Chapter 12 Food Production and the Environment

Even with enough calories, chronic malnutrition can lead to:

- compromised mental development - increased susceptibility to nonfatal infectious disease - stunted growth

Characteristics associated with advantages of aquaculture would include which of the following?

- high yield in a small volume of water - low use of fossil fuel sources

What are the layers of soil in which most of the humus and soil organisms are contained?

- leaf litter - topsoil

A chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide that bio-magnifies in the food chain and caused the decline of bird populations as published by Rachael Carson in "Silent Spring".

DDTs

Methane released from meat production practices is a connection between what other major environmental problem?

air pollution

Growing crops between rows of trees.

alley cropping

Creates oxygen-demand waste in waterway systems from manure run-off.

animal feed lots

Based on the graph, which of the following statements is correct? (refer to graph)

aquaculture has risen in the past decade while world fish catches per person have started to level off the last 5 years

Destroys mangrove systems and estuaries to provide space needed.

auquaculture

All of the following are examples of alternatives to the use of pesticides EXCEPT:

boomerang effect

Which of the following genetically modified crops and foods may be a benefit to the grower, but increases negative ecological impacts?

can create herbicide-resistant weed populations

Which is NOT a health problem associated with over-nutrition?

compromised mental development

After growing a carbohydrate rich grain that uses soil nitrogen immediately growing a nitrogen-fixing plant like a legume to protect and rejuvenate the topsoil.

cover crops

Growing plants by exposing the roots to nutrient rich water instead of soil.

hydroponics

dangerous strains of disease organisms can develop from which of the following agricultural practices?

incorporating antibiotics into the feeding regimens of densely populated livestock

Which of the following is not associated with the green revolutions?

increase in crop rotation between harvesting

Which of the following is LEAST likely to alleviate desertification problems?

increased use of industrialized high input monoculture

An ecological control to pests that uses a mix of cultivation, biological, and chemical practices.

integrated pest management

Deficiencies in protein and other key nutrients is known as:

malnutrition

The factor that indicates the GREATEST cause of malnutrition and hunger is:

poverty

In 1996, Congress passed the Food Quality Protection Act. Which of the following best describes the intent of this act?

the Act was intended to assess the health risks of the active ingredients in pesticides

Which statement concerning soil erosion is INCORRECT?

the loss of topsoil increases the soils ability to store nutrients

Which of the following is true of farm-raised salmon?

they are often infested with parasites and sea lice

Which of the following is the correct listing of the three food sources that provide more than half of the world's caloric intake?

wheat, rice, corn

In 1970 global fish catch for a small coastal New England community was 290 tons; in 1990 it was 300 tons. What was the percent increase in fish catch?

~ 3.5%