Chapter 16 Therapies Assignment
Which of the following disorders has cognitive therapy been found effective in treating? A. Anxiety Disorders B. Schizophrenia C. Personality Disorders D. Mood Disorders E. Dissociative Disorders
A. Anxiety Disorders D. Mood Disorders
Lupe has experienced major depressive disorder for years and frequently feels suicidal. Her psychiatrist suggests ECT. How might ECT influence Lupe? A. ECT affects emotional behavior and Lupe might be less inclined to act on suicide. B. ECT affects speech and Lupe might talk less about suicide. C. ECT positively affects mental processing, which would inhibit Lupe's decision to commit suicide. D. ECT affects motor activity and would compel her to accidentally act on her suicidal thoughts.
A. ECT affects emotional behavior and Lupe might be less inclined to act on suicide.
Lupe has experienced major depressive disorder for years and frequently feels suicidal. Her psychiatrist suggests ECT. How might ECT influence Lupe? A. ECT affects emotional behavior and Lupe might be less inclined to act on suicide. B. ECT affects speech and Lupe might talk less about suicide. C. ECT positively affects mental processing, which would inhibit Lupe's decision to commit suicide. D. ECT affects motor activity and would compel her to accidentally act on her suicidal thoughts.
A. ECT affects emotional behavior and Lupe might be less inclined to act on suicide. B. ECT affects speech and Lupe might talk less about suicide.
Which of the following statements about Patricia (Patty) Quig's experiences with virtual therapy are false? A. Patty's experience was limited to just going into Second Life and looking around herself. B. Patty worked with a counselor in Second Life. C. Patty would practice her social skills in Second Life and discover that interacting with others was not as scary as she thought. D. Patty has learned to "become" her avatar and takes on the properties of her avatar when she now goes out in real-life situations.
A. Patty's experience was limited to just going into Second Life and looking around herself.
Consider this hypothetical situation: A 35-year-old woman received ECT to treat major depressive disorder, which has been unresponsive to medication. Weeks after the therapy treatment, she returns to work and is asked to debrief the boss on a project she has worked on over the past several months. With no notes available, her attempts to update the boss by memory fail. Why might this be? A. The neurotransmitters were damaged during ECT causing her to forget everything. B. ECT results in permanent memory loss. C. After ECT, memories return only when written materials are available. D. Neurons are causing damage during the protein synthesis of memories.
B. ECT results in permanent memory loss.
Which of the following would a therapist who is demonstrating unconditional positive regard do? A. Provide a context for sharing and mutual understanding B. Identify the client's weakness and discuss the illness associated with the disorder C. Encourage free association D. Accept the individual for who they are E. Encourage positive self-growth
A. Provide a context for sharing and mutual understanding D. Accept the individual for who they are E. Encourage positive self-growth
What is the process in the brain of seeing a snake and, thus, detecting a threat? A. The visual information about the snake is detected by the retina and then sent on to the optic nerve, optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic radiations, visual cortex. B. The visual information about the snake is detected by the retina and then sent to the optic radiations, optic chiasm, optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus, visual cortex. C. The visual information about the snake is detected by the optic nerve and then sent on to the retina, optic chiasm, optic radiations, visual cortex, lateral geniculate nucleus. D. The visual information about the snake is detected by the optic chiasm and then sent on to the retina, optic nerve, visual cortex, optic radiations, lateral geniculate nucleus.
A. The visual information about the snake is detected by the retina and then sent on to the optic nerve, optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic radiations, visual cortex.
Dr. Jones often uses the principles of learning theory when treating his clients. Dr. Jones is relying on which type of therapy? A. behavioral B. psychodynamic C. cognitive D. medical
A. behavioral
Sensory information for which of the senses is not processed by the thalamus? A. olfaction (smell) B. vision C. audition (hearing) D. touch
A. olfaction (smell)
Which of the following are biological therapies? A. Psychosurgery B. Drug Therapy C. Client-centered Therapy D. Psychoanalysis E. Classical Conditioning F. Electroconvulsive Therapy
B. Drug Therapy D. Psychoanalysis F. Electroconvulsive Therapy
Critics of ECT claim that this form of therapy results in substantial and permanent memory loss. Permanent memory loss may occur if ECT damages the hippocampus (shown here), which regulates memory, via the electrical current. Advocates for ECT have opposing claims about ECT and disagree with critics' beliefs that ECT damages the brain. A. The temporal lobe was damaged. B. The hippocampus was damaged. C. The ECT damaged Brodus' spituitary gland. D. ECT was effective for Brodus.
B. The hippocampus was damaged.
What can be assumed about the neurotransmitters of an individual suffering from major depressive disorder? A. The neurons transmitting the neurotransmitters are diseased. B. The neurotransmitters are out of balance. C. The neurotransmitters are balanced. D. The caudate nucleus is interfering with the neurotransmission of electrical impulses.
B. The neurotransmitters are out of balance
In online environments, your alter ego is also known as your A. doppelganger. B. avatar. C. icon. D. screen name.
B. avatar.
As part of systematic desensitization, after the relaxation response is established, the therapist begins to use ______ to reduce the client's fears. A. operant conditioning B. classical conditioning C. observational learning D. electroshock therapy
B. classical conditioning
Engaging individuals in considering alternative ways of thinking is also known as A. cognitive rescaffolding B. cognitive restructuring C. cognitive rebuilding D. cognitive revitalizing
B. cognitive restructuring
You must be able to __________ in order to play in the league. A. have four weeks without hallucinations B. curb aggressive tendencies C. titrate off all medications D. play soccer at a professional level
B. curb aggressive tendencies
With effective retraining as part of CBT, the basal ganglia can be expected to regulate and support ______ behavior. A. cognitive B. obsessive C. compulsive D. typical
B. obsessive
Kyla is afraid of spiders. Her therapist recommended systematic desensitization to deal with her phobia. They have been working on her phobia for several sessions in the office, and it is time for her third step: gradual exposure. You are an intern in the practice, and you will be conducting this step with Kyla. Which of the following answers indicates how you will proceed? A. Begin by placing the spider in Kyla's lap. Leave it there until her heart rate returns to her baseline. B. Begin by placing the spider far enough away from Kyla that her heart rate remains at her baseline. Each time you move the spider closer to Kyla, you will see her heart rate change on the monitor. Make sure to continue to move it closer to her before her heart rate returns to the baseline. C. Begin by placing the spider far enough away from Kyla that her heart rate remains at her baseline. Each time you move the spider closer to Kyla, you will see her heart rate change on the monitor. Do not move it closer to her until her deep breathing returns her heart rate to the baseline. D. Begin by asking Kyla to close her eyes and relax. Let the spider out of his cage and let him roam around the office. Continue to help Kyla relax and keep her heart at baseline.
C. Begin by placing the spider far enough away from Kyla that her heart rate remains at her baseline. Each time you move the spider closer to Kyla, you will see her heart rate change on the monitor. Do not move it closer to her until her deep breathing returns her heart rate to the baseline.
Which of the following are insight therapies? A. Psychodynamic B. Sociocultural C. Humanistic D. Biological
C. Humanistic
Which of the following statements is true regarding most therapists' approach to therapy? A. Therapists tend to rely most heavily on behavioral therapy when treating all types of disorders. B. Therapists find cognitive therapies to be highly ineffective. C. Therapists take an eclectic approach to therapy, relying on a variety of techniques from multiple orientations. D. Therapists unanimously agree that medical therapies are the most effective in treating psychological disorders.
C. Therapists take an eclectic approach to therapy, relying on a variety of techniques from multiple orientations.
Identifying irrational thoughts and challenging these thoughts is one goal of _________ therapists. A. behavioral B. psychodynamic C. cognitive D. medical
C. cognitive
Serious damage to a person's midbrain, such as an infarction (a prolonged obstruction of blood supply to an organ or tissue, resulting in oxygen deprivation and tissue death), would result in which of the following? A. an inability to respond to aversive conditioning B. memory loss and confusion C. paralysis or death D. generalized anxiety disorder
C. paralysis or death
You start the relaxation process, using deep breathing and focusing on an innocuous image (imagined or real). Which system of the body does this process within desensitization utilize? A. endocrine system B. digestive system C. parasympathetic nervous system D. muscular system
C. parasympathetic nervous system
What do patients learn in soccer therapy? A. to be able to stay in a group B. to have a match and win C. to have a match and lose D. All answer choices are correct.
D. All answer choices are correct.
Patricia Quig found help for her agoraphobia using A. World of Warcraft. B. Twitter. C. Facebook. D. Second Life.
D. Second Life.
Which of the following statements about systematic desensitization is true? A. Systematic desensitization is the classically conditioned set of steps that leads to common fears and phobias. B. Systematic desensitization involves relaxation techniques that replaces the client's need to make lists, like a hierarchy of fears list. C. Systematic desensitization is typically completed in a therapist's office in a single session. D. Systematic desensitization involves identifying anxiety producing stimuli, learning how to relax, and then using relaxation to cope with a progressive series of anxiety-provoking stimuli.
D. Systematic desensitization involves identifying anxiety producing stimuli, learning how to relax, and then using relaxation to cope with a progressive series of anxiety-provoking stimuli.
The video listed a number of mental illnesses that soccer therapy appears to currently be helping. Which of the following was NOT included? A. delusional B. schizophrenic C. depression D. autism
D. autism
A. Cognitive-Behavior Therapy B. Psychodynamic Therapies C. Electroconvulsive Therapy D. Cognitive Therapy E. Behavior Therapy F. Psychoanalysis G. Humanistic Therapies H. Psychosurgery I. Client-centered Therapy J. Drug Therapy 1. Treatments that stress the importance of the unconscious mind, extensive interpretation by the therapist, and the role of early childhood experiences in the development of an individual's problems. 2. Freud's therapeutic technique for analyzing an individual's unconscious thoughts. 3. Treatments, unique in their emphasis on people's self-healing capacities, that encourage clients to understand themselves and to grow personally. 4. Rogers' therapeutic technique in which the therapist provides a warm, supportive atmosphere to improve the client's self-concept and to encourage the client to gain insight in their problems. 5.Treatments that use principles of learning to reduce or eliminate maladaptive behavior. 6. Treatments that point to thoughts as the main source of psychological problems and that attempt to change the individual's feelings and behaviors by changing thoughts. 7. A therapy that combines cognitive therapy and behavior therapy with the goal of developing self-efficacy.
(1)B (2)F (3)G (4)I (5)E (6)D (7)A
Label the descriptions of drugs used to treat psychological disorders. A. Neuroleptics B. MAO Inhibitors C. SSRIs D. Lithium E. Antianxiety Drugs F. Benzodiazepines G. Antipsychotic Drugs H. Tricyclics I. Antidepressant Drugs J. Tetracyclics 1. Drugs that regulate mood. 2. Drugs that reduce anxiety by making the individual calmer and less excitable. 3. Drugs that diminish agitated behavior, reduce tension, decrease hallucinations, improve social behavior, and produce better sleep patterns. 4. Antianxiety drugs that work by binding to the receptor sites of neurotransmitters that become overactive during anxiety. 5. One of the four classes of antidepressant drugs that works by increasing the level of certain neurotransmitters, especially norepinephrine and serotonin. 6. One of the four classes of antidepressant drugs that enhances the levels of norepinephrine and serotonin. 7. One of the four classes of antidepressant drugs that works by blocking the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which breaks down norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. 8. One of the four classes of antidepressant drugs that works by interfering with the reabsorption of serotonin in the brain. 9. Most frequently used class of antipsychotic drugs 10. Substance widely used to treat bipolar disorder.
1. H. Antidepressant Drugs 2. E. Antianxiety Drugs 3. G. Antipsychotic Drugs 4. F. Benzodiazepines 5. H. Tricyclics 6. J. Tetracyclics 7. B. MAO Inhibitors 8. C. SSRIs 9. A. Neuroleptics 10. D. Lithium
One of the soccer players on the video said that before he started the therapy, the world "terrified him," but playing soccer A. makes you stay with the other person. B. makes you stay away from the other person. C. means you don't have to go out in the world. D. is less crowded than going out in the world.
A. makes you stay with the other person.
Which of the following is NOT a goal of cognitive therapy? A. to eliminate "Pollyanna" thought processes and develop realistic patterns of thought B. to help people identify and challenge their negative thought patterns and beliefs C. to help people face their worst fears and figure out positive ways to cope with them D. to engage individuals in considering alternative ways of thinking
A. to eliminate "Pollyanna" thought processes and develop realistic patterns of thought
Which would be an example of a person with OCD consciously attempting to logically change compulsive behavior? A. washing one's hands just once because, if done correctly, once is sufficient B. checking three times to make sure the stovetop is turned off because it's important to ensure safety from hazards C. counting to seven each time one passes under a tunnel because seven is a lucky number D. cleaning windows with clockwise hand motions because it's the only way cleaning windows can be done
A. washing one's hands just once because, if done correctly, once is sufficient
Which approach to therapy focuses on the early stages of psychosexual development to provide insight into understanding the causes of a person's disorder? A. behavioral B. psychodynamic C. cognitive D. medical
B. psychodynamic
Cognitions can affect all of the following EXCEPT our A. emotions. B. reflexes. C. behavior. D. expectations.
B. reflexes.
How old was Patty when she heard about Second Life? A. She was 18. B. She had just turned 25. C. She was 61. D. She was just about to turn 40.
D. She was just about to turn 40.
Why is it important that the client's ACC and insula interpret and associate the pain of the shocks with her gambling behavior? A. because the ACC cannot create new neural pathways without interpreting and associating the shocks with gambling B. because the insula cannot create new neural pathways without interpreting and associating the shocks with gambling C. because the network of neurons in the ACC can only be modified with interpretation and pairing D. because the ACC and insula cannot create new neural pathways in the brain without interpreting and associating the shocks with gambling
D. because the ACC and insula cannot create new neural pathways in the brain without interpreting and associating the shocks with gambling
A person seeking CBT treatment for anger issues should expect to use frontal lobe controlled _______ to work through solutions that require high levels of thinking and cognitive attention. A. obsessive thoughts B. highly complex actions C. complex, intrusive thoughts D. higher mental processing
D. higher mental processing
Nineteen-year-old Ryland thinks to herself, "I'll never find someone to love. I'll be old and gray and all alone." This is an example of A. teenage catastrophizing. B. girl self-talk. C. healthy self-knowledge. D. maladaptive cognitions.
D. maladaptive cognitions.
Systematic desensitization involves a series of steps. Which of the following examples demonstrates the first step of systematic desensitization? A. Riley is afraid of needles. He wants to become a nurse so he is thinking about going to therapy to overcome his fear. B. John and his therapist created a hierarchy of fears over his fear of dogs. This hierarchy of fears list includes seeing dog videos online and going to visit friends that he knows have dogs. C. Marty is afraid of flying. His therapist has been teaching him relaxation techniques in her office. D. Silas is afraid of snakes. He and his therapist have made an appointment at a local pet store after hours so that they can go together and Silas can work on his relaxation techniques while holding a snake in the store.
B. John and his therapist created a hierarchy of fears over his fear of dogs. This hierarchy of fears list includes seeing dog videos online and going to visit friends that he knows have dogs.
If the client is has some sort of damage to the amygdala, what might be the likely result of this aversive conditioning she is undergoing? A. She might be unable to recall her gambling memories. B. She might be unable to create an appropriate association between the shock and her gambling. C. She could forget all of her gambling experiences. D. She might be unable to remember that she is undergoing aversion therapy.
B. She might be unable to create an appropriate association between the shock and her gambling.
What is the process or pathway that occurs in the brain after the person recognizes the snake as a threat? A. Signals sent by the medulla oblongata trigger the sympathetic nervous system to engage the fight-or-flight response. B. Signals sent by the amygdala and thalamus trigger the sympathetic nervous system to engage the fight-or-flight response. C. The thalamus triggers the paraysmpathetic nervous system to engage in the fight-or-flight response. D. The amygdala triggers the parasympathetic nervous system to engage in the fight-or-flight response.
B. Signals sent by the amygdala and thalamus trigger the sympathetic nervous system to engage the fight-or-flight response.
Which of the following describes what is happening in Jake's brain while undergoing CBT to help address his OCD? A. Jake's frontal lobe helps him feel calm as he attempts behavioral changes. B. Neural pathways are being reduced to allow the frontal lobe and the basal nuclei more effective communication. C. Jake's basal ganglia, which influence routine behaviors, are changed. D. Dopamine levels drop and serotonin levels rise as conscious behavior changes are made within the front lobe.
C. Jake's basal ganglia, which influence routine behaviors, are changed.
Some animals are genetically programmed to fear their predators. Is this an animal version of a phobia? A. No, phobias are genetic. B. Yes, phobias are genetic. C. No, phobias are learned associations that can be broken with therapy. D. Yes, phobias are learned associations that can be broken with therapy.
C. No, phobias are learned associations that can be broken with therapy.
What is cognition? A. the ability to identify and challenge negative thought patterns and beliefs B. the impact on our expectations for the future due our behaviors and emotions C. the way we think, process, and remember information D. the consideration of alternative ways of thinking
C. the way we think, process, and remember information
Amelia often treats her depressed clients with drug therapy in hopes of adjusting the levels of serotonin in the brain. Amelia was most likely trained in the _________ perspective. A. behavioral B. psychodynamic C. cognitive D. medical
D. medical