Chapter 22- World History essay questions
On "bloody Sunday," russin protestors marched on the winter palace of tsar Nicholas II. how much did the tsar react to the protest? what consequences did this reaction have?
the march on the winter palace was a peaceful protest organized by a priest. the marchers carried holy icons, pictures of the tsar, and a petition. the tsar did not consider that the marchers might be peaceful and even respectful of his authority. instead he called in troops and left the palace. the situation brought about the shootings that killed hundreds.
The reigns of different Russian tsars followed a similar pattern, cycling between reform and repression. What conditions in Russia were contributing to this pattern?
The Russian tsars ruled with aboslute power. They recognized the need for reform but resisted those reforms that would undermine their absolute rule. Landowning nobles dominated society, and they resisted changes, that would threaten their privileges.
what issue is Otto von Bismarck addressing in the quote above?
Bismarck is addressing the issue of German unification. the words "blood and iron" stand for warfare. he advocates war s a means of increasing Prussia power to pave the way for German unity. when he said "the mistake of 1848 and 1849" Bismarck is probably referring to the ineffectual meeting in the Frankfurt assembly when liberals demanded German political unity.
Describe Bismarcks methods for dealing with the Catholic church and his methods for dealing with the socialists after unification.
Bismarck saw both church and the socialists as threats to the German state. He had laws passed that were designed to reduce power of these groups, such as laws giving the state the right to supervise catholic education and laws banning socialist meetings. Bismarck was a realist. He worked to make peace with the church. he tried to woo workers away from socialism by sponsoring laws to protect them.
Where did Bismarck primary loyalty lie? how did this loyalty influence what he hoped to achieve with unification? how did the government he created for the German empire reflect this loyalty?
Bismarck's primary loyalty was to the Hohenzollern the ruling dynasty of Prussia. he hoped that unification would bring more power to the Hohenzollern. he accomplished this goal in the government, he set up by creating two house legislature, with members of the upper house appointed by the rulers of the German states. he gave the upper house the power to veto any decisions of the lower house. As a result the rulers, who were the Prussian emperor himself, held the real power.
Describe how nationalism affected the ottoman empire differently than it did the Prussian empire. what do you think accounted for this difference?
Nationalism was a unifying force in the Prussian empire. nationalism was a source of division in the ottoman empire. In the lands around Prussia, groups who shared the same ethnic background and language-German-actively sought a united Germany. Napoleons invasions fueled the interest of Germanic peoples in a unified German state.the ottoman empire was made up of diverse ethnic groups.It included ethnic Greeks, Serbs, Bulgarians, and Romanians, nationalist demands for independence by these diverse groups sparked revolts that tore the empire apart.