Chapter 2: Psychological Methods

Gathering information by asking people directly is generally done through?

a survey

What is a hypothesis?

an educated guess about the answer to a research question

Which of the following are used by psychologists to investigate in depth an individual or a small group?

case studies

A study must be replicated in order to?

confirm its findings

Which observation method do psychologists use to compare the behavior of individuals in different age groups?

cross-sectional method

What is the final step in the research process?

drawing conclusions about research questions and the hypotheses

In an experiment, the independent variable is the?

factor in an experiment that researchers manipulate

To ensure that people are not harmed by experimental treatments, scientists?

follow ethical standards

When people agree to participate in a research study, they are?

giving informed consent

What is the first step in conducting research?

Forming a research question

What research method studies participants over a period of time?

longitudinal method

Researchers use correlation to?

measure how closely one thing is related to another

The relationship between good nutrition and good health is an example of?

positive correlation

When researchers want to answer questions about cause and effect, they use?

the experimental method

Which of the following can skew the results of a study?

volunteer bias