Chapter 10,11,12 Test Review

(Q018) Which of the following is an element of Chief Justice John Marshall's decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)?

"The power to tax involves the power to destroy," and states did not have authority to destroy an agency created by the federal government.

Which type of publication first began to be produced in the late 1820s?

"alternative" newspapers, such as labor and abolitionist publications

(Q034) Free blacks at antislavery conventions described themselves as gatherings of

"colored citizens."

(Q038) By what decade did white Americans consider Indians a relic of the past?

1840

(Q006) The Constitution was amended to require states to allow women to vote in

1920

(Q034) How many slaves were sold between 1820 and 1860 within the United States during the "antebellum" period?

2 million

(Q002) In the Old South, the percentage of white families that owned slaves was approximately

25 percent.

Which of the following would be an example of "silent sabotage"?

A slave on a large plantation slowed the work pace.

(Q026) In 1839, fifty-three slaves took control of a ship called the

Amistad.

What was the primary reason Andrew Jackson opposed the Bank of the United States?

He believed that no institution should possess such concentrated power and economic privilege, unaccountable to the people.

Why was Henry Clay charged with orchestrating a "corrupt bargain" during the 1824 election?

He cast his vote for Adams in the presidential election in return for a cabinet post.

(Q015) Which of the following is a true statement about Jackson's political beliefs?

He felt African-Americans should either remain as slaves or be freed and sent abroad.

(Q032) In her 1845 work Woman in the Nineteenth Century, this writer sought to apply to women the transcendentalist idea that freedom meant a quest for personal development.

Margaret Fuller

(Q031) In 1832, this black woman became the first American woman to lecture to mixed male and female audiences.

Maria Stewart

(Q018) The southern state with the highest population of free blacks in 1860 was

Maryland.

(Q010) "Gentlemen of property and standing" were

Merchants with close commercial ties to the South.

(Q039) What state forced its Indian population to leave in the 1820s?

Missouri

(Q022) What doctrine was articulated in a U.S. President's 1823 annual message to Congress?

Monroe Doctrine

Seeing themselves as a chosen people, blacks viewed which biblical story as playing a central role in their version of Christianity?

Moses and the exodus from Egypt

Which statement is true regarding women in the abolition movement?

Much of the abolition movement's grassroots strength derived from northern women.

(Q023) What was Andrew Jackson's nickname?

Old Hickory

(Q005) This utopian community was created in 1848 by John Humphrey Noyes, a son of a U.S. congressman.

Oneida

(Q015) Which of the following was a characteristic of Robert Owen's early-nineteenth-century utopian communities?

Owen promoted communitarianism as a way of making sure workers received the full value of their labor.

(Q010) What was the result of the Missouri court case involving the "crime" of Celia?

She was sentenced to death.

Which of the following is true of the paternalist ethos in southern slavery?

Slave owners felt responsible for their slaves and believed they could not take care of themselves.

(Q020) Which of the following was part of the Missouri Compromise of 1820?

Slavery was prohibited in the remaining Louisiana Territory north of 36°30'.

How did conditions for slaves in the United States compare to those in the Caribbean by the mid-nineteenth century?

Slaves were typically better fed in the United States than they were in the Caribbean.

What economic effect did southern slavery have on the North?

Southern slavery helped finance industrialization and internal improvements in the North.

In regard to utopian communities, how do spiritually oriented groups compare to societies with a worldly orientation?

Spiritual groups usually lasted for longer time periods.

(Q011) Which of the following was an element in the 1841 Dorr War?

Supporters of democratic reform organized a People's Convention, which drafted a new constitution for the state of Rhode Island.

(Q008) This person refused to sign the Pennsylvania constitutional conversion document because it had a provision limiting suffrage to only whites and later became a leader in the drive for equal rights for African-Americans after the Civil War.

Thaddeus Stevens

(Q028) John Tyler was given numerous nicknames upon assuming the office of the presidency, including the title

The Executive Ass.

Which was a component of the Monroe Doctrine?

The United States vowed to oppose efforts by European powers to establish any new colonies in the Americas.

(Q007) Which of the following was a difference between the Democrats and the Whigs during the Jackson years?

The Whigs favored public measures and other policies to regulate personal morality; the Democrats did not.

(Q033) Which of the following is true regarding the Bank War?

The banks tended to overissue paper money, which deteriorated the value compared to the real income of wage earners.

Which is true of plantation owners in the nineteenth century?

They insisted that slavery was required in order for whites to be truly free.

(Q036) Free blacks took what action when denied access by streetcar companies?

They sued the companies in court.

(Q032) Why did slave owners in the 1850s begin to sell their city slaves to the countryside?

They thought their slaves had too much independence, which negatively influenced the relation between master and slave.

(Q028) What happened to the 135 enslaved persons who in 1841 seized the ship, the Creole, and sailed to Nassau in search of freedom?

They were given refuge in the British Caribbean.

(Q037) The first legal treatise on the rights of free black Americans was written in 1838 by

William Yates, a white male abolitionist.

Overall, how did utopian societies and worldly communities perceive women?

Women needed to be treated as equals.

The organized abolitionist movement split into two wings in 1840, largely over

a dispute concerning the proper role of women in antislavery work.

What was the biggest fear of a slave of any age?

a family member being sold

(Q002) The American Colonization Society called for

a gradual end to slavery and the resettlement of blacks outside the United States.

Which of the following characterizes the practice of politics in America during the Age of Jackson?

a mass spectacle that served as a kind of public entertainment

(Q021) The nineteenth-century view that there should be an immediate end to slavery and incorporation of freed persons into the republic as equal citizens is called

abolitionism

(18) The idea of "perfectionism" was the view that

both individuals and society at large can be capable of indefinite improvement.

(Q030) The Tariff of 1816 protected goods produced in the United States, especially

cheap cotton textiles.

(Q030) The largest effort at educational institution building before the Civil War came in the movement to establish

common schools.

(Q036) Who assisted the Red Sticks led by Osceola against the Americans?

escaped slaves

Common schools

existed in every northern state by the time of the Civil War.

(Q015) "Slave patrols" were

farmers who kept a lookout for runaway slaves.

(Q003) Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

founding of American Colonization Society; American Anti-Slavery Society founded; Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin published

(Q027) Dorothea Dix, a Massachusetts school teacher, was the leading proponent of

more humane treatment of the insane.

Reform movements of the 1820s and 1830s

often drew inspiration from the Second Great Awakening's perfectionism outlook.

(Q012) Most slaves who arrived in the North as a means of escaping slavery did so

on their own initiative.

(Q012) The number of voluntary reform communities established in the decades before the Civil War that historians often call "utopian" communities--such as the Oneidan, Owenite, or Fourierist communities--numbered about

one hundred.

(Q017) Which of the following were institutional asylums built during the 1830s and 1840s?

orphanages for children without families

What was a voting requirement that all states except Rhode Island had eliminated by 1860?

owning property

(Q026) The 1836 "gag rule"

prohibited consideration of petitions calling for emancipation in the House of Representatives.

(Q027) By 1860, most states had eliminated ____________ from their voting requirements.

property requirements

(Q012) By the eve of the Civil War, free blacks in the South were allowed to own

property.

(Q014) In 1860, the largest economic investment in the United States was in

slaves.

(Q007) Compared to Brazil and the West Indies, involving hundreds or even thousands of slaves, revolts in the United States were

smaller and less frequent.

Free blacks in the United States

sometimes became wealthy enough to own slaves.

(Q038) Free blacks were regularly excluded from

steamships.

William Lloyd Garrison

suggested that the North dissolve the Union to free itself of any connection to slavery.

(Q023) Labor on rice plantations in South Carolina and Georgia was generally done by

task labor.

(Q017) John C. Calhoun of South Carolina considered this idea "the most false and dangerous of all political errors."

that all men are created equal and entitled to liberty

(Q016) President James Madison favored a system of national economic incentives for manufacturers, a protective tariff, a new national bank, and federal financing of roads and canals that came to be known as

the American System.

(Q028) At the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention in New York, Elizabeth Cady Stanton modeled theSeneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments on

the Declaration of Independence.

(Q035) Free blacks drew upon what political office to justify "birthright citizenship"?

the President

When considering slavery's geographic extent, the numbers held in bondage, and the institution's economic importance, what was the largest and most powerful slave society the modern world has known?

the U.S. South

(Q017) The Panic of 1819 was caused by

the land bubble burst and fallen prices.

(Q008) Paternalism meant

the master was the head of the system, including providing his slaves with protection and the right of care.

Under the Missouri Compromise of 1820,

the remaining Louisiana Purchase territory was divided into slave and free zones.

(Q009) The Second Middle Passage was

the slave trade from the older states to the Lower South.

(Q026) Giving a political office to someone based on party service is called

the spoils system.

(Q004) Perhaps the most powerful disciplinary weapon slaveholders possessed was

the threat of sale.

(Q021) When Thomas Jefferson wrote, "This momentous question, like a fire bell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror," he was referring to

the westward expansion of slavery.

The term "Era of Good Feelings" refers to the period of American history when

there seemed to be political harmony during the Monroe administration.

(Q019) The Era of Good Feelings was so-called because

they were years of one-party government.

Enslaved people's efforts to escape from slavery

undermined proslavery propaganda about contented slaves.

(Q024) The Old State House Bell became "The Liberty Bell"

when abolitionists adopted it as a symbol of their cause for abolishing slavery.

(Q020) Beginning in 1816, the American Colonization Society

wished both to abolish slavery and rid the nation of black people by sending American blacks to settle Africa.

(Q021) In the mid-1800s, few plantations had dedicated buildings for slave worship so most slaves

worshipped in secret or in biracial churches with white ministers.

(Q032) Which of the following statements is true regarding the Trail of Tears?

At least one-quarter of the Indians perished during the winter of 1838-1839.

Members of which one of the following groups were generally opposed to the temperance movement?

Catholics

(Q009) Andrew Jackson was the standard-bearer for which political party?

Democrats

(Q011) This first martyr of the antislavery movement was killed by a mob in Illinois while defending his press.

Elijah P. Lovejoy

(Q002) A significant theme of the Monroe Doctrine was that

European powers should refrain from further colonization in the Americas.

(Q031) Southern planters felt a community of interest with

Cuban and British slaveowners.

(Q003) Which of the following was a part of slavery's impact on the northern economy?

Profits from the cotton trade helped foster industrial development in the North.

(Q012) By 1825, Spain's once vast American empire had been reduced to Cuba and

Puerto Rico.

Why was slavery called a "peculiar institution" of the South?

It set the South apart from the North

The Dorr War

divided Rhode Islanders over the issue of expanding voting rights for white men.

Who founded the Shakers?

Ann Lee

(Q035) What two southern cities witnessed relatively prosperous free black communities develop in the 1800s?

Charleston and New Orleans

Which was the last tribe to put up resistance on the battlefield in the Old Northwest?

Sauk

(Q005) William Henry Harrison's presidency ended as he

died from pneumonia a month after taking office.

(Q003) Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

American System program; "Tariff of Abominations"; veto of Second Bank recharter

(Q033) In what southern city and state did Frederick Douglass toil as a slave?

Baltimore, Maryland

How did the crusade against slavery affect American understandings of citizenship?

It promoted the idea of birthright citizenship.

Which is true of paper money in America in the early nineteenth century?

It represented a promise to pay the bearer, on demand, a specific amount of gold or silver.

(Q034) Pet banks were created when

both houses of Congress approved the president's appointment for a new pet bank, which handled more gold and silver than paper money.

The House of Representatives' gag rule of 1836

convinced many northerners that slavery was incompatible with the democratic liberties of white Americans.

Which of the following did Horace Mann NOT propose as a goal of public schools?

create racial equality

In which role was a slave most likely to experience the harshest conditions?

doing fieldwork on a sugar plantation in southern Louisiana

(Q029) The American Tract Society, the American Bible Society, and other groups flooded these areas with copies of the gospel and pamphlets promoting religious virtue.

eastern cities and the western frontier

(Q024) In American slave culture, jumping over a broomstick was associated with which of the following acts?

marriage

(Q007) Which of the following was an area of public activism open to women during the 1830s and 1840s?

public meetings

(Q010) In the mid-1800s, this concept had replaced class as the boundary between those American men who were entitled to enjoy political freedom and those who were not.

race

(Q006) While owners attempted to prevent slaves from learning about the larger world, slaves created neighborhood networks, such as

ship pilots transmitting information.

(Q019) Henry "Box" Brown escaped slavery by

shipping himself in a crate from Georgia to the North.

(Q025) One of the greatest evils in American society, _________, at first appeared to attract the least attention from the reformers.

slavery

(Q001) Which of the following social reforms took place in American society before the Civil War?

the expansion of public education

(Q001) The "peculiar institution" of the South was

the issue of slavery

(Q011) The most influential African-American of the nineteenth century and the nation's leading advocate of racial equality was

Frederick Douglass.

(Q019) America's first black newspaper was called

Freedom's Journal

(Q027) Whose name is most often associated with the Underground Railroad?

Harriet Tubman

(Q014) Which statement is accurate regarding Brook Farm?

It required manual labor and intellectual pursuits by residents.

How did Latin American republics established between 1810 and 1822 differ from the United States?

Latin American constitutions extended the right to vote to Indians and free blacks.

(Q014) Which is true of Martin Van Buren's campaign for president?

Rather than being dangerous and divisive, he believed political parties were a necessary and desirable element of political life.

(Q004) Which of the following was a trend in American democracy during the 1820s and 1830s?

Selling candidates and their images was as important as the positions for which they stood.

(Q035) Which of the following tribes managed to keep part of its members in their traditional land of Florida?

Seminole

(Q004) Stretching from Maine to Kentucky, this was the most successful of the religious communities in the mid-1800s.

Shakers

(Q016) The region of the United States that came to be known as the "burned-over district" was

Upstate New York and northern Ohio.

(Q029) Which of the following is part of the generally accepted account of the 1822 conspiracy led by Denmark Vesey?

Vesey had purchased his freedom after winning the lottery.

(Q037) Who wrote the first significant autobiography of a Native American?

William Apess

Whose 1840 presidential campaign portrayed him as a common man who was born in a log cabin?

William Henry Harrison

(Q022) The Liberator, the abolitionist journal, was published in Boston in 1831 by

William Lloyd Garrison.

(Q025) As acts of self-empowerment, enslaved individuals often

abused livestock.

(Q013) "Complex marriage" at Oneida meant

any man and any woman could have sexual relations so long as the relationship was mutual and was recorded in a public record book.

(Q024) What percentage of the adult white male population in the United States could vote by 1840?

approximately 90 percent

Advocates for building asylums, prisons, poorhouses, and orphanages

believed that social ills once considered incurable could in fact be eliminated.

What colonial-era approach did institutions such as orphanages and poorhouses replace?

community- and family-based care for those in need

(Q013) By 1860, more than half of the United States' exports were in

cotton.

Which event is credited with helping to ingrain the paternalist ethos more deeply into the lives of southern slaveholders?

the closing of the African slave trade

In the Age of Jackson, Democrats typically believed that

the government should stay out of economic affairs.

(Q009) Which of the following was a movement Abby Kelley was associated with?

women's rights

(Q005) Blacks, free and slave, took part in the Great Awakening of the colonial area, and even more were swept into which southern religions during religious revivals into the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries?

Baptist and Methodist

(Q013) The man who was responsible for negotiating a treaty for the United States to acquire Florida from Spain, aided in an agreement with Great Britain to fix the Canadian-American border at the 49th parallel, and wrote a majority of the Monroe Doctrine was

John Quincy Adams.

(Q006) Why did Abby Kelly leave her infant to focus on lecturing?

She felt black mothers could not be with their babies because of slavery, so she worked toward abolitionism so that her child could be brought up in a "free" country.

(Q033) According to Pauline Davis in 1853, to emancipate women from "bondage," women must

go to work outside the home.

(Q022) In most Latin American nations, the end of slavery followed the pattern established earlier in the northern United States:

gradual emancipation accompanied by recognition of the owners' legal right to property in slaves.

(Q016) The Virginia writer George Fitzhugh believed that slaves

"of the South are the happiest, and in some degree, the freest people in the world."

(Q023) Between 1833 and 1840, about how many northerners joined abolitionist groups?

100,000

(Q008) Robert Owen's utopian society promoted this idea to allow workers to receive the full value of their labor.

communitarianism

The Panic of 1837

was caused, in part, by a decline in British demand for American cotton.

(Q031) In Johnson v. M'Intosh, the Supreme Court proclaimed that

Indians were not in fact owners of their land, but merely had a "right of occupancy."

(Q025) How did the Panic of 1819 shape American views of banks?

It fostered a major backlash of anti-bank sentiment.

Which is typical of slave religion in the first half of the nineteenth century?

It included both African traditions and Christian beliefs.

(Q029) The government-sponsored construction of roads and canals in the early 1800s later deemed unconstitutional was called

internal improvements.

(Q030) Nat Turner

led an 1831 slave uprising in Virginia, killing about sixty whites.

The slave rebellion aboard the Amistad

led to a Supreme Court decision freeing the slaves.

(Q001) The author of Democracy in America was

Alexis de Tocqueville, from France.