Chapter 12 Reading (Versions 1 and 2)

Orlando shares with a friend that he does not like people who are homosexual, and that he goes out of his way at work avoid helping customers that he perceives as gay. His friend says to him, "man that isn't a cool way to be. You do realize that you're expressing a form of prejudice called _______ , don't you?"

homophobia

Kara gets an F on her social psychology exam. Then she goes home and gets into an argument with her roomate, Lee. Lee assumes Kara is yelling at him because she is just a nasty person, and does not consider that she may just have had a bad day and is venting. Lee is demonstrating ______.

the fundamental attribution error

Henry is juror number four in a murder trial. He believes the accused is guilty, but when the jurors vote it becomes clear he is the only one that thinks this way. Henry votes not guilty along with the other jurors despite what he sees as evidence dearly indicating guilt. this is an example of the ______ effect.

Asch

________ hold that our behavior is determined by internal factors, such as individual traits or temperaments.

Dispositionism

Which statement about groupthink is correct?

Group members modify their opinions to match what they believe in the group consensus.

______ is the strengthening of an original group attitude after the discussion of views within a group.

Group polarization

_________ is the strengthening of an original group attitude after the discussion of views within a group.

Group polarization

Jasmin belongs to the chess club on her campus. She prefers to associate with one members of the chess club while avoiding people that do not belong to this group. She thinks that those who do not play chess must be less intelligent than those who do, and thus she doesn't want to spend time with them. Jasmin has a(n) ______ bias.

In-group

What is the main point of the textbook discussion of Miligram's obedience study?

Individuals will obey authority to the point of potentially causing serious harm to another person.

Which of the following is an example of a self-serving bias?

Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams.

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding social exchange theory?

People are dissatisfied if their social exchanges create more costs than benefits unless the relationship is an example of consummate love.

the behavior of soldiers who abused prisoners at the Abu Ghraib facility during the Iraq war was predicted by the Stanford Prison Experiment that was overseen by social psychologist ______.

Philip Zimbardo

According to the frustration aggression theory, which of the following is likely to occur when Simon gets frustrated with his toilet training?

Simon bites his mother

What is a social role?

a pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group

Which of the following is the best example of peripheral route persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use

Which of the following is the best example of central route persuassion?

anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show hoe many people die from smoking-related causes each year

Which of the following is the best example of central route persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year

Rhona and Jerome share each other's thoughts and feelings and are prepared to support each other, but they do not feel any real passion toward each other in their relationship based on ________ love.

companionate

Rhona and Jerome share each other's thoughts and feelings and are prepared to support each other, but they do not feel any real passion toward each other. they have a ___ relationship.

companionate

Ashley and Mikhail share their intimate thoughts and emotions, are physically attracted to each other and have an active and satisfying sex life, and are each deeply committed to supporting each other. They share _____ love.

consummate

The field of social psychology studies topics at the intrapersonal level. These topics include _________.

emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition

Which type of persuasion approach involves encouraging a person to agree to a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a larger item?

foot-in-the door technique

Orlando shares with a friend that he does not like people who are homosexual, and that he does out of his way at work to avoid helping customers who he suspects are gay. His friend says to him, "man, that isn't a cool way to be. You do realize that you're expressing a form of prejudice called _____ don't you?"

homophobia

The ______ hypothesis is the ideology common in the Us that people get the outcomes they deserve.

just-world

When a person is making a persuasive argument that utilizes the ______ route, they rely on factors unrelated to their actual message to persuade their listener. the hope is that these factors will encourage positivity with the message itself.

peripheral

Within the field of sociology, a script is defined as a ________.

person's knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting

Heather and Mike share the household chores as equally as possible. They take turns with the cooking and driving their son to daycare. Both of them work outside the home, and each of them takes responsibility for child care one night a week to give the other one a break. We can say that their relationship has a high level of ______.

reciprocity

Which of the following strategies would effectively prevent groupthink from occurring?

seeking outside opinions on group decisions

What is the single most important fact that predicts the person with whom you will become friends or have a romantic relationship.

the amount of contact you have with people

During which kind of situation might a person be most likely to yield to the effects of informational social influence?

when the correct choice is unclear

In Stanley Miligram's obedience research, the person playing the part of the "learner" was an accomplice, or _____, of the experiment. He was aware of the true purpose of the research, was never shocked, and was acting according to Miligram's instructions

confederate

Which of the following is the best example of the foot-in-door technique of persuasion?

getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether

Suppose you hate reality shows, but you pretend to like them in order to fit in, feel good, and be accepted by your friends, who all love reality television. This is an example of ________ social influence.

normative

A negative attitude and feeling toward an individual that is based solely on that person's membership in a specific group is called _______.

prejudice

Erikah has just arrived at the funeral of her friend's father. Even though Erikah is usually very outspoken and jovial, she keeps her voice down, expresses her sympathy to the family members, and sits quietly and respectfully during the religious service. Erikah is following the _____ of how to behave in this particular situation.

script

What is the main conclusion drawn from the Stanford prison experiment?

social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior

Fantasia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Fantasia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a(n) _______.

confirmation bias