chapter 13 diseases

"apple-core" or "napkin-ring" one of the most typical forms of colon cancer.

annular carcinoma (adenocarcinoma)

Mushroom shaped dilation shown on a radiograph.

intussusception

telescoping or invagination of one part of the intestine into another. most common in infants younger than 2 but can occur in adults.

intussusception

twisting of a portion of the intestine on its own mesentery, leading to a mechanical type of obstruction.

Volvulus

saclike projections similar to diverticula except that they project inward.

polyps

"cobblestone and "string sign" indicate what...

regional enteritis (crohn's disease)

"cobblestone" appearance, visible during a small bowel series or enteroclysis indicates what condition

regional enteritis (segmental enteritis or crohns disease)

form of inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin, involving any part of the gastrointestinal tract but most commonly involving the terminal ileum is known as

regional enteritis (segmental enteritis or crohns disease)

in advance cases, segments of the intestine become narrowed as a result of chronic spasm, producing a "string sign" evident during a small bowel series, what condition does this indicate

regional enteritis (segmental enteritis or crohns disease)

what condition frequently leads to intestinal obstruction, fistula and abscess formation and has a high rate of recurrence after treatment.

regional enteritis (segmental enteritis or crohns disease)

conditions in which the gastrointestinal tract is unable to process and absorb certain nutrients.

spruce and malabsorptioin syndromes

"stovepipe" appearance, in which haustral markings and flexures are absent due to what long-term condition

ulcerative colitis

severe form of colitis that is most common in young adults. it is a chronic condition that often leads to development of coin like ulcers within the mucosal wall.

ulcerative colitis

shows as multiple ring-shaped filling defects that create a "cobblestone" appearance along the mucosa walls during a barium enema.

ulcerative colitis

"beak" sign

volvulus

tapered or "corkscrew" appearance, with air-filled distended region of intestine.

volvulus

dilation and distorted loops of small bowel is a radiographic sign of..

whipple's disease

rare disorder of the proximal small bowel whose cause is unkown. symptoms include dilation of the intestine, edema, malabsorption, deposits of fat in bowel wall and mesenteric nodules.

whipple's disease

inflammatory condition of the large intestine that may be caused by many factors, including bacterial infection, diet, stress, and other environmental conditions.

Colitis

radiographic appearance of intestinal wall has a "saw-tooth" or jagged appearance due to chronic inflammation and spasm.

Colitis

radiographic appearance of rigid and thick intestinal mucosa and lack of haustral markings along the involved segment.

Colitis

short and sharp "napkin-ring" defects within the lumen most frequently found in the duodenum and the proximal jejunum indicate what condition

adenocarcinomas

ileus due to the cessation of peristalsis which can be caused by infection, certain drugs, and postsurgical complications is known as.

adynamic/paralytic

what are the two types of ileus?

adynamic/paralytic and mechanical

most common tumors of the small bowel, have a benign appearance, hese small lesions tend to grow submucosally and are frequently missed on radiographs

carcinoid tumors

describes the ascending colon and the cecum as having a long mesentery, which makes them more susceptible to a volvulus

cecal volvulus

a form of spruce or malabsorption disease that affects the proximal small bowel, especially the proximal duodenum. it commonly involves the insoluble protein (gluten)

celiac disease.

outpouching of the mucosal wall

diverticulum

chronic irritation may cause the lumen o the intestine to become thickened, irregular and narrowed is a sign of what condition

enteritis

inflammation of the intestine, primarily of the small intestine. may be caused by bacterial or protozoan organisms and other environmental factors is known as....

enteritis

thickening of mucosal folds and poor definition of circular folds is the radiographic sign of...

enteritis

inflammation of the small intestine including the stomach is known as..

gastroenteritis

dilation of the intestine, with thickening of the circular folds seen in a small bowel series indicates what condition?

giardiasis

dilation of the intestine, with thickening or circular folds is a radiographic sign of..

giardiasis

these symptoms indicate what condition, nonspecific gastrointestinal discomfort, mild to profuse diarrhea, nausea, anorexia, and weight loss.

giardiasis

what condition is a common infection of the lumen of the small intestine that is caused by the flagellate protozoan. often spread by contaminated food and water.

giardiasis

obstruction of the small intestine is known as..

ileus

abnormal gas patterns, dilated loops of bowel, "circular staircase" or herringbone" pattern is a radiographic sign of..

ileus (obstruction)

"stacked coin" sign in a small bowel series indicates what?

lymphoma

malignant tumors of the small intestine.

lymphoma, adenocarcinoma

thickening of mucosal folds and poor definition of normal "feathery" appearance is a radiographic sign of..

malabsorption syndrome (sprue)

a physical blockage of the bowel that may be caused by tumors, adhesions, or hernia.

mechanical ileus

radiographic sign of "circular staircase" or "herringbone" pattern, which is evident on an erect of decubitus abdomen indicates what condition

mechanical ileus

a common birth defect caused by the persistence of the yolk sac (umbilical vesicle) resulting in outpouching of the intestinal wall seen in the ileum of the small bowel.

meckels diverticulum.

"new growth" may be benign or malignant.

neoplasm

filling defects: narrowness or tapering of lumen: "apple-core" or "napkin-ring" lesions

neoplasm

narrowed segments of intestine; "apple-core" or "napkin ring" sign is a radiographic sign of..

neoplasm