Chapter 18 Science Test
The particle model describes light as a. a stream of photons b. an interference pattern c. a wave d. an electric field
a stream of photons
The closer you get to a source of light, the ______________ the light appears.
brighter
Circle the letter that gives the correct speed of light in a vacuum. a. 3.00 X 10^8 kilometers per second b. 3.00 X 10^8 meters per hour c. 3.00 X 10^8 meters per second d. 3.00 X 10^8 kilometers per hour
c
Electromagnetic waves a. all have the same wavelength b. do not carry energy c. can travel through empty space d. all have the same frequency
can travel through empty space
Any two colors of light that combine to form white light
complementary colors of light
Magnetic fields are produced by magnets, by changing ____________, and by vibrating charges
electric fields
The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves traveling through matter or across space is called _________________
electromagnetic radiation
the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves traveling through matter or across space
electromagnetic radiation
Is the following sentence true or false? Electromagnetic waves need a medium to travel through.
false
The electromagnetic waves with the highest frequency are a. infrared rays b. gamma rays c. ultraviolet waves d. radio waves
gamma rays
Ultraviolet radiation has applications in ____________ and ______________
health and medicine, agriculture
An object that produces its own light is a. luminous b. coherent c. opaque d. translucent
luminous
Electric fields are produced by electrically charged particles and by changing ____________
magnetic fields
Objects appear fuzzy through a material that appear _______ a. polarized b. translucent c. transparent d. opaque
translucent
material that scatters light
translucent
material that transmits light
transparent
Is the following sentence true or false? Just as light can affect matter, matter can affect light.
true
Name each kind of wave in the electromagnetic spectrum, from the longest to shortest wavelength.
Radio waves, Infrared rays, Visible light, Ultraviolet rays, X-rays, Gamma rays
Interference only occurs when two or more waves overlap, so ______________ experiment showed that light behaves like a ___________
Young'e, wave
Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about electric and magnetic fields. a. An electromagnetic wave occurs when electric and magnetic fields vibrate at right angles to each other. b. A magnetic field is surrounded by an electric current. c. Changing electric and magnetic fields regenerate each other. d. Electromagnetic waves are produced when an electric charge vibrates.
a,c,d
Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about electromagnetic waves. a. Different electromagnetic waves can have different frequencies. b. Wavelength is directly proportional to frequency. c. Electromagnetic waves always travel at the speed of light. d. All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum.
a,d
the amplitude of the wav is varied
amplitude modulation
Circle the letter of each way infrared rays are used. a. source of light b. to discover areas of heat differences c. source of heat d. to discover areas of depth differences
b,c
Circle the letter of each way that radio waves might be used. a. x-ray machines b. microwave ovens c. radio technology d. television technology
b,c,d
Any two colors of pigments that combine to make black pigment
complementary colors of pigments
As the wavelengths of electromagnetic waves increase, the frequencies _____________, for waves moving in a ____________
decrease, vacuum
When parallel light eaves strike a rough, uneven surface and reflect in many different directions, _______ reflection occurs
diffuse
occurs when parallel light waves strike a rough, uneven surface, and reflect in many different directions
diffuse reflection
the process in which white light separates into colors
dispersion
Electromagnetic waves are produced when an _____________ vibrates or accelerates
electric charge
in a region of space exerts electric forces on charged particles
electric field
the full range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation is called
electromagnetic spectrum
transverse waves consisting of changing electric fields and changing magnetic fields
electromagnetic waves
transverse waves that consist of changing electric fields and changing magnetic fields
electromagnetic waves
Gamma rays have the highest ____________ and therefore the most __________ and the greatest penetrating ability of all the electromagnetic waves
energy
Is the following sentence true or false? William Herschel determined that the temperature of colors of light was higher at the blue end and lower at the red end.
false
As a thunderstorm approaches, you see the lightning before you hear the thunder, because light travels _______ than sound
faster
the frequency of the wave is varied
frequency modulation
A copy of an object formed by reflected or refracted light waves is known as an ______________
image
a copy of an object formed by reflected waves of light
image
As photons travel farther from the source, the ____________ of light decreases
intensity
the rate at which an object's energy flows through a given unit of area
intensity
in a region of space produces magnetic forces
magnetic fields
a false or distorted image
mirage
Blue light has a higher frequency than red light, so photons of blue light have ____________ energy than photons of red light
more
Material that absorbs or reflects all of the light that strikes it
opaque
material either absorbs or reflects all of the light that strikes it
opaque
The emission of electrons from a metal is called the _______________ effect
photoelectric
the emission of electrons from a metal caused by light striking the metal
photoelectric effect
packets of energy
photons
a material that absorbs some colors of light and reflects other colors
pigment
Light that vibrates only in one direction is a. scattered b. reflected c. refracted d. polarized
polarized
light with waves that vibrate in only one plane
polarized light
are the specific colors are three specific colors that can be combined in varying amounts to create all possible colors. (red, green, blue)
primary colors
Herschel's curiosity led him to conclude there must be invisible ____________ beyond the red end of the color band
radiation
Microwaves and radar are a. infrared rays b. X-rays c. ultraviolet waves d. radio waves
radio waves
Intensity is the ____________ at which a wave's energy flows through a given unit of area
rate
When light strikes a new medium, it can be __________, ____________, or ___________
reflected, absorbed, transmitted
a green object a. absorbs green light b. reflect green light c. absorbs yellow and blue light d. reflects red and blue light
reflects green light
Light bends, or _________, when it passes at an angle from one type of medium into another
refracts
When parallel light waves strike an uneven surface and reflect off it in the same direction, ______________ reflection occurs
regular
occurs when parallel light waves strike a surface and reflect all in the same direction
regular reflection
When light is transmitted, it can be refracted, polarized, or ______________
scattered
The effect when light is redirected as it passes through a medium is called ____________
scattering
means that light is redirected as it passes through a medium
scattering
is a combination of to primary colors (cyan, yellow, magenta)
secondary colors
Thermograms show variations in _______ and are used to find places where a building loses heat to the environment
temperature
are color-coded pictures that show variations in temperature
thermograms
material scatters light
translucent
it allows most of the light that strikes it to pass through it
transparent
Is the following sentence true or false? All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed through a vacuum.
true
Is the following sentence true or false? Light with waves that vibrate in only one plane is polarized light.
true
Is the following sentence true or false? One use for visible light is to help people communicate with one another.
true
Is the following sentence true or false? The full range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation is called the electromagnetic spectrum.
true
Is the following sentence true or false? Ultraviolet radiation helps your skin produce Vitamin D
true
Is the following sentence true or false? Without light, nothing is visible.
true
is the following sentence true or false? X-rays have higher frequencies than ultraviolet rays
true
Electromagnetic radiation behaves sometimes like a _______ and sometimes like a stream of ______________
wave, particles
Combining equal intensities of red light, green light, and blue light makes a. a secondary color b. a complementary color c. black light d. white light
white light