Chapter 12 Multiple Choice ABDOMEN

The ___________ passes through a groove posterior to the pancreatic head. a. Common bile duct b. Gastroduodenal artery c. Hepatic duct d. Superior mesenteric vein

a. Common bile duct

The main pancreatic duct joins the __________ before entering the second part of the duodenum. a. Common bile duct b. Duct of Santolina c. Cystic duct d. Accessory duct

a. Common bile duct

A condition that causes increased secretion of abnormal mucus by the exocrine glands is: a. Cystic fibrosis b. Fibrocystic disease of the pancreas c. Diabetes d. Cystic mucosal disease

a. Cystic fibrosis

An older man with a history of alcoholism is recently diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. His hematocrit and hypotension levels are decreased. Your differential diagnosis includes: a. Hemorrhagic pancreatitis b. Cholecystitis c. Pseudocyst d. Chronic pancreatitis

a. Hemorrhagic pancreatitis

The splenic artery is considered to be along the _________________ border of the pancreas. a. Superior b. Lateral c. Anterior d. Inferior posterior

a. Superior

The normal size of the pancreatic duct is less than _____ mm. a. 1 b. 2 c. 5 d. 6

b. 2

A patient with painless jaundice, weight loss, and a decrease in appetite should be evaluated for: a. Cholecystitis b. Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas c. Pancreatitis d. Pancreatic pseudocyst

b. Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas

The tail of the pancreas is located: a. Posterior to the left kidney, near the splenic hilum b. Anterior to the left kidney, near the splenic hilum c. Posterior to the right kidney, near the liver hilum d. Anterior to the right kidney, near the liver hilum

b. Anterior to the left kidney, near the splenic hilum

The head of the pancreas is inferior to the _____________ of the liver: a. Right lobe b. Caudate lobe c. Right lateral fissure d. Left lateral fissure

b. Caudate lobe

Which one of the following structures is located in the anterolateral border of the pancreas? a. Common bile duct b. Gastroduodenal artery c. Hepatic duct d. Superior mesenteric vein

b. Gastroduodenal artery

The microscopic collection of cells within the tissues of the pancreas is called? a. Glucagon cells b. Islets of Langerhans c. Insulin d. Amylase cells

b. Islets of Langerhans

Clinical signs and symptoms in acute pancreatitis include all of the following except: a. Severe abdominal pain radiating to the back b. Severe abdominal pain radiating to the right shoulder c. Elevated amylase d. Nausea and vomiting

b. Severe abdominal pain radiating to the right shoulder

Which one of the following veins courses in a sagittal plane and passes posterior to the neck of the pancreas? a. Splenic b. Superior mesenteric c. Inferior mesenteric d. Main portal

b. Superior mesenteric

What vessel runs posterior to the lower neck of the pancreas and anterior to the uncinate process? a. Splenic vein b. Superior mesenteric vein c. Gastroduodenal artery d. Hepatic artery

b. Superior mesenteric vein

Which one of the following statements is false? a. The head of the pancreas is anterior to the inferior vena cava (IVC). b. The head of the pancreas is superior to the caudate lobe. c. The uncinate process is posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels. d. The gastroduodenal artery is the anterolateral border of the head.

b. The head of the pancreas is superior to the caudate lobe.

A serum _____ level of twice normal usually indicates acute pancreatitis. a. lipase b. amylase c. alkaline phosphatase d. aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

b. amylase

The normal dimension of the pancreatic head is usually less than ___________. a. 3 mm b. 2 cm c. 2.4 cm d. 1 cm

c. 2.4 cm

The duct of Santorini is a(n): a. Small accessory duct to the gallbladder b. Accessory duct to the cystic duct c. Accessory duct to the pancreas d. Small opening in the duodenum

c. Accessory duct to the pancreas

A most common cause of acute pancreatitis in the United States is: a. Colitis b. Alcohol intake c. Biliary tract disease d. Pancreatic malignancy

c. Biliary tract disease

If the celiac axis is well visualized, the sonographer should move the transducer in the __________ direction to image the pancreas? a. Superior b. Anterior c. Inferior d. Posterior

c. Inferior

A common course of enzyme destruction via the pancreas is the accumulation in the: a. Greater omentum b. Lesser omentum c. Lesser sac d. Greater sac

c. Lesser sac

The head of the pancreas lies: a. Anterior to the liver b. Posterior to the aorta c. Medial to the duodenum d. Lateral to the inferior vena cava

c. Medial to the duodenum

The splenic vein courses along the ____________________ of the pancreas. a. Anterior border b. Along the superior border c. Posteromedial border d. Inferior posterior border

c. Posteromedial border

The majority of the pancreas lies within which abdominal cavity? a. Perineum b. Intraperitoneum c. Retroperitoneum d. Pericardium

c. Retroperitoneum

Gallstones are present in 40% to 60% of patients with: a. Chronic pancreatitis b. Annular pancreas c. Cystic fibrosis d. Acute pancreatitis

d. Acute pancreatitis

The persistence of the dorsal and ventral pancreas with the head encircling the duodenum is called: a. Hypoplasia b. Cystic fibrosis c. Agenesis d. Annular pancreas

d. Annular pancreas

The pancreas is reflective in its sonographic appearance because of the multiple: a. Islets of Langerhans b. Cooper ligaments c. Small glands or acini d. Fat between the lobules

d. Fat between the lobules

In cases of acute pancreatitis, the parenchyma of the pancreas generally appears: a. Homogeneous b. Echogenic c. Calcified d. Hypoechoic

d. Hypoechoic

The pancreas is found behind the ___________ omental sac. a. Greater b. Inferior c. Superior d. Lesser

d. Lesser

The primary pancreatic duct is the duct of ______________. a. Santorini b. Ampulla c. Vater d. Wirsung

d. Wirsung