treatment for intussusception is by means of : a . Surgery b . External manipulation c . Compression sonography d . Therapeutic enema

D

38. What are the diagnostic criteria for pyloric stenosis ? a . 17 mm in thickness and 2 mm in length b . 17 mm in thickness and 3 mm in length c . 3 mm in thickness and 10 mm in length d . 3 mm in thickness and 17 mm in length

D

9. All of the following are common clinical findings in infants who present with pyloric stenosis except : a . Weight loss b . Dehydration c . Olive sign d . First - born female

D

21. The situation when bowel protrudes into the groin is referred to as a ( n ) : a Inguinal hernia b . Linea alba hernia c . Umbilical hernia d . Spigelian hernia

A

26. Rebound tenderness is associated with : a . Appendicitis b . Intussusception c . Diverticulitis d . Gastric carcinoma

A

34. The most common cause of intestinal obstruction in children less than 2 years of age is : A.Intussusception B. Midgut malrotation c . Pyloric stenosis d Acute appendicitis

A

39. Clinical findings of a patient with Crohn disease include all of following except : a . Palpable abdominal mass b. Rectal bleeding c . Abdominal pain d . Weight loss

A

15. Gastric cancer is most often in the form of : a . Cystadenocarcinoma b . Adenocarcinoma c . Rhabdomyocarcinoma d . Angiosarcoma

B

12. What abnormality associates red currant jelly stools ? a . Diverticulosis b . Appendicitis c . Intussusception d . Pyloric stenosis

C

22. The situation when bowel protrudes into a weakened area in the lower one - fourth of the rectus muscle is referred to as a ( n ) : a . Inguinal hernia b . Linea alba hernia c . Umbilical hernia d . Spigelian hernia

D

3. Which of the following is not a layer of gut identified with sonography ? a . Visceral b . Serosa c . Submucosa d . Mucosa

A

36. In what position is the infant often placed for better sonographic visualization of the pyloric sphincter? a Right lateral decubitus b . Left lateral decubitus c . Prone d . Upright

A

11. A patient presents to the sonography department with a painful , superficial abdominal mass located within a prior cesarean scar . What clinical feature would be most consistent with scar endometriosis ? a . Hematuria b . Chronic headaches c. Cyclical pain d . Bloody diarrhea

C

14. Which of the following would be the most likely clinical feature of colitis ? a . Inguinal herniation of the bowel b . Right shoulder pain c . Watery diarrhea d . Midline hematoma

C

10. Pseudomyxoma peritonei can result from : a . Intussusception b . Pyloric stenosis c . Crohn disease d . Appendix cancer

D