Chapter 18 Study Guide

How do domains and kingdoms differ

A domain is more inclusive and larger than a kingdom.

The three domains are

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

Why might a particular kind of organism have more than one common name?

Because common names are different in different places

What features of binomial nomenclature make it useful for scientists of all nations?

Binomial nomenclature is useful to all scientists because each name is unique, a combination of the genus name and a term that is different for each species in the genus. Each scientific name is assigned to only one species, so different species are not confused.

Which of the following shoes the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms A. Taxon B. Domain C. Binomial Nomenclature D. Cladogram

D. Cladogram

What criteria are used to classify an organism?

Evolutionary relationships and structural similarities of organisms.

A kingdom that includes only heterotrophs is

Fungi.

What characteristics are used to place an organism in the domain Bacteria?

Members of domain Bacteria are all unicellular and prokaryotic. Cell walls contain peptidoglycan.

What characteristic(s) differentiate the kingdom Animalia from the kingdom Plantae?

Members of the Animalia kingdom are heterotrophic, don't have cell walls, and are mobile

Describe the four kingdoms that comprise the domain Eukarya.

Protists, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

Sequence Linnaeus's seven taxonomic categories from smallest to largest

Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, and kingdom.

Which domain consists of prokaryotes whose cell walls lack peptidoglycan?

They are placed in the kingdom Archaea.

Explain the goal of evolutionary classification

To group organisms based on their evolutionary history instead of on physical similarities.

Why do biologists assign each organism a universally accepted name

To provide consistency and avoid confusion.

In classifying organisms orders are grouped together into

classes

Solely from its name you know that Rhizopus nigricans must be

in the genus Rhizopus

the largest most inclusive of Linnaeus's taxonomic categories is the

kingdom

The science that specializes in the classification of organisms is

taxonomy

A useful classification system does NOT

use different scientific names for the same organism