Chapter 12: Section 4: Americans on the Home Front
Sedition
Any speech or action that encourages rebellion
Vigilantes
Citizens who take the law into their own hands
Rationing
Distributing goods to consumers in a fixed amount
Lever Food and Fuel Control Act
This act gave the President the power to manage the production and distribution of foods and fuels vital to the war effort
Espionage Act
This act made it illegal to interfere with the draft ↳ Later amended in 1918 by the Sedition Act
Sedition Act
This act made it illegal to obstruct the sale of Liberty Bonds or to discuss anything "disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive" about the American form of government, Constitution, army, or navy ↳ Violated the First Amendment's guarantee of freedom of speech
National Security League
This league began to preach "100 Perfect Americanism" ↳ League got Congress to pass a literacy test for immigrants
War Industries Board
This oversaw the nation's war-related production headed by financier Bernard Baruch
Industrial Workers of the World
Radical labor organization that won new supporters from western miners, migrant farm workers, and other unskilled laborers. ↳ Supported IWW's goal of overthrowing capitalism and tried to interfere with copper mining during the war
German Measles
Renamed as "Liberty Measles"
Hamburger
Renamed as Salisbury steak
Liberty Bonds
Special war bonds to support the Allied cause that could later be redeemed for the original value of the bonds plus interest
Fuel Administration
Sponsored gasless days to save fuel
Literacy Test
The National Security League got this to past so immigrants would have to take a literacy test that excluded those who could not read English or any other language ↳ Not many failed, yet this increased nativist feelings
Price Controls
A system of pricing determined by the government
Daylight saving time
Turning clocks ahead one hour for the summer ↳ By shifting an hour of sunlight from the early morning, when most people were asleep, to the evening it increased the number of daylight hours available for work ↳ Reduced need for artificial light and lowered fuel consumption
