Chapter 12 Quiz

In the context of depression, which of the following statements is an example of an unstable attribution of failure?

"I was too sick to do it."

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies obsessive-compulsive disorder?

A mother is constantly troubled by unwanted thoughts of accidentally hurting her baby.

A phobia is not an irrational, excessive fear.

False

Which psychological disorder is characterized by loss of appetite, slowness in motor activity and thought, impaired reality testing, suicidal thinking, and a "don't care anymore" attitude?

Major depressive disorder

______________is characterized by a rapid heart rate and feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a very shocking or painful experience.

Posttraumatic stress disorder

Which of the following is a difference between posttraumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder?

Posttraumatic stress disorder can occur six months or more after a traumatic event and tends to persist, while acute stress disorder occurs within a month of the event and lasts from two days to four weeks.

_________ is characterized by peculiarities of thought, perception, or behavior, such as excessive fantasy and suspiciousness, feelings of being unreal, or the odd use of words.

Schizotypal personality disorder

Which of the following is a difference between specific phobias and generalized anxiety disorder?

Specific phobias are triggered by particular objects, while generalized anxiety disorder is free floating.

Which of the following statements is true of schizophrenia?

The mothers of many who grew up to have schizophrenia had the flu during the sixth or seventh month of their pregnancies.

According to the text, the neurotransmitter associated with depression is serotonin.

True

Manic people may have grand delusional schemes and show rapid flight of ideas.

True

The diathesis-stress model assumes that there may be biological differences between individuals that explain why some people develop certain psychological disorders under pressure, whereas others do not..

True

The psychotic disorder known as catatonic is characterized by impaired motor activity and waxy flexibility.

True

Charles, a 28-year-old man, spends almost all his time at home. Whenever he does go out, he always ensures that he is never alone. He also finds it difficult to hold a job. In this scenario, Charles is most likely suffering from _____.

agoraphobia

All of the following are symptoms of borderline personality disorder EXCEPT

being a loner

Ann has not been able to sleep well for the past few days. She is quite restless, and she often jumps from one topic to the other while talking. She feels extremely happy at times and spends all her money on expensive clothes. At other times, she feels depressed and refuses to go out. She also argues with her parents if they question her. Given the information, Ann is most likely suffering from _____.

bipolar disorder

Vicki has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. While watching her favorite television programs, she believes that the actors are sending her coded messages about her future. In this case, Vicki is experiencing _____.

delusions of reference

Liz is a thirty-year-old fashion designer. For the past several months, Liz has been feeling an increased sense of detachment from the world around her. She feels that the world is unreal and says that going through life is like "walking through a dream." While she is aware of what is happening around her, she feels that she is separated from the rest of the world by an invisible barrier. In this scenario, Liz is suffering from _____.

depersonalization-derealization disorder

A person with _____ is suddenly unable to recall important personal information. The loss of memory in this case is not attributed to organic problems such as a blow to the head or alcoholic intoxication.

dissociative amnesia

Since past eight months, Susan has been finding it hard to relax. She often experiences lightheadedness. She also suffers from frequent episodes of diarrhea. People who know Susan say that she constantly worries about everything. In this scenario, Susan is most likely suffering from _____.

generalized anxiety disorder

People with _____ feel an overpowering need to accumulate certain kinds of possessions and have difficulty discarding them.

hoarding disorder

For several months, Carla has been complaining about chest pain. She visited several doctors and underwent many tests. Though the doctors and the test results confirmed that she has no medical ailment, Carla insists that she has a life-threatening heart condition. She constantly monitors her heartbeat and avoids strenuous exercise. In this scenario, Carla is suffering from _____.

illness anxiety disorder

Some people with conversion disorder do not show any concern for their symptoms, a symptom termed _____.

la belle indifférence

Sam was tried in court for assaulting a woman who was standing at a street corner. During the trial, Sam testified that he thought the woman was an alien who was trying to control his mind. He told the court that he just wanted the woman to "turn off her transmitter" that was sending messages to another planet. Several psychologists at the trial testified that Sam suffered from paranoid schizophrenia. The jury found that Gordon's action was dictated by the illusions related to schizophrenia. It was also clearly established that an innocent woman was assaulted. Therefore, Sam was found:

not guilty on the basis of the M'Naghten rule.

People often describe Carl as a loner. He does not like to interact with others nor does he have any affectionate feelings toward others. No one has ever seen Carl smile or heard him laugh. However, Carl is a law-abiding citizen and has never exhibited any abnormal behaviors except for this social withdrawal. Carl most likely has ___________.

schizoid personality disorder