Chapter 14 APWH

How were the effects of the silver trade different for Japan and Spain?

Allowed spain to conquer the Americas, Spanish was very restrictive, prices were largely inflationary.

Potosi

Arose from barren landscape in Andes

What was distinctive about the Atlantic slave trade as compared to other systems of forced labor? What did it share with other patterns of slave owning and slave trading?

Atlantic slave trade had immense size of traffic in slaves, its important to the economies of colonial america, treatment of slaves formed as dehumanized property.

Benin

Avoided involvement in trade, diversified exports

How did the North American and Siberian fur trades differ from each other? What did they have in common?

Both driven by demands of world market, both suffered diseases, but they differed in trading.

Describe the impact of the fur trade on North American Native societies.

Brought goods of real value to trade, enhanced influence of some native leaders, and became dependent on european goods.

Manilla

Capital of Philippines

Prester John

Chrisitan monarch ruled in Asia or Africa

Describe conditions on slave ships sailing on the Middle Passage.

Crammed together in a small space, no food, most caught diseases and died.

In what ways did the Atlantic slave trade transform African societies?

Created new transregional linkages, Africa became permanent part of interacting

Explain how signatures expressed their wealth and power

Dressing in expensive imported textiles and accompanied by their slaves

How did slavery in the Islamic world differ from Atlantic Slavery?

European demand for slaves was main cause of trade, entire enterprise was in european hands.

How did europeans view themselves in their trade relationship with asian societies?

Europeans believed they were superior and Asian societies werent as civilized

Why was Europe just beginning to participate in global commerce during the sixteenth century?

Europeans had just recovered from the Black Death. They were learning how to tax their subjects more effectively and build stronger military forces.

Why did europeans control less territory in the Indian Ocean basin than they did in america?

Europeans had limited territorial control, trade was the biggest conern in Asia while they claimed most of the Western Hemisphere because of war.

What roles did Europeans and Africans play in the unfolding of the Atlantic slave trade?

Europeans needed cheap labor and Africans began to sell slaves to them. Africans then started to capture and sell their own people.

Daiymo

Feudal lords

What differences can you identify among spice, silver, and fur trade?

Fur (widespread effect), silver (fueled global commerce), fur trade was not closely associated with the spice and silver trade because not as many people fur trapped.

Queen Nzinga of Ndongo

Gained reputation for resistance to portugese imperialism

In what ways did global commerce transform human societies and the lives of individuals during the early modern era?

Global commerce created new trade networks across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, brought large numbers of africans to the Americas, caused large scale slavery, and created access to new technology.

How did the impact of silver on China differ from its impact on Spain and Japan?

In China, forced more people to be integrated into it.

How did European trade goods impact native societies?

Increased warfare between tribes, Native American societies became more competitive.

In what ways did asian political authority and economic activity persist in the face of european intrusion?

Japanese traders began to operate in Southeast Asia. They welcomed european newcomers. Japan was plagued by endemic conflict by numerous feudal lords.

Where were most of the African slaves taken to in the americas? Why were they brought to these regions?

Most African slaves were taken to the West Indies due to plantation complex of the Americas.

Africa Diaspora

Name given to the spread of African peoples across the Atlantic via the slave trade.

Explain views toward native american workers in the indian ocean spice trade.

Native American workers could be viewed as slaves or field workers manufacturing spice production.

trading post empire

Portugese created this to control commerce

How did the goals and actions of the portuguese, spanish, dutch, and british in asia differ?

Portugese tried to monopolize spice trade, but transported asian goods. Spanish established philippine islands, Dutch overtook by force and organized into private trading and the British conquered india for cotton textiles by forceful trading companies.

Ferdinand Magellan

Portuguese navigator who led the Spanish expedition of 1519-1522 that was the first to sail around the world.

What was true about the labor system used at silver mine in Potosi?

Shows division of labor

Piece of eight

Silver coin used as medium of exchange

Silver Drain

Silver supply moved to China and Asia

What was the significance of the silver trade in the early modern era of world history?

Silver was the first link between the Americas, transformed Spain as leading source.

Shogun

Supreme military commander

To what extent did the British and Dutch trading companies change the societies they encountered in Asia?

The Dutch seized control of a number of Small spice producing islands, forcing them to only sell to the dutch and destroying crops of those who refused.

What is the relationship between Europeans and Africans in the Atlantic slave trade?

The Image shows that the Europeans ruled over the Africans, but the Africans have a say so in what takes place. They negotiated.

What best explains the rapid growth in the slave trade leading up to 1800? What explains the steep drop in slave trade after 1850? Where did majority of African slaves end up? What best explains this trend?

The demand for laborers for the plantations led to rise in slavery. majority of african slaves ended up in Brazil and the Caribbean, labor demands of plantation economy were intense there.

What explains the rise of the Atlantic slave trade?

The growth of sugar plantations and agriculture made for a need in slaves to work.

To what extent did the portuguese realize their goals in the indian ocean?

The portugese learned that most indian ocean merchant ships were not heavily armed and they took advantage of it to dominate and set up fortified bases.

Explain how geography impacted the North American Fur Trade.

The system of rivers, lakes, and mountains determined main outlines of expansion and competition between rivals.

What drove european involvement in the world of asian commerce?

They wanted Asian goods, resented the Muslim and venetians monopoly and ran out of money to pay for asian goods. Desire for tropical spices.

Transatlantic Slave Trade

Trading of slaves from Africa to the Americas

Explain how fur assisted Russian diplomatic efforts.

encouraged negotiations

Maroon societies

free communities of former slaves

Palmares

largest settlement of maroon society

Compare the social and environmental effects of the spice trade in Asia with those of the fur trade in North America.

near extinction of multiple species and loss of forests

Phillipines (Philip II)

ruled islands that established a portugesr style trading empire

What role did silver play in global trade? Why did the majority of silver end up in spain and china?

silver was a financial catalyst, spain controlled much of the silver, China was a storehouse for silver.

Vasco da Gama

the first European to reach India by sea sailing around the tip of Africa.

Tokugawa

the last feudal Japanese military government

Dahomey

vigorous involvement in trade under strict royal control

How did womens lives change because of the global fur trade?

women found a new source for husbands

Signares

women involved in cross cultural marriages