Chapter 12

We are least likely to observe boys and girls playing together:

After age 3.

A hospital interviewing nurses hires forty percent of the female applicants and only twenty percent of the equally qualified male applicants. This represents:

Discrimination.

You know your friends are each unique and special but view college professors as all very similar. This is an example of:

Outgroup homogeneity.

A teacher gives boys and girls a test of their ability to recognize emotions in pictures of faces. The teacher tells the boys that males usually do poorly at such tests and females tend to excel. When the males in fact do poorly, it could be due to:

Stereotype threat.

In the affect, behavior, cognition model, discrimination is:

A behavior.

_____________ is a personality trait that refers to the tendency to see and to accept inequality among different groups.

Social dominance orientation

Professor Jones believes that college football players are not serious students and he expects them to do poorly in his classes. Jack is a football player in Prof. Jones' class. Prof. Jones tends not to call on Jack when he raises his hand. Prof. Jones also tends not to give much feedback on Jack's written work. As a result, Jack disengages from the class and puts less effort into his studies. This process can be described as....

A self-fulfilling prophecy

A male gets more leadership opportunities and cooperation than a similarly qualified woman, because people believe being male makes him a better leader. When he outperforms the woman, this is:

A self-fulfilling prophecy.

In the affect, behavior, cognition model, a prejudice is:

An affect.

Which of the following is NOT true about social categorization?

Categorization leads to better understanding of individuals within a particular outgroup.

Which of the following is NOT true about social categorization?

Categorizing people into groups uses up more cognitive resources than considering them as individuals.

Political conservatives typically:

Have less other-concern than political liberals, are less comfortable with ambiguity, and are more conventional.

Going to lunch at a new school, a student notices certain kinds of people sit together. One table is occupied by nerds; another by the drama club kids; and another by motorheads. The new student is engaged in:

Social categorization.

A person grew up in Denver and likes the local football team. At an airport, they see one person wearing their team colors and another person wearing an opposing teams colors. When they have positive feelings about the first person and negative feelings about the second, the Denver native has shown:

Ingroup favoritism.

Which group is most likely to show ingroup favoritism?

Political conservatives.

A student sees their new professor is much older than average. The student immediately feels disappointment and anxiety. This affect is:

Prejudice

Authoritarian thinkers prefer:

Simplicity.

Outgroup homogeneity means:

The tendency to view members of a given outgroup as less diverse than members of our ingroup.

Two groups who dislike each other have a problem neither group can solve alone. After working together on their problem, the interdependence theory suggests:

They will like each other more.

In a college town, there has been long-brewing tension between the residents of the town and the students at the college. One winter day, there is a massive blackout that lasts several days. Everyone in town, residents and college students alike, must work together to make sure that there is sufficient access to food and that everyone is able to stay warm. Ultimately, this situation improves relations between the residents and the students. This story shows the power of _______ to reduce intergroup hostility.

superordinate goals