chapter 20:electricity

Electric Circuit

is a complete path through which electric charge can flow.

Electric Current

is a continuous flow of electric charge.

Semiconductor

is a crystalline solid that conducts electric current only under certain conditions.

Battery

is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy.

Fuse

is a device that prevents overheating due to current in a circuit.

Electric Field

is a field in a region of space that exerts electric force on charged particles in a field produced by electric charges or by changing magnetic fields.

Alternating Current (AC)

is a flow electric charged that regularly reverses in direction.

Direct Current (DC)

is a flow of electric charge in only one direction.

Law of Conservation of Charge

is a law stating that the total electric charge in an isolated system is constant; electric charge is never created or destroyed.

Superconductor

is a material that has almost zero resistance when it is cooled to low temperatures.

Electrical Conductor

is a material through which electric charge can flow easily.

Electrical Insulator

is a material through which electric charge cannot flow easily.

Computer

is a programable device that can store and process information.

Electric Charge

is a property that causes subatomic particles sush as protons and electrons to attract or repel one another.

Digital Signal

is a signal that encodes information as a string of 1's and 0's.

Analog Signal

is a smooth varying signal produced by continuously changing the voltage or current.

Diode

is a solid-state component with a n-type semiconductor joined to a p-type semiconductor.

Transistor

is a solid-state component with three layers of semiconductor material, used to turn current on or off or to increase the strength of electronic signals.

Circuit Breaker

is a switch that opens when the current in a circuit is too high.

Integrated Circuit

is a thin slice of silicon that contains many solid-state components; a microchip.

Parallel Circuit

is an electric circuit which two or more paths through which charge can flow.

Series Circuit

is an electric circuit with only one path through which charge can flow.

Electronic Signal

is information sent as patterns in the controlled flow of electrons through a circuit.

Voltage

is potential difference, the difference in electric potential energy between two places in an electric field.

Electric Force

is the attraction or repulsion between electrically charged objects.

Resistance

is the opposition to the flow of electric charge in a material.

Electric Power

is the rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy.

Ohm's Law

is the relationship of voltage, current, and resistance: V=IR.

Electronics

is the science of using electrical currents to process or transmit information.

Static Electricity

is the study of the behavior of electric changes, including how charge is transferred between objects.

Induction

is the transfer of charge without contract between materials.

Grounding

is the transfer of excess charge through a conductor to Earth.

Potential Difference

is voltage, or the difference in electric potential energy between two places in an electric field.