chapter 20191024

9. Which of the following could be categorized as an adverse reaction?

A. idiosyncrasy B. drug allergy C. teratogenicity D. carcinogenicity

Factor(s) that reduce patient drug compliance include

A. mental confusion B. polypharmacy C. drug side effects D. drug costs

Select the term below that relates to the amount of drug administered to produce a therapeutic effect.

B. toxicology C. pharmacodynamics D. pharmacotherapeutics

1. The drug administration route demonstrating the slowest onset of action is

B. transdermal

4. The proprietary drug name supplied by a pharmaceutical company is also referred to as the

C. trade name

2. The medical situation when a particular drug should not be administered is referred to as

D. contraindication

2. In order for drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier, they must be

D. lipid soluble

6. A drug that has the potential for abuse and is regulated by the Drug Enforcement Agency is classified as a

D. controlled substance

9. Select the adverse effects of digoxin.

D. only nausea and vomiting and visual disturbances

8. Which factor of individual variation is dependent upon the patient's attitude toward treatment?

D. placebo effect

A Typical Time-Plasma Drug Concentration Curve

Onset of action, duration of action, Termination of action. Toxic drug range, Therapeutic drug range, Ineffective drug range

movement of drug in the body

Parenteral, oral, Absorption into bloodstream, Distribution to body, Metabolism-liver, excretion - GI tract, excretion-kidney

7. The rate of drug absorption would be increased by which of the following?

drug ionization formulation

The time a drug continues to produce its effect is its

duration of action

elect the factor that would not cause a decrease in drug metabolism in the elderly.

e tobacco smoking

The study of the amount of drug that is required to produce therapeutic effects.

e. posology

The science of preparing and dispensing medicines.

f. pharmacy

The study of the harmful effects of drugs on living tissue

g. toxicology

sequence in order of quickest onset of action to slowest onset of reaction

intravenous, sublingual, rectal, oral

the main effect of aging on drug absorption is

c slowing of drug absorption

The study of drugs.

c. pharmacology

Change to which pharmacokinetic process leads to longer duration of action of drugs?

A. decreased excretion B. decreased distribution

3. The actions of digoxin (Lanoxin) include

A. decreased heart rate B. inhibition of Na/K ATPase C. increased calcium inside heart muscle D. increase formation of actinomyosin E. all of these

7. Which medication reduces edema by blocking the reabsorption of sodium in the distal tubules?

D. chlorothiazide

elect the factor that would cause a decrease in drug metabolism in the elderly.

A. decreased liver blood flow B. decreased drug microsomal enzymes C. reduced liver organ size D. decreased cardiac output

Drug distribution is affected with aging due to

.b decreased total body water

1. The therapeutic actions of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors include

A. arterial dilation B. elimination of sodium C. venous dilation D. increased bradykinin E. all of these

Age-related physiological changes that occur in humans include

A. decreased cardiac output B. decrease in organ size C. decreased blood flow to the liver D. fewer cells to carry out organ functions

10. The main effects of beta blockers include

A. slowing the heart rate

10. Which type of drug interaction describes a combined effect equal to the sum of the individual effects of two drugs?

A. summation

6. The causes of heart failure include

A. untreated hypertension B. weakening of contractile force C. myocardial infarction D. valvular defects E. all of these

8. Vasodilators decrease afterload by affecting

B. arteries

6. When a drug increases the rate of drug metabolism of other drugs, the process is termed (LO 2.2)

B. enzyme induction

5. The most effective drug to relieve edema and congestion in acute heart failure would be

B. furosemide (Lasix)

5. The time from drug administration to the first observable drug effect is known as the

B. onset of action

2. The mechanism of action of triamterene (Dyrenium) is to

C. block sodium channels at nephron collecting ducts

4. The actions of carvedilol (Coreg) include

C. blockade of beta receptors and blockade of alpha-1 receptors

Nutritional deficiencies, particularly decreased protein intake, can

C. decrease drug metabolizing enzymes

3. An unusual or unexpected drug reaction by an individual is known as

C. idiosyncrasy

3. First-pass metabolism refers to the metabolism of drugs in the

C. liver

8. A medication that does not require a physician's service to obtain is referred to as

C. nonprescription

1. The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion is known as

C. pharmacokinetics

9. Which FDA pregnancy category would appear to be the safest for a developing fetus?

D. Category D

5. Drugs that have demonstrated teratogenic effects in women are classified as Pregnancy Category

D. x

Following absorption the drug is distributed to all the tissues of the body.

The liver metabolizes the drug so that the metabolites can be excreted by the kidneys and GI tract.

order from most beneficial to most harmful

Therapeutic effect, side effect, adverse effect, toxic effect

factors that affect bioavailability include

a drug formulation b route of administration c Gi adsorption

The study of the action of drugs on living tissue.

a. pharmacodynamics

4. Drug X has a half-life of 6 hours. How much drug is left in the body 18 hours after an IV injection of 1200 milligrams (mg)?

b 150mg

The measurement of creatinine can be used to evaluate

b renal function

The study of the processes of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.

b. pharmacokinetics

The study of the use of drugs in treating disease.

pharmacotherapeutics

which terminals could be associated with an agonist

receptor site