Chapter 17 Osteology of the skull
Squamous suture
connects the parietal and temporal bones
Sagittal suture
connects the parietal bones
tympanic
encloses the essential hearing organs
zygomatic process
extends out to form the zygomatic arch
3 foramina can be seen on the sphenoid bone from the internal aspect. Name them:
foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, and foramen spinosum
Ethmoid bone location & purpose:
forms a part of the nasal cavity, nasal septum and orbit.Located anteriorly at the base of the cranium and is made up of a perpendicular or cribiform plate. (part of the neurocranium and or viscerocranium)
Frontal bone
forms the forehead and anterior aspect of the skull.
From internal view, the occipital bone is divided into ____ ____ which house lobes of the brain.
four fossae
An important nerve in dentistry, that passses through the hypoglossal canal is?
hypoglassal nerve
carotid canal location & purpose:
in front of the jugular foramen; opening for the internal carotid artery
suture
is a jagged line where bones join
canal
is a long opening through bone
cribiform plate
is perforated to allow olfactory nerves to pass between the brain and nose.
inferior orbital fissue
is the entrance to the orbit for the infraorbital nerve
optic foramen
is the opening for the optic nerve and opththalmic artery
Coronal suture
joins the frontal and parietal bones
Lambdoidal suture
joins the occipital and parietal bones
jugular foramen location:
just lateral to the occipital condyles and between the petrous portion of the temporal bone
foramen magnum
large opening through wich the spinal cord passes.
glabella
the flattened area between the eyebrows
squamous
the flattened, fan-shaped portion of the temporal bone
pterygoid process decends from
the greater wing of the sphenoid bone
mandibular (glenoid) fossa
the mandible articulates with this one
foramen ovale
the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3) passes.
Viscerocranium
the part of the facial skeleton that gives us our appearance
Neurocranium
the portion of the cranium that houses and protects the brain.
frontal eminence
the prominent are of the forehead
The temporal bones consist of 3 parts:
the squamous, the petrous, and the tympanic
supraorbital forament
the superior margin of the orbit (eye) through which the supraorbital nerve and arterry pass.
foramen rotundum
transmits the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2).
foramen spinosum
transmits the middle meningeal artery to the brain.
The temporal bones have several portions:
zygomatic process, mandibular (glenoid) fossa, articular eminence or tubercle
Neurocranium bones
Single Bones: Occipital, Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Frontal Paired Bones: Parietal, Temporal
Which bones have two curving lines, the superior and inferior temporal lines, that serve as the attachment for the temporalis muscle (for mastication)?
parietal bones
A depression seen on the surface of the sphenoid bone (sella turcica) houses the
pituitary gland
The occipital bone forms the ___ aspect of the skull.
posterior
mastoid process location & purpose:
posterior to the acoustic meatus, a rounded prominence , hollowed out by air cells that communicate with the middle ear.
Bones of the orbit
sphenoid, ethmoid, lacrimal, frontal, zygomatic, and maxilia.
Four sutures that outline or delineate the frontal bone are:
1. Coronal suture 2. Sagittal suture 3. Lambdoidal suture 4. Squamous suture
How many bones make up the skull?
22
articular eminence or tubercle
a "V" shaped projection located in front of the glenoid fossa
Each pterygoid process is made up of:
a flattened, lateral plate (outside) a thinner, medial plate (inside) a pterygoid (scaphoid) fossa - depression between the medial and lateral plates ptwrygoid hamulus - a pointed process that curves outward from the lower (free) end of the medial plate.
Suture
a joining of two bones
Canal
a large opening though a bone
styloidmastoid foramen location & purpose:
a large opening through which the internal jugular vein, glossopharyngeal (IV), vagus (X), and (spinal) accessory (XI) nerves exit the skull
styloid process location & purpose:
a pointed spicule of bone, serves as a muscle and ligament attachment.
foramen
a short opening through bone
Foramen
an opening in a bone or hard tissue.
superciliary ridge
are located above each eyebrow
The occipital bone articulates with the ___, or first ____ _____ by way of the occipital ____.
atlas/ cervical vertebra/ condyles.
external auditory (acoustic) meatus location & purpose:
located in the tympanic portion, is the opening for the outer ear
sphenoid bone
looks like a bat with a body, 2 greater wings snd 2 lesser wings. It articulates with all bones that form the cranium.
Which nerves pass through the superior orbital fissue to enter the orbit?
oculomotor (III), trochlear (IV), ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal (V), an the abducent (VI)
The hypoglossal canals are located
on either side of the foramen magnum.