Chapter 11: Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells
The peak incidence for ALL occurs between
3 to 7 years old
The median age of presentation of AML
64 years
The average age of patients with CLL is
65 to 70 years
A 5-year-old patient's parents report loss of appetite and fatigue in their child. The parents also state that the child refuses to walk as a result of pain. The child's most likely diagnosis
ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)
Which type of leukemia primarily affects children
ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)
In general, the best prognosis for long-term disease-free survival occurs with
ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia) is highly curable in the pediatric population with an 85% survival rate in children
A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is
Bence Jones proteins in the urine
Which viruses have been implicated as cancer-causing agents? (Select all that apply.)
Epstein-Barr Human T-cell leukemia Human immunodeficiency
Burkitt lymphoma is most closely associated with
Epstein-Barr virus
A patient is diagnosed with CML (chronic myeloid leukemia). The patient may experience which of these symptoms? (Select all that apply.)
Fatigue Weight loss Abdominal discomfort Sweats
Enlarged cervical lymph nodes are seen more commonly in
Hodgkin disease
A patient is diagnosed with myeloma. The nurse teaches the patient about the multiple tumor sites that can develop with this cancer. The possible tumor sites in myeloma include the (Select all that apply.)
Liver Spleen Kidneys
Bence Jones protein
Multiple myeloma is also known to accumulate in the kidneys and cause kidney damage
Renal insufficiency is a common complication of which disease?
Myeloma
While in the hospital for management of acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), a patient develops severe thrombocytopenia. The most appropriate action for this condition is
activity restriction.
A patient is diagnosed with hairy cell leukemia. The patient's laboratory results would most likely indicate a decrease in (Select all that apply.)
granulocytes platelets melanocytes
The major cause of death from leukemic disease is
infection
The patient is a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). As part of treatment, the patient must undergo several weeks of chemotherapy. The most serious complication of chemotherapy is
infection
Asymptomatic onset is generally found with
CLL and is often found by accident on a routine blood count
\Which form of leukemia demonstrates the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome?
CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)
What is the correct definition of complete remission (CR) of leukemia?
CR is less than 5% blasts in marrow and normal CBC values. and be maintained for at least 4 weeks
Which group of clinical findings describes the typical presentation of ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)?
Pain in long bones, infection, fever, bruising
A patient is diagnosed with stage III non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is preparing to undergo treatment. Which treatments may be used to treat this patient's cancer? (Select all that apply.)
Radiation Bone marrow transplant Chemotherapy Monoclonal antibody therapy
The only known curative treatment for CML is allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from a suitable donor
T
Two of the most serious oncology emergencies associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma are obstruction of the superior vena cava and compression of the spinal cord
T Compression of the spinal cord is one of the two most serious oncology emergencies associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
CLL is associated with
T-cell transformation
NURSINGTB.COM Complete remission (CR) is
a return to normal hematopoiesis
The onset of symptoms of ALL is
abrupt and may begin when a child refuses to walk or begins to exhibit loss of appetite, fatigue, or abdominal pain
The patient is a 12-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Manifestations of the patient's leukemia prior to treatment may include (Select all that apply.)
anemia. leukocytosis thrombocytopenia
The Philadelphia chromosome is a balanced chromosome translocation that forms a new gene called
bcr-abl.
Average onset of CML is
between 40 to 50 years
NURSINGTB.COM The majority of CML cases are characterized by
malignant granulocytes that carry the Philadelphia chromosome
A 58-year-old woman is seen in the clinic for reports of severe back pain. Her chest x-ray demonstrates generalized bone demineralization and compression fracture. Blood studies demonstrate elevated calcium levels. The most likely diagnosis is
myeloma
A patient is diagnosed with stage IIA Hodgkin disease. This patient's clinical stage was most likely determined by (Select all that apply.)
patient history CT scan physical examination
allogeneic transplant
person giving bone marrow or stem cells is genetically matched family member (usually brother or sister)
Vertebral fractures, elevated calcium levels, and bone pain are more frequently associated with
plasma cell myeloma.
Autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which
stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient.
ALL is manifested by
the malignant transformation of B cells and some T cells