Chapter 14 Endocrine System Diseases and Disorders
33. The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior side of the: a. thyroid gland. b. pineal gland. c. thymus gland. d. pituitary gland.
A
36. The beta cells in the pancreas secrete: a. insulin. b. norepinephrine. c. vasopressin. d. prolactin.
A
40. Complications of acromegaly include: a. congestive heart failure. b. cystitis. c. cirrhosis. d. diabetes.
A
48. Symptoms of overproduction of thyroxine include all of the following EXCEPT: a. constipation. b. diarrhea. c. nervousness. d. tachycardia.
A
51. Thyroid storm: a. is a life-threatening condition. b. is a normal condition. c. affects only men. d. affects only women.
A
52. A thyroid storm may include which of these symptoms? a. severe tachycardia b. severe bradycardia c. decrease in body temperature d. all of the above
A
60. Congenital hypothyroidism is also known as: a. cretinism. b. colitis. c. myxedema. d. melanoma.
A
34. The pancreatic islets produce: a. thyroxine. b. insulin. c. epinephrine. d. parathormone.
B
38. The endocrine glands that can be examined physically are the: a. thyroid and thymus. b. testes and thyroid. c. testes and ovaries. d. thyroid and parathyroid.
B
43. Diagnosis of diabetes insipidus is made by performing a: a. hemoglobin and hematocrit test. b. water restriction test. c. sweat chloride test. d. urine culture.
B
46. Thyroxine cannot be produced without: a. calcium. b. iodine. c. sodium. d. magnesium
B
53. A simple goiter is: a. a decrease in the size of the thyroid. b. an increase in the size of the thyroid. c. no change in the size of the thyroid. d. none of the above.
B
55. Symptoms of hypothyroidism include all of the following EXCEPT: a. thin nails. b. weight loss. c. brittle hair. d. weight gain.
B
58. Symptoms characteristic of myxedema include: a. weight loss. b. swelling of facial tissue. c. atrophied eyelids. d. a receding tongue.
B
59. Treatment of myxedema includes: a. radiation. b. thyroxine replacement. c. iron replacement. d. calcium replacement.
B
32. The adrenal glands sit on top of the: a. lungs. b. pancreas. c. kidneys. d. ovaries.
C
39. Giantism is a result of oversecretion of a. prolactin. b. thyroxine. c. somatropin. d. testosterone.
C
42. The individual suffering from diabetes insipidus may urinate: a. 2-15 gallons/24 hours. b. 2-20 gallons/24 hours. c. 5-10 gallons/24 hours. d. 6-8 gallons/24 hours.
C
44. The hormone released by the thyroid gland is: a. thymosin. b. thormone. c. thyroxine. d. thyrosis.
C
49. Graves' disease is caused by a(n): a. virus. b. bacterium. c. autoimmune condition. d. parasite.
C
50. A distinguishing characteristic of Graves' disease is: a. dry eyes. b. red eyes. c. bulging eyes. d. yellow eyes.
C
54. A simple goiter occurs when there is insufficient ingestion of: a. calcium. b. iron. c. iodine. d. sodium.
C
57. Myxedema commonly occurs in: a. middle-aged men. b. children. c. middle-aged women. d. older women.
C
31. The pancreas is: a. an exocrine gland. b. an endocrine gland. c. a pituitary gland. d. a and b.
D
35. The posterior pituitary gland produces: a. oxytocin and thyroxine. b. antidiuretic hormone and epinephrine. c. insulin and vasopressin. d. oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone.
D
37. The ovaries secrete: a. progesterone. b. testosterone. c. estrogen. d. a and c.
D
41. Hypopituitarism in children displays which of these symptoms? a. dwarfism b. sexual underdevelopment c. possible mental disability d. all of the above
D
45. The thyroid gland regulates: a. breathing. b. calcium in the blood. c. growth of long bones. d. metabolism.
D
47. A goiter is a growth on the: a. pancreas. b. parathyroids. c. pituitary. d. thyroid.
D
56. Treatment for hypothyroidism includes: a. radiation. b. chemotherapy. c. surgery. d. medication.
D
10. Graves' disease commonly affects middle-aged men. a. True b. False
FALSE
13. A simple goiter usually affects men. a. True b. False ANSWER:
FALSE
14. Giantism is the result of hypopituitarism. a. True b. False
FALSE
16. Myxedema is hypothyroidism in children. a. True b. False
FALSE
17. Cretinism is hypothyroidism in adults. a. True b. False
FALSE
2. Abnormally large or hypertrophied glands tend to produce low hormone levels. a. True b. False
FALSE
20. Hypocalcemia leads to hyperactivity of the cardiac muscle. a. True b. False
FALSE
22. Prognosis for hyperparathyroidism is poor even with advanced treatment. a. True b. False
FALSE
23. The tetany that is seen in lockjaw is the same as the tetany produced by hypocalcemia. a. True b. False
FALSE
25. Cortisone cures inflammatory conditions. a. True b. False
FALSE
27. Most cases of hypothyroidism in the United States can be prevented. a. True b. False
FALSE
29. Androgenital syndrome is preventable. a. True b. False
FALSE
4. Prognosis of giantism is usually poor. a. True b. False
FALSE
6. Diabetes insipidus (DI) results from hyperactivity of the pancreatic islet cells. a. True b. False
FALSE
8. Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland secretes decreased amounts of thyroxine. a. True b. False
FALSE
1. CATs and MRIs are used to check for the presence of tumors or the alteration in organ size. a. True b. False
TRUE
11. The protrusion of the eyeballs, exophthalmos, is caused by edema in the tissues behind the eye. a. True b. False
TRUE
12. Thyroid storm may occur during the immediate postoperative period following a thyroidectomy. a. True b. False
TRUE
15. Hypothyroidism is usually due to dysfunction of the thyroid gland rather than the dysfunction of the pituitary gland. a. True b. False
TRUE
18. Many states in the United States mandate a thyroid blood test to be performed on all newborns. a. True b. False
TRUE
19. If left untreated, congenital hypothyroidism will result in mental disability. a. True b. False
TRUE
21. At least one-half of one parathyroid gland is necessary to maintain normal parathormone levels. a. True b. False
TRUE
24. The adrenal glands are also known as suprarenals. a. True b. False
TRUE
26. The mechanism known as "negative feedback" controls the amount of hormones secreted into the bloodstream. a. True b. False
TRUE
28. There is no known way to prevent primary hyperparathyroidism. a. True b. False
TRUE
3. The endocrine system is a highly complex system of glands that secrete important hormones for a variety of body functions. a. True b. False
TRUE
30. Type 1 diabetes cannot be prevented. a. True b. False
TRUE
5. Panhypopituitarism is the result of a destroyed or nonfunctional pituitary gland. a. True b. False
TRUE
7. Thyroxine cannot be produced without iodine. a. True b. False
TRUE
9. When treating hyperthyroidism, medications to reduce thyroxine production are often effective. a. True b. False
TRUE