Chapter 15: Scalp Care Shampooing & Conditioning

A pH scale ranges from:

0-14

Conditioning shampoos

Designed to make the hair appear smooth and shiny

The process of heating water so that it becomes a vapor and then condensing the purified vapor so that it collects as a liquid called ______

Distillation

A client appears to have a scalp disease that may be infectious. What should you do?

Do no do the Service and refer them to a physician.

This may be done in combination with a scalp steamer:

Dry hair and scalp treatment

Hair that has been damaged by improper care and exposure to ____ such as wind, sun, cold, and heat may need to be treated with more conditioning agents.

Elements

A client who has high blood pressure should never have a scalp massage.

False

As long as clients look great when they leave the salon, how they handle their home-care regimen is unimportant to you as a professional.

False

Conditioners can fully repair hair and can improve the quality of new hair growth

False

Do not brush a clients hair if it is oily

False

The same products are used for both relaxation and treatment massages.

False

You should advise all clients to wash their hair everyday

False

___ is often found in well water and contains minerals that reduce the ability of soap or shampoo to lather.

Hard water

How should you shampoo a client who is in a wheelchair?

Have them remain in wheelchair, facing the shampoo bowl and bending forward, with a towel to protect their face.

The ___ the pH rating, the stronger and harsher the shampoo

Higher

The amount of ____ in a solution is what determines whether it is alkaline or acid.

Hydrogen

Primary surfactant and base detergent mean the same thing as follows:

Hydrophilic or water-attracting head and lipophilic or oil attracting tail.

A surfactant molecule has two ends: a ___ "head," and a ____ "tail."

Hydrophilic, Lipophilic

Describe the objective of the post service procedure.

Is it a step-by-step plan for caring for your client after the procedure has been completed. It helps your client through the payment process of the salon and provides information for you on how to prepare for the next client.

Professional cosmetologists should take time to read product _____ because doing this will help them make informed decisions about the use of various shampoos

Labels

The best type of hair brush to use for brushing hair is one that has _____ bristles

Natural

The main goal of this treatment is to maintain the scalp and hair in a clean and healthy condition:

Normal hair and scalp treatment

This treatment is performed for clients who have overactive sebaceous glands:

Oily hair and scalp treatment

The manipulations for a treatment massage mirror those of a relaxation massage but would include the _____

Preapplication of appropriate products

A client who has coarse and extremely curly hair would benefit most from which of the following products?

Protein and moisturizing treatments

_____ are designed to penetrate the cortex and reinforce the hair shaft from within to temporarily reconstructing the hair.

Protein conditioner

Why is silicone often added to conditioners?

Reflects light and makes the hair appear shiny.

To be effective, a shampoo must _____

Remove all dirt, oils, cosmetics, and skin debris without adversely affecting either the scalp or hair.

The shampoo service actually encompasses three different processes:

Scalp care & massage, shampooing, and conditioning

One of the most important experiences that a stylist provides is the _____

Shampoo

A slightly ___ shampoo more closely matches the ideal pH of hair.

Slightly acidic

_____ is rainwater or chemically softened water.

Soft water

Shampoos for hairpieces and wigs

Special solutions available for hair enhancements

What does excessive shampooing do?

Strips the hair of its protective oil (sebum) that, in small amounts, seals and protects the hair's cuticle.

What are humectants?

Substances that absorb moisture or promote the retention of moisture.

A client who has straight, fine hair would benefit most from which of the following products?

Volumizing shampoo

Balancing shampoos

Wash away excess oiliness, while preventing the hair from drying out

What is deionized water?

Water that has had impurities, such as calcium and magnesium and other metal ions that would make a product unstable, removed.

During the shampoo process, the hydrophilic head attracts ___ and the lipophilic tail attracts ___.

Water, Oil

Why should you avoid touching a female client's face with your hands or water while performing a shampoo?

You may remove some of her makeup and she may feel self-conscious during her visit.

The shampoo can and should be:

a) Soothing B) Pleasureable

What conditions should you check for when analyzing scalp and hair?

a.) Dry, dehydrated hair b.) Excessive shedding of the hair c.) Thinning of the hair d.) Dry, tight scalp e.) Oily scalp f.) Abnormal flaking on the scalp g.) Open wounds or scalp irritations h.) Scalp disorders or diseases i.) Tick or lice infestation

Hair can usually be characterized as:

a.) Oily b.) Dry c.) Normal d.) Chemically treated

Why is it important for you to understand the classification of the water in the salon where you work?

because it is used for shampoos, mixing solutions, and many other functions.

How often should the hair be shampooed?

often as necessary to remove dirt, oils, and product buildup

Explain what conditioners do.

smooths the cuticle and coat the hair shaft to achieve healthier looking hair.

Hair that has been ___ may require a product, such as a(n) ____ shampoo, that is less harsh and more conditioning.

Abused, Sulfate-Free

How should your select a shampoo for a client?

According to the condition of the client's hair and scalp

A shampoo that is ____ will have a pH ranging from 0 to 6.9

Acidic

A shampoo that is ___ will have a pH rating of 7.1 or higher

Alkaline

A client may need additional salon treatments and the frequent use of home care:

Anti dandruff Treatment

If you are unsure about whether it would be appropriate to perform a scalp massage on a client who has a medical condition, the best course would be to:

Avoid performing the massage

pH-balanced shampoos

Balanced to the pH of skin and hair

Describe why you think it is important for you to learn how to drape a client properly.

Because it contributes to the clients safety and comfort.

The shampoo service provides a good opportunity to make sure that the hair and scalp are properly cleansed and nourished, providing a great _____ for styling ongoing hair care.

Canvas

Water that comes from public water system often has ____ added to it to kill _____.

Chlorine, Bacteria

The primary purpose of a shampoo is to ______ the hair and scalp prior to a service.

Cleanse

Dry or powder shampoos

Cleanse the hair without the use of soap and water

____ are special chemical agents applied to the hair to deposit protein or moisturizer, to help restore the hair's strength, to infuse moisture, to give it body, or to protect against possible breakage.

Conditioner

Medicated shampoos

Contain special ingredients that are very effective in reducing dandruff or relieving other scalp conditions

______, also know as hair masks or conditioning packs, are chemical mixtures or concentrated protein and intensive moisturizer.

Deep conditioning treatment

List the two basic requirements for a healthy scalp:

1.) Cleanliness 2.) Stimulation

What are the four basic types of conditioners?

1.) Cleansing conditioner 2.) Rinse-out conditioner 3.) Treatment or repair conditioner 4.) Leave-in Conditioner

List three ways hair may be damaged.

1.) Harsh shampoos 2.) Improper care 3.) Exposure to elements

Describe two ways you can help protect yourself from muscle strain and other physical problems that may be caused by performing shampoos on clients.

1.) Keep your shoulders back while performing a shampoo 2.) Avoid slumping over the client or placing your torso, arms, and back into an unnatural position.

List four examples of ways hair may be chemically treated.

1.) Lightened 2.) Colored 3.) Permed 4.) Chemically relaxed

List six ingredients that may be added to base surfactants to create a shampoo

1.) Moisture 2.) Oil 3.) Protein 4.) Perservative 5.) Foam Enhancer 6.) Perfume

List the four different types of scalp treatments.

1.) Normal hair and scalp 2.) Dry hair and scalp 3.) Oily hair and scalp 4.) Antidandruff

List three benefits of correct hair brushing.

1.) Removes dust 2.) Removes dirt 3.) Removes hairspray build up and gives hair shine

List the two types of draping that are used o n clients.

1.) Shampooing draping 2.) Chemical service draping

List and describe four additional conditioning agents to be familiar with.

1.) Spray-on thermal protector: Applied to h air prior to any thermal service to protect the hair. 2.) Scalp conditioner: Found in a cream base, used to soften and improve the health of the scalp. 3.) Medicated scalp lotion: Promotes healing of the scalp. 4.) Scalp astringment lotion: removes oil accumulation from the scalp and is used after a scalp treatment.

List 4 reasons a cosmetologist should study and have a thorough understanding of scalp care, shampooing, and conditioning.

1.) The shampoo service is the first opportunity to reinforce your position as a professional who attends specific needs. 2.) Examine, identify, and address hair and scalp conditions that do not require a physicians care and be able to refer clients if a more serious issue is identified. 3.) General knowledge of product category 4.) Successful home-care regimen recommendation will keep your work looking its best for all to see.

List at least three situations under which brushing a client's hair should be avoided

1.) if the scalp is irritated 2.) Prior to a chemical service 3.) Prior to or after hair color service 4.) Prior to or after bleach lightening or highlighting service

A neutral shampoo has a pH of

7

The cortex accounts for what percentage of the hair strand?

90 percent

What does the process create?

A push/pull process that causes the oils, dirt, and deposits to roll up into little balls that can be lifted off in the water and rinsed from the hair.

It is easy to miss which of the following when performing a shampoo?

The nape of the neck

Discuss why it is important to educate clients about which products they should be using for home care.

The wrong products can make a haircut look bad, can negatively affect the clients opinion of your work, and can affect the outcome of the chemical service.

Oily hair should be shampooed more often than normal or dry hair.

True

Water is the main ingredient in most shampoos

True

You should not perform a scalp massage on a scalp that has reddened scalp irritations .

True

Water is classified as a(n) ____ because it is capable of dissolving more substances than any other solvent known to science

Universal solvent

Color-enhancing shampoos

Used to brighten, to add a slight hint of color, or to eliminate unwanted color tones

Clarifying shampoos

Used when product build up is evident, after swimming, and prior to all chemical services