Chapter 11

what are the properties of ideal gases

An ideal gas consists of a large number of identical molecules. The volume occupied by the molecules themselves is negligible compared to the volume occupied by the gas. The molecules obey Newton's laws of motion, and they move in random motion. The molecules experience forces only during collisions; any collisions are completely elastic, and take a negligible amount of time.

n1/V1=n2/V2

Avogadro's Law formula

states that, "equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules". For a given mass of an ideal gas, the volume and amount (moles) of the gas are directly proportional if the temperature and pressure are constant.

Avogadro's law

P1V1 = P2V2

Boyle's law Formula

stating that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship, when temperature is held constant.

Boyles law

Vi/Ti = Vf/Tf

Charles law formula

that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of partial pressure of each individual gas present. Each gas is assumed to be an ideal gas.

Dalton's Law of partial pressure

P1 ÷ T1 = P2 ÷ T2

Gay-Lussac's Law formula

he Pressure Temperature Law. This law states that the pressure of a given amount of gas held at constant volume is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature. As the pressure goes up, the temperature also goes up, and vice-versa.

Gay-Lussac's law

PV = nRT

Ideal gas law formula

is an experimental gas law that describes how gases tend to expand when heated. A modern statement of ___ ___ is: When the pressure on a sample of a dry gas is held constant, the Kelvin temperature and the volume will be directly related. ... k is a constant.

charles law

volume and temperature are

directly proportional when increase temperature volume must increase

defined as one in which all collisions between atoms or molecules are perfectly eleastic and in which there are no intermolecular attractive forces. One can visualize it as a collection of perfectly hard spheres which collide but which otherwise do not interact with each other. In such a gas, all the internal energy is in the form of kinetic energy and any change in internal energy is accompanied by a change in temperature.

ideal gas

is the equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas. It is a good approximation to the behavior of many gases under many conditions, although it has several limitations. It was first stated by Émile Clapeyron in 1834 as a combination of the empirical Boyle's law, Charles' law and Avogadro's Law

ideal gas law

pressure and volume in Boyles law are

inversely proportional when one halves the other doulbes

volume of any gas measured at STP

is 22.41 L

s the volume occupied by one mole of any gas at STP.

molar volume

are standard sets of conditions for experimental measurements to be established to allow comparisons to be made between different sets of dat

standard conditions