Chapter 13 A Quizzes

In one survey, _____ percent of those with social anxiety disorder experienced the disorder after a traumatic event.

58

Tonya is interested in studying psychological disorders. If she wants to study the classification system MOST often used in the United States, she should read the _____.

DSM-5

"Flashbacks" are a common symptom associated with:

PTSD.

_____ disorder is characterized by sudden episodes of intense dread.

Panic

Lynette is released after a four-week stay at a psychiatric hospital. She needs to find an apartment near her job because she can't afford a car. When she talks to potential landlords, how should she describe he

She should not tell them she was in a psychiatric hospital. Many people react negatively to those labeled "mentally ill."

Avoiding eating in public, speaking up in public, and going to parties is characteristic of _____ anxiety disorder

Social

Twenty-year-old Shoshanna lives in a small town. She has always been extremely shy, but lately she has been feeling intensely afraid that others are scrutinizing her. She avoids speaking in class, she no longer goes to parties, and she starts trembling whenever she is in a public place. Shoshanna seems to be suffering from _____ disorder.

Social Anxiety

Philippe Pinel suggested that mental illness was:

a sickness of the mind.

Dr. Phelps believes that psychological disorders are influenced by genetic predispositions and physiological states. He is also aware that inner psychological dynamics, social dynamics, and culture influence psychological disorders. Dr. Phelps believes in a _____ model.

biopsychosocial

Thoughts, memories, interpretations, and expectations are collectively referred to as _____.

cognition

Of the perspectives on anxiety disorders discussed in the text, the _____ perspective is MOST likely to emphasize hypervigilance toward anxiety-related stimuli.

cognitive

Betty's husband passed away two years ago after a prolonged battle with cancer. To this day, Betty finds it difficult to function. She quit her job, rarely leaves the house, and cries almost every day. Recent changes to the DSM would allow Betty to be diagnosed with:

depression.

In any given year, the MOST common type of psychological disorder in the United States is:

depressive or bipolar disorder.

This risk of a panic attack is _____ by the use of nicotine.

doubled

Brain scans of individuals suffering from OCD showed _____ activity in some areas of the frontal lobes, which are responsible for forming plans and making judgments.

elevated

According to the textbook, 9-month-old infants attend more to sounds representing ancient threats, such as thunder, than to sounds representing modern dangers, such as gunfire. This BEST supports the role of _____ in anxiety.

evolution

Sigmund Freud described what is now called _____ disorder as free-floating anxiety.

generalized anxiety

The biological effects of anxiety disorders can express themselves in two areas of the brain, one responsible for _____ and the other for _____.

impulse control; habitual behavior

Elsa is a 50-year-old teacher who is openly gay. According to the American Psychiatric Association (APA), Elsa's homosexuality:

is not classified as an illness.

Gena believes that people with psychological disorders are suffering from diseases that have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and sometimes even cured. Gena believes in the _____ model of psychological disorders.

medical

Any behavior that reduces anxiety increases the likelihood that a feared object or situation will be avoided. In the language of operant conditioning, the reduction of anxiety _____ avoidance behavior.

negatively reinforces

Generalized anxiety disorder, panic attacks, PTSD, and OCD express themselves biologically by:

overarousing areas of the brain responsible for impulse control and habitual behaviors.

Several times in the past two months, Petra has experienced a racing heart, intense fear that something horrible is about to happen, and an inability to breathe. Petra MOST likely is suffering from _____ disorder.

panic

Although Claude realizes his behavior is unreasonable, he is so distraught by high bridges that he avoids them and takes an unnecessarily lengthy route to and from work each day. Claude appears to suffer from a(n) _____

phobia

Sigmund Freud proposed that, beginning in childhood, people repress intolerable impulses, ideas, and feelings. Freud's theory represents the _____ approach.

psychoanalytic

Qwan often finds himself anxious in social situations. He avoids eye contact with others and regularly dismisses his fears of blushing uncontrollably as shyness. If Qwan were Japanese, he might be suffering from:

taijin-kyofusho.

Arianna displays very dysfunctional behavior. She is unable to care for herself, cannot dress herself, and has limited understanding of her surroundings. Prior to the reform movement influenced by Philippe Pinel, Arianna's behavior would MOST likely have been considered:

the result of demon possession.

As compared with men, women are _____ likely to develop PTSD symptoms after a traumatic event.

twice as