Chapter 12: Using language

What guidelines for effective language use did Renee violate when she said, "Tell your insurance agent about any construction done to your home so he can adjust your policy"?

Avoid generic "he." Avoid stereotyping jobs by gender.

During his speech, Tim said, "Tell your veterinarian about any sudden changes in your animal. He needs to know all the details before he can make a diagnosis." Which guideline for effective language did he violate?

Avoid the generic use of "he."

Why is it important for speakers to use clear language?

Because audiences must be able to understand ideas immediately. Because you can't assume that a word familiar to the speaker is familiar to the audience. Because audiences can't take the time to look up an unfamiliar word.

True or false: It is safe to assume that if the meaning of a word is clear to you, it will be clear to your audience.

False

True or false: The word waitress is an inclusive term.

False

Which of the following is true of the connotative meaning of a word?

It will be different for different people.

Which of the following should be avoided in an inclusive speech?

Jokes making fun of someone's gender Assumptions based on common stereotypes

Which of the following best describes inclusive language?

Language that does not stereotype or demean people on the basis of gender, age, race, and other factors.

To ensure that your speech uses language appropriately, you should make sure it is appropriate to which of the following?

The speaker The topic The audience The occasion

True or false: Including rhythm and vivid imagery in your speech will make it more interesting for your listeners.

True

Which of the following is the best way to revise the sentence "We need the best man for the job" to use inclusive language?

We need the best person for the job.

Words that refer to tangible objects are ______ words, while ______ words are used to refer to concepts or ideas.

concrete; abstract

A word's literal meaning (without emotional associations)

denotative

Cambrianne tells Juan about her new dog, a canine named Skippy. Discussing her new pet, Cambrianne is using the ______ meaning of the word dog.

denotative

To make your speech clear and understandable, use words with which the audience will be

familiar.

True or false: Audiences expect speakers to use inclusive language.

true

Which of the following are techniques for ensuring language is appropriate to an audience that is not very familiar with the subject of your speech?

Avoid profanity and off-color remarks. Use plain language.

Which of the following guidelines for language use does this violate? "Someone who wants to travel the world could apply for a job as a stewardess."

Avoid stereotyping jobs by gender.

The meaning of a word that elicits an emotional response from a listener is the word's ______ meaning.

connotative