Chapter 18 Science Test

The particle model describes light as a. a stream of photons b. an interference pattern c. a wave d. an electric field

a stream of photons

The closer you get to a source of light, the ______________ the light appears.

brighter

Circle the letter that gives the correct speed of light in a vacuum. a. 3.00 X 10^8 kilometers per second b. 3.00 X 10^8 meters per hour c. 3.00 X 10^8 meters per second d. 3.00 X 10^8 kilometers per hour

c

Electromagnetic waves a. all have the same wavelength b. do not carry energy c. can travel through empty space d. all have the same frequency

can travel through empty space

Any two colors of light that combine to form white light

complementary colors of light

Magnetic fields are produced by magnets, by changing ____________, and by vibrating charges

electric fields

The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves traveling through matter or across space is called _________________

electromagnetic radiation

the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves traveling through matter or across space

electromagnetic radiation

Is the following sentence true or false? Electromagnetic waves need a medium to travel through.

false

The electromagnetic waves with the highest frequency are a. infrared rays b. gamma rays c. ultraviolet waves d. radio waves

gamma rays

Ultraviolet radiation has applications in ____________ and ______________

health and medicine, agriculture

An object that produces its own light is a. luminous b. coherent c. opaque d. translucent

luminous

Electric fields are produced by electrically charged particles and by changing ____________

magnetic fields

Objects appear fuzzy through a material that appear _______ a. polarized b. translucent c. transparent d. opaque

translucent

material that scatters light

translucent

material that transmits light

transparent

Is the following sentence true or false? Just as light can affect matter, matter can affect light.

true

Name each kind of wave in the electromagnetic spectrum, from the longest to shortest wavelength.

Radio waves, Infrared rays, Visible light, Ultraviolet rays, X-rays, Gamma rays

Interference only occurs when two or more waves overlap, so ______________ experiment showed that light behaves like a ___________

Young'e, wave

Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about electric and magnetic fields. a. An electromagnetic wave occurs when electric and magnetic fields vibrate at right angles to each other. b. A magnetic field is surrounded by an electric current. c. Changing electric and magnetic fields regenerate each other. d. Electromagnetic waves are produced when an electric charge vibrates.

a,c,d

Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about electromagnetic waves. a. Different electromagnetic waves can have different frequencies. b. Wavelength is directly proportional to frequency. c. Electromagnetic waves always travel at the speed of light. d. All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum.

a,d

the amplitude of the wav is varied

amplitude modulation

Circle the letter of each way infrared rays are used. a. source of light b. to discover areas of heat differences c. source of heat d. to discover areas of depth differences

b,c

Circle the letter of each way that radio waves might be used. a. x-ray machines b. microwave ovens c. radio technology d. television technology

b,c,d

Any two colors of pigments that combine to make black pigment

complementary colors of pigments

As the wavelengths of electromagnetic waves increase, the frequencies _____________, for waves moving in a ____________

decrease, vacuum

When parallel light eaves strike a rough, uneven surface and reflect in many different directions, _______ reflection occurs

diffuse

occurs when parallel light waves strike a rough, uneven surface, and reflect in many different directions

diffuse reflection

the process in which white light separates into colors

dispersion

Electromagnetic waves are produced when an _____________ vibrates or accelerates

electric charge

in a region of space exerts electric forces on charged particles

electric field

the full range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation is called

electromagnetic spectrum

transverse waves consisting of changing electric fields and changing magnetic fields

electromagnetic waves

transverse waves that consist of changing electric fields and changing magnetic fields

electromagnetic waves

Gamma rays have the highest ____________ and therefore the most __________ and the greatest penetrating ability of all the electromagnetic waves

energy

Is the following sentence true or false? William Herschel determined that the temperature of colors of light was higher at the blue end and lower at the red end.

false

As a thunderstorm approaches, you see the lightning before you hear the thunder, because light travels _______ than sound

faster

the frequency of the wave is varied

frequency modulation

A copy of an object formed by reflected or refracted light waves is known as an ______________

image

a copy of an object formed by reflected waves of light

image

As photons travel farther from the source, the ____________ of light decreases

intensity

the rate at which an object's energy flows through a given unit of area

intensity

in a region of space produces magnetic forces

magnetic fields

a false or distorted image

mirage

Blue light has a higher frequency than red light, so photons of blue light have ____________ energy than photons of red light

more

Material that absorbs or reflects all of the light that strikes it

opaque

material either absorbs or reflects all of the light that strikes it

opaque

The emission of electrons from a metal is called the _______________ effect

photoelectric

the emission of electrons from a metal caused by light striking the metal

photoelectric effect

packets of energy

photons

a material that absorbs some colors of light and reflects other colors

pigment

Light that vibrates only in one direction is a. scattered b. reflected c. refracted d. polarized

polarized

light with waves that vibrate in only one plane

polarized light

are the specific colors are three specific colors that can be combined in varying amounts to create all possible colors. (red, green, blue)

primary colors

Herschel's curiosity led him to conclude there must be invisible ____________ beyond the red end of the color band

radiation

Microwaves and radar are a. infrared rays b. X-rays c. ultraviolet waves d. radio waves

radio waves

Intensity is the ____________ at which a wave's energy flows through a given unit of area

rate

When light strikes a new medium, it can be __________, ____________, or ___________

reflected, absorbed, transmitted

a green object a. absorbs green light b. reflect green light c. absorbs yellow and blue light d. reflects red and blue light

reflects green light

Light bends, or _________, when it passes at an angle from one type of medium into another

refracts

When parallel light waves strike an uneven surface and reflect off it in the same direction, ______________ reflection occurs

regular

occurs when parallel light waves strike a surface and reflect all in the same direction

regular reflection

When light is transmitted, it can be refracted, polarized, or ______________

scattered

The effect when light is redirected as it passes through a medium is called ____________

scattering

means that light is redirected as it passes through a medium

scattering

is a combination of to primary colors (cyan, yellow, magenta)

secondary colors

Thermograms show variations in _______ and are used to find places where a building loses heat to the environment

temperature

are color-coded pictures that show variations in temperature

thermograms

material scatters light

translucent

it allows most of the light that strikes it to pass through it

transparent

Is the following sentence true or false? All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed through a vacuum.

true

Is the following sentence true or false? Light with waves that vibrate in only one plane is polarized light.

true

Is the following sentence true or false? One use for visible light is to help people communicate with one another.

true

Is the following sentence true or false? The full range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation is called the electromagnetic spectrum.

true

Is the following sentence true or false? Ultraviolet radiation helps your skin produce Vitamin D

true

Is the following sentence true or false? Without light, nothing is visible.

true

is the following sentence true or false? X-rays have higher frequencies than ultraviolet rays

true

Electromagnetic radiation behaves sometimes like a _______ and sometimes like a stream of ______________

wave, particles

Combining equal intensities of red light, green light, and blue light makes a. a secondary color b. a complementary color c. black light d. white light

white light