chapter 13 diseases
"apple-core" or "napkin-ring" one of the most typical forms of colon cancer.
annular carcinoma (adenocarcinoma)
Mushroom shaped dilation shown on a radiograph.
intussusception
telescoping or invagination of one part of the intestine into another. most common in infants younger than 2 but can occur in adults.
intussusception
twisting of a portion of the intestine on its own mesentery, leading to a mechanical type of obstruction.
Volvulus
saclike projections similar to diverticula except that they project inward.
polyps
"cobblestone and "string sign" indicate what...
regional enteritis (crohn's disease)
"cobblestone" appearance, visible during a small bowel series or enteroclysis indicates what condition
regional enteritis (segmental enteritis or crohns disease)
form of inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin, involving any part of the gastrointestinal tract but most commonly involving the terminal ileum is known as
regional enteritis (segmental enteritis or crohns disease)
in advance cases, segments of the intestine become narrowed as a result of chronic spasm, producing a "string sign" evident during a small bowel series, what condition does this indicate
regional enteritis (segmental enteritis or crohns disease)
what condition frequently leads to intestinal obstruction, fistula and abscess formation and has a high rate of recurrence after treatment.
regional enteritis (segmental enteritis or crohns disease)
conditions in which the gastrointestinal tract is unable to process and absorb certain nutrients.
spruce and malabsorptioin syndromes
"stovepipe" appearance, in which haustral markings and flexures are absent due to what long-term condition
ulcerative colitis
severe form of colitis that is most common in young adults. it is a chronic condition that often leads to development of coin like ulcers within the mucosal wall.
ulcerative colitis
shows as multiple ring-shaped filling defects that create a "cobblestone" appearance along the mucosa walls during a barium enema.
ulcerative colitis
"beak" sign
volvulus
tapered or "corkscrew" appearance, with air-filled distended region of intestine.
volvulus
dilation and distorted loops of small bowel is a radiographic sign of..
whipple's disease
rare disorder of the proximal small bowel whose cause is unkown. symptoms include dilation of the intestine, edema, malabsorption, deposits of fat in bowel wall and mesenteric nodules.
whipple's disease
inflammatory condition of the large intestine that may be caused by many factors, including bacterial infection, diet, stress, and other environmental conditions.
Colitis
radiographic appearance of intestinal wall has a "saw-tooth" or jagged appearance due to chronic inflammation and spasm.
Colitis
radiographic appearance of rigid and thick intestinal mucosa and lack of haustral markings along the involved segment.
Colitis
short and sharp "napkin-ring" defects within the lumen most frequently found in the duodenum and the proximal jejunum indicate what condition
adenocarcinomas
ileus due to the cessation of peristalsis which can be caused by infection, certain drugs, and postsurgical complications is known as.
adynamic/paralytic
what are the two types of ileus?
adynamic/paralytic and mechanical
most common tumors of the small bowel, have a benign appearance, hese small lesions tend to grow submucosally and are frequently missed on radiographs
carcinoid tumors
describes the ascending colon and the cecum as having a long mesentery, which makes them more susceptible to a volvulus
cecal volvulus
a form of spruce or malabsorption disease that affects the proximal small bowel, especially the proximal duodenum. it commonly involves the insoluble protein (gluten)
celiac disease.
outpouching of the mucosal wall
diverticulum
chronic irritation may cause the lumen o the intestine to become thickened, irregular and narrowed is a sign of what condition
enteritis
inflammation of the intestine, primarily of the small intestine. may be caused by bacterial or protozoan organisms and other environmental factors is known as....
enteritis
thickening of mucosal folds and poor definition of circular folds is the radiographic sign of...
enteritis
inflammation of the small intestine including the stomach is known as..
gastroenteritis
dilation of the intestine, with thickening of the circular folds seen in a small bowel series indicates what condition?
giardiasis
dilation of the intestine, with thickening or circular folds is a radiographic sign of..
giardiasis
these symptoms indicate what condition, nonspecific gastrointestinal discomfort, mild to profuse diarrhea, nausea, anorexia, and weight loss.
giardiasis
what condition is a common infection of the lumen of the small intestine that is caused by the flagellate protozoan. often spread by contaminated food and water.
giardiasis
obstruction of the small intestine is known as..
ileus
abnormal gas patterns, dilated loops of bowel, "circular staircase" or herringbone" pattern is a radiographic sign of..
ileus (obstruction)
"stacked coin" sign in a small bowel series indicates what?
lymphoma
malignant tumors of the small intestine.
lymphoma, adenocarcinoma
thickening of mucosal folds and poor definition of normal "feathery" appearance is a radiographic sign of..
malabsorption syndrome (sprue)
a physical blockage of the bowel that may be caused by tumors, adhesions, or hernia.
mechanical ileus
radiographic sign of "circular staircase" or "herringbone" pattern, which is evident on an erect of decubitus abdomen indicates what condition
mechanical ileus
a common birth defect caused by the persistence of the yolk sac (umbilical vesicle) resulting in outpouching of the intestinal wall seen in the ileum of the small bowel.
meckels diverticulum.
"new growth" may be benign or malignant.
neoplasm
filling defects: narrowness or tapering of lumen: "apple-core" or "napkin-ring" lesions
neoplasm
narrowed segments of intestine; "apple-core" or "napkin ring" sign is a radiographic sign of..
neoplasm
