Chapter 12 Quizzes

A scientist wishes to prepare a genomic library, but the DNA to be cloned is large. Which of the following vectors should be used?

bacterial artificial chromosomes

Golden rice is golden in color because it is rich in

beta-carotene

In a PCR reaction, the strands of DNA are first separated by ___.

heating

The number of proteins in humans

is much greater than the number of genes.

Approximately what percentage of human DNA is noncoding?

98.5%

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA molecules on the basis of size. Which of the following would move the slowest?

F plasmid (100 kb)

What is the current standard tool used for DNA profiling by forensic scientists?

STR analysis

When is PCR particularly applicable?

When there are small quantities of DNA to analyze

Which of the following is an example of a transgenic organism?

a bacterium with human gene for producing insulin

Restriction enzymes

cut DNA at specific nucleotide sequences

Plants are being engineered to be resistant to pesticides; therefore, _____.

farmers can reduce chemical use

A supplemental appendix is to a book as a ____________ is to a bacterial chromosome.

plasmid

When DNA from two sources is combined into one single piece of DNA, it is known as

recombinant DNA

What is the correct sequence of events that occur in a PCR reaction?

separation of DNA strands; addition of primers; use of DNA polymerase to produce second strand of DNA

Gel electrophoresis separates pieces of DNA based on

size

The unpaired nucleotides produced by the action of restriction enzymes are referred to as _____.

sticky ends

The science of proteomics _____.

studies when and where proteins are produced in an organism and how the proteins interact

DNA polymerase is a heat-sensitive enzyme. What is one thing that would need to be considered concerning the activity of this enzyme in PCR when the temperature is heated during each cycle to separate the DNA strands?

that the DNA polymerase could be denatured

What genetic information does cDNA contain?

the DNA sequence of expressed genes

Which of the following has not been a significant issue in the creation of genetically modified (GM) organisms?

the fact that GM organisms cannot be modified to prevent them from reproducing once they pass beyond the experimental stage

The process of accurately amplifying a sample of DNA is called

the polymerase chain reaction

An advantage of using reverse transcriptase to prepare a gene for cloning is that

the resulting DNA strand will lack introns.

Which of the following statements about nucleic acid probes is false?

A nucleic acid probe is a double-stranded section of DNA.

Which of the following statements about DNA technology is false?

DNA technology is now used to create cells that can identify and kill cancer cells.