Chapter 11

unconditioned positive regard

A caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which would help clients develop self-awareness and self-acceptance

B

A psychotherapist instructs Dane to relax, close his eyes, and state aloud whatever thoughts come to mind no matter how trivial or absurd. The therapist is using a technique known as a.) fixation b.) free association c.) projection d.) hypnosis

C

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates a.) stress inoculation training b.) aversive conditioning c.) exposure therapy d.) client-centered therapy

A

A therapist who helps patients search for the unconscious roots of their problem and offers interpretations of their behaviors, feelings, and dreams is drawing from a.) psychoanalysis b.) humanistic therapies c.) client-centered therapy d.) behavior therapy

Active listening

A therapist who restates and clarifies the client's statements is practicing __________.

C

A therapy in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to facilitate client's growth. a.) psychoanalytic therapy b.) psychodynamic therapy c.) client-oriented therapy d.) behavior therapy

D

A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli a.) implosive therapy b.) virtual reality exposure c.) humanistic therapy d.) systematic desensitization

virtual reality exposure

An anxiety treatment that progessively exposes people to electronic stimulation of their greatest fears

D

Ana is tired of being bullied at school. Therefore, she is having suicidal thoughts. What type of therapy would be best for her? a.) Behavior therapy b.) Cognitive therapy c.) Client-centered therapy d.) Cognitive-behavioral therapy

token economy

At a treatment center, people who display a desired behavior receive coins that they can later exchange for other rewards. This is an example of a(n) _________.

counter-conditioning

Behavior therapies often use __ techniques, such as systematic desensitization and aversive conditioning, to encourage clients to produce new responses to old stimuli.

A

Behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; including exposure therapies and aversive conditioning a.) counterconditioning b.) systematic desensitization c.) exposure therapies d.) implosive therapy

C

Believing that you can do it. a.) primary control b.) personal control c.) self-efficacy d.) self-motivation

A

Benny's mother tries to reduce his fear of sailing by giving her three-year-old his favorite candy as soon as she boards the boat. The mother's strategy best illustrates a.) counterconditioning b.) cognitive therapy c.) transference d.) interpersonal psychotherapy

B

Not wanting to talk about your mother might indicate what type of feeling? a.) free association b.) dream interpretation c.) resistance d.) transference

Conformation bias

Pay attention to the stuff that supports our own bias, and don't pay attention to those that don't support our bias.

C

Read the conversation below. Patient: I want to drop out of school because I have really bad grades and it is stressing me out. I will never get a good job. Therapist: So you are feeling upset that you are not performing well on your exams? Patient: Yes, no matter how hard I try, I still fail. Therapist: It sounds like you are very stressed out. This is an example of what type of therapy? a.) Psychoanalytic therapy b.) Psychodynamic therapy c.) Humanistic therapy d.) Behavior therapy

C

Read the conversation below. Patient: I feel sad. Therapist: What might be an example of that? Patient: I have no friends. Therapist: It sounds frustrating. This is an example of what type of therapy? a.) Psychoanalytic therapy b.) Psychodynamic therapy c.) Humanistic therapy d.) Behavior therapy

B

Read the conversation below. Therapist: Do you mean, then, that if you could, you would like to? Patient: Well, I don't know . . . Maybe I can't say it because I'm not sure it's true. Maybe I don't love her. This is an example of what type of therapy? a.) Psychoanalytic therapy b.) Psychodynamic therapy c.) Humanistic therapy d.) Behavior therapy

D

Studies show that ___ therapy is the most effective treatment for most psychological disorders. a.) behavior b.) humanistic c.) psychodynamic d.) no one type of

D

Cognitive therapy has been especially effective in treating a.) nail biting b.) phobias c.) alcohol use disorder d.) depression

D

Compared with psychoanalysts, humanistic therapists are more likely to emphasize a.) hidden or repressed feelings b.) childhood experiences c.) psychological disorders d.) self-fulfillment and growth

define; observe; intervene; test

Define the 4 step improvment process.

C

Empathetic understanding of the patient's subjective experiences is a major goal of a.) psychoanalysis b.) biomedical therapy c.) client-centered therapy d.) behavior therapy

C

Experiencing mental blocks when recalling childhood memories is an example of what? a.) free association b.) dream interpretation c.) resistance d.) transference

B

Exploring past relationships might help patients to understand the origin of their current difficulties. This is an example of what? a.) psychoanalytic theory b.) psychodynamic theory c.) humanistic theory d.) behavior theory

A

Exposing the individual to what they are afraid of without the uncodnitioned response, until it goes to extinction. This is what type of therapy? a.) implosive therapy b.) exposure therapy c.) systematic desensitization d.) virtual reality exposure

B

Exposure therapies and aversive conditioning are applications of ____________ conditioning. Token economies are an application of ________________ conditioning. a.) operant; classical b.) classical; operant

C

The goal of behavior therapy is to a.) identify and treat the underlying causes of the problem b.) improve learning and insight c.) eliminate the unwanted behavior d.) improve communication and social sensitivity

C

The idea of focusing on your first 6 years of life is what? a.) catharsis b.) transference c.) past d.) resistance

C

The most enthusiastic or optimistic view of the effectiveness of psychotherapy comes from a.) outcome research b.) randomized clinical trials c.) reports of clinicians and clients d.) a government study of treatment for depression

D

The technique of ______ teaches people to relax in the presence of progressively more anxiety-provoking stimuli. a.) counter-conditioning b.) implosive therapy c.) aversive conditioning d.) systematic desensitization

C

The therapeutic alliance refers to a.) the transference of feelings from earlier relationships to client-therapist interactions b.) a form of therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals c.) a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and a client d.) a program developed by the American Psychological Association to advance evidence-based practice

A

Therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction. a.) group therapy b.) family therapy c.) social therapy d.) self-help groups

B

Therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic traditions; views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight. This is an example of what? a.) psychoanalytic theory b.) psychodynamic theory c.) humanistic theory d.) behavior theory

D

Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

Therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individuals' unwanted behaviors as influence by, or directed at, other family members. a.) family therapy b.) group therapy c.) intrinsic therapy d.) exposure therapy

D

To help Adam reduce his fear of dogs, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and then simply imagine that he is walking toward a friendly and harmless little dog. The therapist's technique best illustrates a.) psychodynamic therapy b.) operant conditioning c.) free association d.) systematic desensitization

C

Training people to actively dispute their own self-defeating ideas best illustrates a.) psychoanalysis b.) behavior therapy c.) cognitive therapy d.) client-centered therapy

choice; competence; community

What are the 3 C's?

B

What consists of contingency management? a.) aversive conditioning b.) operant conditioning c.) systematic desensitization d.) implosive therapy

caring; observing; analyze; communication; health

What does coach stand for?

Marhsmallow test

What test was used to demonstrate that those who deny slef-gratification succeed more later in life.

C

What therapy focuses on man being innately good? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

D

What type of people focuses on the idea of only observables? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

What type of theory is focused on ego, superego, and Id? a.) psychoanalytic theory b.) psychodynamic theory c.) behavior theory d.) humanistic theory

A

What type of therapy assumes that behavior has underlying meaning? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

What type of therapy assumes that symptom reflects the underlying cause? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

What type of therapy can be helped with doodling? a.) psychoanalysis b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

What type of therapy consists of insight development? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

What type of therapy consists of rapport emphasis? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

D

What type of therapy consists of the general clincial approach? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

What type of therapy consists of the patient admitting incompetence? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

What type of therapy deals with diagnostic labeling? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

What type of therapy deals with symptom substitution? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

What type of therapy explains actions with hypothetical constructs? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

D

What type of therapy focues on placing blame on the environment? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

C

What type of therapy focuses on a client centered approach? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

C

What type of therapy focuses on exeperiences that you can't explain? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

C

What type of therapy focuses on one basic drive? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

D

What type of therapy focuses on the diea of diagnostic labeling? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

D

What type of therapy focuses on the idea of acting people into thinking differently? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

C

What type of therapy focuses on the idea of marathon groups? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

C

What type of therapy focuses on the idea of self concept? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

C

What type of therapy focuses on the idea of unconditional positive regard? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

C

What type of therapy focuses on the idea that a counselor can set the stage for true conversation? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

C

What type of therapy focuses on the idea that creativity is stifled by people? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

C

What type of therapy focuses on the idea that everybody sees the world differently? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

D

What type of therapy focuses on the idea that problem behaviors are on the surface? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

D

What type of therapy focuses on the idea that rapport is not necessary? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

D

What type of therapy focuses on the idea that you could be aware of why you are highly anxious on exams and still be anxious? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

D

What type of therapy focuses ont he idea that insight is not necessary? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

What type of therapy is focused on professionalism? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

A

What type of therapy places blame on disease? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

B

What type of therapy tries to change people's reactions by repeatedly exposing them to stimuli that trigger unwanted reactions? a.) humanistic b.) exposure c.) psychodynamic d.) psychoanalytic

D

What type of therapy utilizes behavior managers? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

C

When two-year-old Matthew was told he would not get dessert until he finished the food on his plate, he threw his plate on the floor in a temper tantrum. Freud would have suggested that Matthew was unable to resist the demands of his a.) Superego b.) Ego c.) Id d.) Oedipus complex

A

Which of the following alternative therapies has shown promise as an effective treatment? a.) light therapy b.) rebirthing therapy c.) recovered-memory therapists d.) energy therapies

A

Which of the following approaches to therapy would most likely involve efforts to understand an adult's psychological disorder by exploring that person's childhood experiences? a.) psychoanalysis b.) behavior therapy c.) humanistic therapy d.) cognitive therapy

A

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of group therapy? a.) more focused attention from the therapist b.) less expensive c.) social feedback d.) reassurance that others share troubles

B

Which of the following is not part of the humanistic theory. a.) paraphrase b.) recall c.) clarify d.) reflect

C

Which therapeutic technique focuses more on the present and future than the past, and involves unconditional positive regard and active listening? a.) Psychoanalytic therapy b.) psychodynamic therapy c.) humanistic therapy d.) behavioral therapy

B

Your mom treats nail biting by putting a nasty-tasting nail polish. a.) operant conditioning b.) aversive conditioning c.) systematic desensitization d.) implosive therapy

C

_______________________-______________therapy helps people to change their self-defeating ways of thinking and to act out those changes in their daily behavior. a.) cognitive b.) behavioal c.) cognitive-behavioral d.) humanistic

B

a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior a.) operant conditioning b.) aversive conditioning c.) systematic desensitization d.) implosive therapy

A

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking, based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions. a.) cognitive therapy b.) cognitive-behavior therapy c.) exposure therapy d.) instrinsic therapy

A

treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth a.) psycotherapy b.) behavior therapy c.) cognitive therapy d.) cognitive-behavior therapy

A

what type of therapy deals with thinking people into acting different? a.) psychoanalytic b.) psychodynamic c.) humanistic d.) behavior

B

Helps family members understand how their ways of relating to one another creates problems. a.) group therapy b.) family therapy c.) intrinsic therapy d.) exposure therapy

C

In a home for trouble youth, adolescents receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The adolescents return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch TV. This best illustrates a.) stress inoculation training b.) systematic desensitization c.) a token economy d.) virtual reality exposure therapy

B

In family therapy, the therapist assumes that a) Only one family member needs to change b) b.) each person's actions trigger reactions from other family members c) c.) dysfunctional family behaviors are based largely on genetic factors Therapy is most effective when clients are treated apart from the family unit

A

In psychoanalysis, when patients experience strong feelings for their therapist, this is called ____. Patients are said to demonstrate anxiety when they put up mental blocks around sensitive memories, indicating _____. The therapist will attempt to provide insight into the underlying anxiety by offering a(n) ________ of the mental blocks. a.) transference, resistant, interpretation b.) transference, interpretation, resistant c.) resistant, transference, interpretation d.) resistant, interpretation, transference

B

Instead of listening to what your roommate is saying, you are thinking about what you are going to say next. What is this an example of? a.) selective b.) pretend c.) attentive d.) ignore

C

Instead of seeing things the way that Fred sees the conflict, you see it your own way. This is an example of what? a.) empathetic b.) attentive c.) selective d.) pretend

C

Kayla is experiencing difficulties getting along with her sisters. Therefore, what type of therapy would be best for her? a.) Behavior therapy b.) Psychodynamic therapy c.) Group and family therapy d.) Cognitive therapy

palcebo effect

Knowing you have therapy, can make it seem like it works.

A

List the five listening lables in order of least to most important. a.) ignore; pretend; selective; attentive; empathetic b.) empathetic; attentive; selective; pretend; ignore c.) ignore; selective; pretend; attentive; empathetic d.) empathetic; attentive; pretend; selective; ignore

D

Love or hatred for a parent is an example of what? a.) free association b.) dream interpretation c.) resistance d.) transference