Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System

Blood exits the left ventricle in which of the following blood vessels? - Coronary arteries - Pulmonary trunk - Pulmonary vein - Aorta

- Aorta

Perfect blood pressure

120/80

Cardiac output (CO)

Amount of blood pumped by each side (ventricle) of the heart in 1 minute

Blood exits the left ventricle in which of the following blood vessels? - Pulmonary trunk - Superior vena cava - Coronary arteries - Aorta - Pulmonary vein

Aorta

Which of the following do/does not ultimately drain into the inferior vena cava (IVC)? - Basilic vein - Common iliac veins - Great saphenous vein - Hepatic veins

Basilic vein

Systolic

Blood pressure in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles.

Which of the following does NOT aid the return of venous blood to the heart from the lower extremities? - Gravity - Valves in veins - Muscular "pump" - The respiratory "pump"

Gravity

Regarding homeostatic relationships between the cardiovascular system and other body systems, which of the following picks up leaked fluid and plasma proteins, and returns them to the cardiovascular system? - Lymphatic system - Endocrine system - Respiratory system - Urinary system

Lymphatic system

Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygen-rich blood? - Inferior vena cava - Pulmonary trunk - Pulmonary veins - Coronary sinus

Pulmonary veins

The correct sequence of parts that carry cardiac impulses is ____________. - SA Node, Purkinje fibers, AV Node, Atrioventricular bundle - AV Node, Atrioventricular bundle, Purkinje fibers, SA Node - SA Node, AV Node, Atrioventricular bundle, Purkinje fibers - AV Node, SA Node, Purkinje fibers, Atrioventricular bundle

SA Node, AV Node, Atrioventricular bundle, Purkinje fibers

Which of the following is NOT true during ventricular systole? - AV valve close - Semilunar valve close - Intraventricular pressure rises - The atria are relaxed

Semilunar valve close

Which of the following is NOT true during ventricular systole? - Intraventricular pressure rises. - Chordae tendineae prevent AV valve flaps from everting into the atria. - Semilunar valves close. - AV valves close. - The atria are relaxed.

Semilunar valves close.

Which of the following would NOT cause an increase in the heart rate? - Exercise - Stimulation of the vagus nerve - Release of epinephrine into the blood - Sympathetic stimulation

Stimulation of the vagus nerve

What portion of the ECG indicates ventricular repolarization? - P wave - QRS complex - R spike - T wave

T wave

Compared to an artery, the wall of a vein differs in which of the following ways? - It consists of three coats called tunics - It contains smooth muscle - The middle tunic is thin - It is lined by a thin layer of endothelium

The middle tunic is thin

Exercise increases the demand for blood to supply active skeletal muscle. This increased demand is met by all EXCEPT which of the following? - Increased venous return - Increased stroke volume - Vasoconstriction of arteries to skeletal muscle - Increased heart rate

Vasoconstriction of arteries to skeletal muscle

Stroke volume (SV)

Volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one contraction (each heartbeat)

Which of the following would NOT lead to an increase in cardiac output? - An increase in heart rate - an increase in stroke volume - a decrease in venous return - release of epinephrine into the bloodstream

a decrease in venous return

Blood leaves the left ventricle through an artery known as the ________. - pulmonary trunk - aorta - coronary sinus - superior vena cava

aorta

What is the largest artery in the body? - common carotid artery - brachiocephalic artery - pulmonary trunk - aorta

aorta

The walls of _______ are usually much thicker than the walls of _______. - veins; arteries - capillaries; valves - capillaries; arteries - arteries; veins

arteries; veins

When listening to the heart, the "lub" is the _____________ valves snapping shut and the "dup" sound occurs when the _____________ valves close at the end of systole. - atrioventricular; semilunar - aortic; pulmonary - semilunar; atrioventricular - tricuspid bicuspid

atrioventricular; semilunar

The product of the stroke volume and the heart rate is known as the ________________. - cardiac output - blood pressure - microcirculation - Starling's law

cardiac output

The _____________ anchor the flaps of the valves to the walls of the ventricles. - semilunar valves - chordae tendineae - coronary sinuses - coronary sulci

chordae tendineae

Systole

contraction

Blood that nourishes the heart is provided by the right and left _______. - carotid arteries - coronary sinus - coronary arteries - cardiac veins

coronary arteries

Blood that nourishes the heart is provided by the right and left _______. - coronary sinus - coronary arteries - cardiac veins - atria

coronary arteries

Pericardium

covering of the heart

During fetal existence, the ____ connects the pulmonary trunk to the aorta, allowing blood to bypass the fetal lungs (which are nonfunctional). - foramen ovale - ductus venosus - umbilical artery - ductus arteriosus

ductus arteriosus

The heart has _______ chambers and works as a _______ pump. - four, double - two, double - four, single - two, single

four, double

Distolic

heart relaxation between contractions,period of dilation.Lower pressure,ventrical.

You are not an athlete and you are not physically fit. If you suddenly partake in physical exercise, the increased demands of such vigorous exercise on your body are met primarily by _______. - all of the above - increased stroke volume - increased blood volume - increased heart rate and blood volume - increased heart rate

increased heart rate

The ____________ side of the heart is the systemic circuit pump and the ____________ side of the heart is the pulmonary circuit pump. - posterior; anterior - right; left - left; right - anterior; posterior

left; right

Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the __________. - digestive organs - body - brain - lungs - skin

lungs

The heart is located in the inferior __________ with its ____________ pointed toward the left hip. - mediastinum; base - mediastinum; great vessels - None of these answers are correct - mediastinum; apex

mediastinum; apex

At the arterial end of a capillary, blood pressure is ___________ than osmotic pressure, and fluid flows ______________ the capillary. - less; into - more; into - less; out of - more; out of

more; out of

The layer of the heart that actually contracts is the _______. - pericardium - epicardium - myocardium - serous pericardium

myocardium

The umbilical vein carries/passes ____________. - metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the fetus to the placenta - from the navel directly into the inferior vena cava - oxygen and foods from the placenta to the fetus - oxygen and food from the fetus to the placenta

oxygen and foods from the placenta to the fetus

What is the function of the heart valves? - allows blood to flow from one chamber to the next - synchronizes blood flow through chambers on each side of the heart - regulates blood pressure in the chambers of the heart - prevents backflow of blood

prevents backflow of blood

Which vessels return oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart? - pulmonary arteries - aorta - pulmonary veins - superior vena cava - inferior vena cava

pulmonary veins

Tachycardia

rapid heart rate, over 100 beats per minute

Diastole

relaxation

Which of the following is often called the pacemaker of the heart? - atrioventricular (AV) node - Purkinje fibers - atrioventricular (AV) bundle (bundle of His) - sinoatrial (SA) node

sinoatrial (SA) node

Large veins have ________ to prevent the backflow of blood. - shunts - sphincters - valves - tunics

valves

Which is the correct order of events regarding operation of the atrioventricular (AV) valves?1 - Ventricles contract, forcing blood against AV flaps.2 - As the ventricles fill, AV flaps hang limply into ventricles.3 - Blood returning to the atria puts pressure against AV valves, forcing them open.4 - Chordae tendineae tighten, preventing valve flaps from everting into the atria.5 - AV valves close.6 - Atria contract, forcing additional blood into ventricles. - 4-5-1-6-2-3 - 3-6-2-5-1-4 - 3-2-6-1-5-4 - 3-6-2-1-5-4 - 3-2-6-5-1-4

3-2-6-1-5-4

The normal resting heart rate is about ______ times per minute. - 75 - 35 - 105 - 50

75

What unique feature connects the anterior and posterior blood supplies of the brain, providing more than one route for blood to reach brain tissue in a given area? - Coronary circulation - Hepatic portal circulation - Circle of Willis - Ductus arteriosus - Bundle branches

Circle of Willis

What unique feature connects the anterior and posterior blood supplies of the brain, providing more than one route for blood to reach brain tissue in a given area? - Ductus arteriosus - Circle of Willis - Coronary circulation - Bundle branches

Circle of Willis

The tiny mass of cells that forms the pacemaker of the heart is called the _______. - AV node - bundle of His - sinoatrial node - Purkinje fibers

sinoatrial node

The tiny mass of cells that forms the pacemaker of the heart is called the _______. - sinoatrial node - bundle of His - Perkinje fibers - atrioventricular (AV) node

sinoatrial node

Bradycardia

slow heart rate, less than 60 beats per minutes

What term refers to the contraction of the heart? - diastole - stroke volume (SV) - systole - cardiac cycle

systole

Most simply stated, the major function of the cardiovascular system is _______. - expiration - secretion - transportation - excretion

transportation

Through which valve will blood flow when leaving the right atrium? - tricuspid valve - pulmonary semilunar valve - aortic semilunar valve - bicuspid valve

tricuspid valve