Chapter 12 Review

Why did the United states decline to annex Texas in 1837?

President Van Buren feared that annexation would spark an American civil war over the issue of slavery

Which of these factors prompted many plantation masters to reduce reliance on violence and adopt positive incentives to motivate slaves in the 1830s and 1840s?

not Christian values

Which factor led to planters; need to smuggle slaves into the country rather than import them legally?

not Missouri; not supreme court

Slaves' practice of "taking root" involved which of the following?

not adopting; not forming fictive kinship

Why did a labor crisis develop in the Cotton South in the first few decades of the 1800s?

not disease

The Alabama Constitution of 1819 did which of the following?

not gave all taxpaying

Which of these concepts became a central tenet of slave Christianity in the South in the nineteenth century?

All people as children of God

Which of these statements describes the planter aristocrats who lived in the cotton-growing regions of the South in the mid-nineteenth century?

Aristocratic planters took the lead in defending slavery as a benevolent social system

Which of the following describes the changes in slaves' living conditions in the early nineteenth century?

As blacks formed stronger social, family, and cultural ties, they resisted the breakup of families through sale by their owners

Which of the following pairs is properly matched?

Benjamin Banneker--mathematician and surveyor; helped lay out Washington, D.C.

Which of the following examples embodied the synthesis of African and American culture that existed in the South in the 1850s?

Black evangelical Christianity

How did planters attempt to resolve a labor crisis in the cotton South in the early nineteenth century?

By buying domestic slaves from the Chesapeake region

Which of the following statements characterizes blacks' resistance to slavery by the 1820s?

In their situation, most blacks had no choice but to build the best possible lives for themselves?

Many African American slaves who converted to Christianity compared themselves to which of the following groups?

Jews

Which of the following statements characterizes the planter elite of the Upper South in the early and mid-1800s?

Many elite planters considered themselves benevolent masters

Which of these statements most accurately describes the experiences of free blacks in the early nineteenth-century United States?

Most held low-wage jobs as farmworkers, day laborers, or laundresses.

Smallholding planters in the nineteenth-century South owned about how many slaves, on average?

One to five

The notion of slavery as a "necessary evil" and a "positive good" was supported by which idea?

Slavery allowed a civilized lifestyle for whites and cared for genetically inferior blacks.

Which statement characterizes the typical relationship between slaves and their masters in the 1850s?

Slaves were investments and therefore were generally provided with clothes, shelter, and enough food to keep them healthy

Why was the domestic slave trade crucial to the southern economy?

The trade provided tens of thousands of new workers to build plantations

Which of these factors made enslaved African Americans reluctant to attempt to escape to the North?

They hesitated to leave their families and communities behind

What prevented white southerners from working to diversify their economy in the nineteenth century?

Wealthy planters believed that the plantation economy would continue to produce wealth indefinitely

Under the task system, slaves were required to

complete a precisely defined job each day

Which of the following areas is correctly matched with its primary crop?

not Chesapeake; not Kentucky

Which of the following methods was a highly uncommon form of slave resistance in the slave South?

large-scale uprisings

The U.S. federal government participated in the expansion of slavery during the early to mid-1800s through which of the following?

not international slave trade; not the inland system

In the cotton-growing regions of the South, which of the following was true of the gang-labor system of work?

not it allowed

Which of the following statements characterizes African American marriage customs in the slave South?

not marriage; not African American

Which of the following is true of free blacks in the South?

not most of them were forced

Which of these factors explained the surplus of slaves in the Chesapeake region in the early nineteenth century?

not rapid contraction

Which of these statements describes Southern rice planters of the mid-nineteenth century?

not rice planters avoided

Which of the following examples embodied the synthesis of African and American culture that existed in the South in the 1850s?

not sexual relations

Which of the following statements was true of the American South in 1860?

not stable families

Which of the following statements describes the relationship between the economies of the North and the South in the mid-nineteenth century?

not the economy

Which of these groups accounted for the largest percentage of the white population in the mid-nineteenth-century Cotton South?

not yeomen farmers

The domestic slave trade affected the African American family unit before 1865 by

separating family members through sale and trade