CHAPTER 13: Brain and Cranial Nerves

Indicate the correct order of meninges from superficial at the top to deep at the bottom.

1. Dura mater 2. Arachnoid mater 3. Pia mater

Place the parts of the brainstem from most inferior at the top to most superior at the bottom.

1. medulla oblongata 2. pons 3. midbrain

How many divisions does the trigeminal nerve have?

3

A major function of the Thalamus is which of the following?

A relay center for most sensory signals

Match the parts of the diencephalon with their corresponding letters. (use image as a reference for the question)

A) Thalamus B) Hypothalamus C) Pituitary gland D) Corpus callosum E) Pineal gland F) Cerebellum

Match the structures associated with the brain with their correct letters based on the image provided. (use image as a reference)

A) longitudinal fissure B) occipital lobe C) frontal lobe D) parietal lobe

Identify the three layers of meninges.

Arachnoid mater Pia mater Dura mater

The optic nerve contains only ________ nerve fibers and transmits impulses associated with the sense of ________.

Blank 1: sensory Blank 2: vision or sight

The part of the brain that is important in maintaining posture and equilibrium and is attached to the brainstem posterior to the pons is the ________.

Cerebellum

What part of the brain integrates information about the position of the body's parts and sends out signals that coordinate skeletal muscle movements?

Cerebellum

Identify the functions of the oculomotor nerve. Select all that apply.

Controls many of the muscles that move the eyeball Regulates the shape of the eye

What are the basic functions of the cerebrum?

Controls thought Controls conscious motor activity Controls conscious perception

The part of the diencephalon that is directly involved in regulating thirst, hunger and sex drive behaviors is the ________.

Hypothalamus

What part of the brain regulate fundamental behaviors such as thirst, hunger and reproduction?

Hypothalamus

Identify the function of the frontal lobe of the cerebrum.

Important in voluntary motor function, motivation and aggression

Which of the following is the function of the brainstem?

It is a critical center for essential survival reflexes, and even small areas of destruction can be fatal.

The component of the brainstem that contains reflex centers for heart rate, breathing, swallowing, and vomiting is the ________ ________.

Medulla oblongata

Which component of the brainstem contains reflex centers for heart rate, breathing, swallowing and vomiting?

Medulla oblongata

What are the membranes that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord?

Meninges

Basal nuclei are interconnected areas of neurons involved in which one of the following functions?

Motor function control

Where does the vagus (X) nerve carries impulses to/from? Select all that apply.

Muscles associated with speech Muscles associated with swallowing Viscera of the thorax Viscera of the abdomen

Identify the cranial nerves that control the muscles that move the eyeball.

Oculomotor Abducens Trochlear

Which cranial nerve contains only sensory nerve fibers and transmits impulses associated with the sense of smell?

Olfactory nerve

which cranial nerve contains only sensory nerve fibers and transmits impulses associated with the sense of vision?

Optic nerve

Identify the function of the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerves.

Promotes movement of the muscles of the eyeball

What are the functions of cerebrospinal fluid?

Protects the brain against the shock of rapid head movements Provides nutrients to CNS tissues

Identify the function of the parietal lobe of the cerebrum.

Receives and evaluates general senses (touch, pain,etc.)

Identify the function of the temporal lobe of the cerebrum.

Receives and evaluates input for hearing and smell

Identify the function of the occipital lobe of the cerebrum.

Receives and evaluates input for vision

What are the functions of the temporal lobe?

Receives and integrates input for smell Plays a role in memory and abstract thought Receives and integrates auditory input

If someone had an injury to the medulla oblongata, which might be impaired?

Regulating blood vessel diameter and blood pressure

Identify the part of the brainstem that is a network of nerve fibers and associated islands of gray matter which acts to filter incoming signals and to arouse the cerebral cortex.

Reticular formation

Which is a function of the hypoglossal nerve?

Sends signals to muscles of the tongue

What are the functions of the inferior colliculus?

Signals from the inner ear Auditory signals Visual reflexes

Which of the following sensory pathways would form a synapse in the thalamus?

Taste Auditory Visual

What is the source(s) of sensory information conveyed via the sensory fibers of the facial nerve?

Taste receptors of anterior tongue

Identify the structure of the brain that functions as the major sensory relay station.

Thalamus

The major sensory relay center of the brain is the ________.

Thalamus

The epidural space is located between what two structures?

The vertebrae and the dura mater

Which cranial nerve functions to sense touch, pain, and temperature on the upper and lower face and to transmit motor impulses needed for chewing?

Trigeminal

Cerebellar atrophy would most likely cause which of the following?

Trouble with balance and coordination of movements.

Identify the cranial nerve that is a mixed nerve that carries somatic motor impulses to muscles associated with speech and swallowing, and autonomic fibers transmit impulses to viscera of the thorax and abdomen?

Vagus (X)

The cranial nerve that innervates skeletal muscles of the neck and back is the ______ nerve.

accessory

The cranial nerve that is a primarily motor nerve with two branches: the spinal branch and the cranial branch is the ______ nerve.

accessory

A group of nuclei located within the cerebrum, diencephalon and midbrain that aid in controlling motor functions are ________ ________.

basal nuclei

What group of nuclei help in controlling motor functions?

basal nuclei

The hypothalamus is the most ______ portion of the ______.

blank 1: inferior blank 2: diencephalon

The olfactory nerve contains only ________ nerve fibers and transmits impulses associated with the sense of ________.

blank 1: sensory or afferent blank 2: smell or olfaction

The fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord and provides a protective cushion around the CNS is ________ fluid.

cerebrospinal or CSF

The part of the brain that controls conscious perception, thought and motor activity is the ________.

cerebrum

True or false: The pons is largely responsible for the control of skeletal muscle activity.

false

The most inferior portion of the diencephalon is the ________.

hypothalamus

The portion of the midbrain involved in dealing with auditory pathways is the ______.

inferior colliculus

The group of structures within the brain that are important in emotions and memory is called the ________ system.

limbic

The group of structures in the brain involved with emotions and memory is the ______.

limbic system

The three layers of membrane that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord are called the ________.

meninges

The most superior part of the brainstem is the ________.

midbrain

The lobe of the cerebrum that contains the visual centers is the ________ lobe.

occipital

The cranial nerve that transmits information regarding the sense of smell is the ________ nerve.

olfactory

The lobe of the cerebrum that receives and evaluates general senses (touch, pain, etc.) is the ________ lobe.

parietal

Regulation of rapid eye movement during sleep, and respiration are some of the functions of the ________.

pons

The midbrain is part of the brainstem and is located directly superior to the ________.

pons

Within the brainstem is a network of nerve fibers and associated islands of gray matter which acts to filter incoming signals and to arouse the cerebral cortex. It is not a distinct structure, but is diffusely arranged within the brainstem. This network of fibers is called the ________ formation.

reticular

The ______ space is the space called between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater.

subarachnoid

The space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater containing cerebrospinal fluid is the ________ space

subarachnoid

The lobe of the cerebrum that receives and integrates information for hearing and smell is the ________ lobe.

temporal

All sensory neurons except olfactory neurons form their first cerebral synapses in the ______.

thalamus

True or false: The brainstem is responsible for many essential functions, including many reflexes essential for survival.

true

The epidural space is located between the dura mater and the ________.

vertebrae, bone, bones, or periosteum