Chapter 22: Organization of the Body

The type of tissue that specializes in sending electrical messages is ___________.

Nervous

The _______ plan divides the body into inferior and superior positions.

Transverse

A pH of _____ is neither an acid nor a base.

7

Most of the organs of digestion are found in the ________ cavity.

Abdominal

In water, ______ release hydrogen ions.

Acids

Carrier molecules help move substances from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration by ________.

Active transport

Mrs. Frantello brings her 3-year-old son David to the office because he seems a little behind other children his age. David has a rather long fact with large ears. The physician orders tests for David to rule out fragile X syndrome. While she is in the office, she informs the physician that she is pregnant again. What test would you expect the physician to consider for Mrs. Frantello?

Amniocentesis (fetal test)

The position toward the front of the body is ___________.

Anterior

The nose is _______ to the ears.

Anterior (toward the front of the body)

Molecules are composed of _________.

At least two atoms bonded together

_______ release hydroxyl ions in water.

Bases

Which of the following is primarily used to make energy?

Carbohydrates

Which of the following is made up of phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates and is very thing and selectively permeable?

Cell membrane

Which of the following terms means to surgically remove the colon?

Colectomy

Cartilage is _____ tissue that gives shape to structures such as the ears and nose.

Connective

In which type of tissue are cells separated by a matrix?

Connective

Which of the following is a life-threatening disease that mainly affects the lungs and pancreas?

Cystic fibrosis

The ________ of a cell is mostly water, ions, and nutrients and contains organelles that perform many functions.

Cytoplasm

The genetic information for the body is located in __________.

DNA

Bone are positioned ________ to the skin.

Deep

Substances "spread out" by ________.

Diffusion

The movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semipermeable membrane is __________.

Diffusion

The fingers are ________ to the elbow.

Distal (farther away from a point from the trunk of the body)

The brain is _______ to the nose.

Dorsal (back of the body)

George is a 10-year-old new patient who was brought to the office by his father because George's teacher noted the George may have a hearing impairment. While taking George's history, you note that he has a rather flat face with slanting eyes, and his tongue protrude slightly. He appears to have poor muscle tone, and when you ask him a question, is father answers for him. Although his father has not indicated that George suffers from any particular disorder, from your observations you may suspect George has _______.

Down syndrome

When put in water, _______ release positively or negatively charged ions.

Electrolytes

Glandular tissue is classified as a type of _______ tissue.

Epithelial

Which of these tissues covers the body and most organs?

Epithelial

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions?

Frontal

A _________ is the segment of DNA that determines a body trait.

Gene

Which of these genetic disorders, in which clotting factors are missing, primarily affects males?

Hemophilia

The knees are positioned _______ to the hips.

Inferior (towards the bottom)

Positively or negatively charged particles released by electrolytes are _________.

Ions

Vince is a 24-year-old diabetic patient who has come to the office complaining of infertility. You check his vital signs and discover that his blood pressure, temperature, and respirations are normal. He is 6 feet 4 inches tall and weighs 235 pounds. Which of the following disorders might Vince have?

Kinefelter's syndrome (chromosomal abnormality that affects males)

A position that is farther away from the midlines of the body is _________.

Lateral

Triglycerides are one form of _______ and are used to store energy in cells.

Lipid (fats)

During mitosis, the nucleus _________.

Makes a complete copy of each pair of chromosomes

The position closest to the midline of the body is _________.

Medial

The overall chemicals functioning of the body is ________.

Metabolism

The _______ plane divides the body equally into right and left halves.

Midsagittal

The type of tissue that is able to contract and relax is _______ tissue.

Muscle

Which of these tissues can be voluntary or involuntary in its action?

Muscle

The ______ of a cell is usually found near the center of the cell and contains the chromosomes.

Nucleus

The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane is ______.

Osmosis

Water moves toward a higher concentration of solutes by ________.

Osmosis

The inability to synthesize the enzyme needed to produce tyrosine results in _________ which, if not detected early, can cause irreversible organ and brain damage.

Phenyiketonuria (PKU)

The _______ is a word part at the beginning of a medical term that alters the meaning of the word root.

Prefix

Which substance are the structural materials for building solid body parts?

Proteins

The elbow is _____ to the wrist.

Proximal

Which of the following describes a position close to the point of attachment or to the trunk of the body?

Proximal

The pelvic cavity contains the __________.

Reproductive organs

Which plan divides the body into right and left portions?

Sagittal

In order for anatomical terms to be universally understood, it is assumed that the body is in the anatomical position, which is _____________.

Standing upright and facing forward with the arms at the sides and the palms of the hands facing forward.

In anatomical position the body is _________________.

Standing with arms at the sides and palms facing forward.

In medical terminology, the word part at the end of the word, which alters the meaning of the word root, is the __________.

Suffix

In what position is the skin relative to the muscles?

Superficial (close to the surface of the body)

The position above or close to the head is __________.

Superior

The thoracic cavity is ______ to the abdominal cavity.

Superior (above or close to the head)

Which term means rapid breathing?

Tachypnea

The cardiovascular system is ____________.

Two or more organs working toward the same goal