Chapter 12 Criminal Justice II Study Guide

If an offender on probation fails to report a change of address, this constitutes a ________________ A. Technical violation B. New criminal offense C. Status offense D. Felony violation

A. Technical violation

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic roles of the parole board? A. To determine for how long the offender will go back to prison if a violation occurs B. To decide which offenders should be placed on parole C. To determine the conditions of parole and aid in the continuing supervision of the parolee D. To discharge the offender when the conditions of parole have been met

A. To determine for how long the offender will go back to prison if a violation occurs

African Americans make up a higher percentage of the national probation population than the general population A. True B. False

A. True

If probation rules were taken seriously, very few probationers would complete their terms without violation A. True B. False

A. True

Intermediate sanctions are often combined with imprisonment and probation A. True B. False

A. True

Judges have a great deal of discretion to determine the terms under which probation may be revoked. A. True B. False

A. True

Policy makers are replying on community corrections to decrease the costs associated with corrections A. True B. False

A. True

Reintegration has a theoretical basis in the rehabilitative theories of punishment A. True B. False

A. True

Those who cannot afford to pay for electronic monitoring may not be eligible for it. A. True B. False

A. True

Which of the followings, if true of an offender, is likely to be a reason for probation to be denied? A. Being immature B. Being addicted to narcotics C. Not having stable employment D. Being illiterate

B. Being addicted to narcotics

Which of the following is a retrial diversion program? A. Problem-solving Court B. Drug court C. Boot camp D. Probation hearing

B. Drug court

A criticism of intensive supervision probation is that allows offenders to "network" with others with a criminal histories A. True B. False

B. False

A suspended sentence involves sentencing an offender to a short amount of jail, to be followed by a period of probation. A. True B. False

B. False

According to United States v. Knights (2001), probation officers may not search a probationer's home without probable cause or a warrant A. True B. False

B. False

All convicts are eligible for parole A. True B. False

B. False

Offenders who have been convicted a felony offense are not eligible for probation A. True B. False

B. False

Only about three out of ten probationers complete their terms successfully A. True B. False

B. False

The most restrictive level of home monitoring is home detention A. True B. False

B. False

Policy makers recently have been focusing on _____________ to keep those who violate the terms of their probation out jail or prison A. Immediate rewards B. Graduated sanctions C. Probation revocation D. Preliminary sanctions

B. Graduated sanctions

_____________ requires that the offender be at home except for education, employment, and counseling A. Work release B. Home detention C. Home incarceration D. Curfew

B. Home detention

When the judge sentences an offender to a specific amount of time in jail, followed by a period of probation, this is known as __________. A. A suspended sentence B. Shock incarceration C. Intermittent incarceration D. A split sentence

D. A split sentence

Which of the following is likely to be a characteristic of a probationer? A. A first-time offender B. Convicted of a violent crime C. Previously spent significant time in prison D. All of these are correct

A. A first-time offender

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for recidivism among probationers? A. Age B. Social supports for crime C. Antisocial personality patterns D. Pro-criminal attitudes

A. Age

Which of the following is NOT one of the concepts on which parole is based? A. Authority B. Grace C. Contract of consent D. Custody

A. Authority

____________ is a process by which the government seizes property gained from or used in criminal activity. A. Forfeiture B. Restitution C. Seizure D. Day fines

A. Forfeiture

An offender is likely to be denied probation for all of the following, EXCEPT A. He or she has been convicted of a felony B. He or she is addicted to narcotics C. A weapon was used in the commission of the crime D. The offender was already on probation at the time of the arrest

A. He or she has been convicted of a felony

Which of the following is NOT a justification that has been made for community-based corrections? A. It satisfies the correctional goal of retribution B. It assists offenders in reintegration C. It diverts offenders from prison D. It presents low-cost alternative to incarceration

A. It satisfies the correctional goal of retribution

Conditions of probation are established by a: A. Judge B. Prosecutor C. Jury D. Probation officer

A. Judge

If Katie would have received a prison sentence she would have been eligible for which of the following options? A. Parole B. Home detention C. Curfew D. Boot camp

A. Parole

____________ is a form of early release from prison determined by a parole authority. A. Parole B. Home monitoring C. Probation D. Curfew

A. Parole

If convicted to a prison sentence, Katie will not be eligible for what type of sanction? A. Probation B. Parole C. Shock incarceration D. All of the above

A. Probation

Which of the following is a standard condition of parole? A. Remaining employed B. Drug testing C. Fines D. Community service

A. Remaining employed

The two roles that probation officers fulfill are: A. Supervisory and investigatory B. Supervisory and rehabilitative C. Rehabilitative and investigatory D. Rehabilitative and reintegrative

A. Supervisory and investigatory

In which of the following cases did the U.S. Supreme Court establish a three-stage procedure to protect the limited due process rights of probationers during revocation hearings? A. Greenholtz v. Inmates of the Nebraska Penal and Correctional Complex (1979) B. Morrissey v. Brewer (1972) C. Mempa v. Rhay (1967) D. Griffin v. Wisconsin (1987)

B. Morrissey v. Brewer

Which of the following is NOT s criticism that has been made of home confinement programs? A. This form of intermediate sanction may also cause problems in the personal and financial lives of offenders B. Recidivism rates for offenders in home confinement programs are higher than that for offenders sentenced to traditional probation C. Offenders are expected to defray program costs, limiting this sentencing option to offenders who can afford the associated fees D. Devices make job interviews awkward

B. Recidivism rates for offenders in home confinement programs are higher than that for offenders sentenced to traditional probation

Boot camps are a form of: A. Pretoria diversion B. Shock incarceration C. Intensive probation supervision D. Split sentence

B. Shock incarceration

In which of the following cases is an offender given a sentence but not required to begin serving it immediately A. Probation B. Suspended sentence C. Split sentence D. Home incarceration

B. Suspended sentence

The sentence handed down at a probation revocation hearing its determined by: A. The probation officer B. A panel of probation administrators C. A judge as a "neutral and detached" body D. A mediator appointed by the court

C. A judge as a "neutral and detached" body

Day reporting centers were first used in: A. Norway B. France C. Great Britain D. Australia

C. Great Britain

Which intermediate sanction requires offenders to remain nine at all times, except for medical emergencies? A. Electronic monitoring B. Home detention C. Home incarceration D. Home monitoring

C. Home incarceration

Programs that allow offenders to spend a portion of each week incarcerated are called: A. Shock incarceration programs B. Split sentence programs C. Intermittent sentence programs D. Home confinement programs

C. Intermittent sentence programs

Probation is basically an "arrangement" between the offender and the: A. Victim B. Arresting authority C. Legislative authority D. Sentencing authority

C. Legislative authority

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court hold that probationers are entitled to an attorney during the revocation process? A. Gagmon v. Scarpelli (1973) B. Morrissey v. Brewer (1972) C. Mempa v. Rhay (1967) D. Griffin v. Wisconsin

C. Mempa v. Rhay (1967)

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court hold that a meeting between a probation officer and a probationer does not equal custody and, therefore, the Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination does not apply? A. United States v. Knights (2001) B. Bennis v. Michigan (1996) C. Minnesota v. Murphy (1984) D. Ex parte United States (1916)

C. Minnesota v. Murphy

Which of the following is NOT an intermediate sanction? A. Fines B. Restitution C. Parole D. Forfeiture

C. Parole

In the first stage of the revocation hearing, the parole authorities determine whether there is: A. Proof beyond a reasonable doubt that a violation occurred B. Reasonable suspicion that a violation occurred C. Probable cause that a violation occurred D. Sufficient cause that a violation occurred

C. Probable cause that a violation occurred

The most common form of punishment in the United States is: A. Parole B. Incarceration C. Probation D. Community service

C. Probation

Which of the following is NOT likely to be a reason for denial of probation? A. The offender is convicted on multiple charges B. The offender is addicted to narcotics C. The offender committed a crime under the influence of alcohol D. The offender seriously injured the victim of the crime

C. The offender committed a crime under the influence of alcohol

Probation conditions that are intended to reverse patterns of self-destructive behavior are _____________ conditions. A. Standard B. Punitive C. Treatment D. Procedural

C. Treatment

Today, home monitoring programs are offered by: A. The federal government and all states except Ohio and Michigan B. The federal government and all states except New Mexico and Texas C. All fifty states but no the federal government D. All fifty states and the federal government

D. All fifty states and the federal government

Which of the following is NOT a standard condition of parole? A. Staying within a certain area B. Not possessing firearms or weapons C. Not breaking any state or local laws D. Carrying out community service

D. Carrying out community service

_________________ requires that the offender be at home during specified hours A. Work release B. Probation C. Parole D. Curfew

D. Curfew

The purpose of probation is ________________________ A. Punishment of the probationer and protection of the community B. Punishment of the probationer and reintegration into the community C. Rehabilitation of the probationer and reintegration into the community D. Rehabilitation of the probationer and protection of the community

D. Rehabilitation of the probationer and protection of the community

Judge Klaus rejected the plea agreement. According to the text, what factor was the most important to Judge Klaus in his sentencing decision? A. Katie's age B. Katie's blood alcohol level C. Katie's prior record of DUI offenses D. That it was a deterrable crime

D. That it was a deterrable crime

The ideal probation officer-offender relationship is based on A. Loyalty B. Authority C. Power D. Trust

D. Trust