Chapter 23 Practice Quiz

Iberian monarch who set up navigation schools and hired cartographers to create up-to-date maps.

Prince Henry

By 1750, all of the following regions were linked by trade and commerce except A) Australia. B) Brazil. C) India. D) Indonesia. E) South Africa.

A) Australia.

Portuguese who first rounded the Cape of Good Hope and reached the Indian Ocean.

Bartolomeu Dias

Major motivations for European exploration of the world's oceans included all of the following except A) the search for raw materials and mineral resources. B) the search for new lands to settle and cultivate. C) population pressures in Europe. D) the desire to trade directly with Asian markets. E) the urge to extend Christianity beyond Europe.

C) population pressures in Europe.

Genoese mariner who miscalculated the distance from Europe west to Asia and stumbled on an unknown landmass.

Christopher Columbus

As a result of the Seven Years' War, Britain gained all the following except A) the French colonies in Canada. B) the French trading posts in India. C) Spanish Florida. D) Cape Town from the Dutch. E) Britain gained all of the above.

D) Cape Town from the Dutch.

Spanish mariner who crossed the Pacific Ocean and died in the Phillippines, but whose ships succeeded in circling the globe.

Ferdinand Magellan

English mariner who explored much of the Pacific Ocean while seeking a northwest passage across North America.

James Cook

Portuguese mariner who sailed around Cape of Good Hope, sailed up the east coast of Africa, and reached India.

Vasco da Gama

Portuguese sailors were able to tack against the prevailing winds by using A) a combination of square and lateen sails. B) a sternpost rudder. C) a magnetic compass. D) an astrolabe. E) a sextant.

A) a combination of square and lateen sails.

The Manila galleons were noted for A) carrying large cargoes between Mexico and the Philippines. B) supporting imperial communication since they were small and swift. C) dominating the trans-Atlantic slave trade. D) defeating the Portuguese in southeast Asia. E) all of the above.

A) carrying large cargoes between Mexico and the Philippines.

By 1800 European exploration of the Pacific Ocean resulted in all of the following except A) the discovery of a northwest passage from Europe to Asia. B) the first complete circumnavigation of the world. C) mapping of Australia, New Zealand, and the islands of the South Pacific. D) exploration of the coast of Alaska and the waters of the Arctic Ocean. E) European colonization of the Philippines.

A) the discovery of a northwest passage from Europe to Asia.

Protuguese admiral who seized in rapid succession, Hormuz, Goa, and Melaka.

Afonso d'Alboquerque

The sea route to the Indian Ocean discovered by Vasca da Gama offered European merchants A) a chance to trade with Muslim intermediaries. B) a chance to buy goods directly from Indian merchants. C) quicker access to the slave trade of west Africa. D) proof that the earth was round. E) none of the above.

B) a chance to buy goods directly from Indian merchants.

Christopher Columbus believed that by sailing west 2,500 nautical miles he would A) reach the Canary Islands and initiate a spice trade with the natives. B) find a direct and profitable route to Japan. C) discover a new continent and lost city of gold. D) find a quick passage around Africa. E) none of the above.

B) find a direct and profitable route to Japan.

Spanish forces were able to conquer the Philippines because of A) the assistance of China and India. B) the lack of a centralized, powerful state to organize resistance. C) the unhappiness of many of the Philippine people with Muslim rule. D) the desire of the island chiefdoms to enter into a treaty with the Spanish. E) the eagerness of many islanders to convert to Christianity.

B) the lack of a centralized, powerful state to organize resistance.

Which trading post is incorrectly paired with a European power? A) Goa and Portugal. B) Manila and Spain. C) Hormuz and England. D) Batavia and the Netherlands. E) Cape Town and the Netherlands.

C) Hormuz and England.

European and Arab mariners in the fifteenth century determined latitude by measuring the angle of the sun or pole star above the horizon with A) a magnetic compass. B) a telescope. C) an astrolabe or cross staff. D) a mechanical clock. E) none of the above.

C) an astrolabe or cross staff.

The English East India Company and the VOC were privately owned companies that enjoyed all of the following advantages except A) funds to outfit ships and hire crews. B) commodities and money for trade. C) direct government supervision. D) the potential for tremendous profits. E) heavily armed ships to back up their demands.

C) direct government supervision.

Smallpox, influenza, and measles spread rapidly in the Americas because of A) the densely populated urban centers. B) poor hygiene and contaminated water. C) lack of previous exposure that would build natural immunity. D) lack of access to immunizations. E) all of the above.

C) lack of previous exposure that would build natural immunity.

Which region is incorrectly paired with a primary trade good? A) Brazil and sugar. B) South Africa and wheat. C) India and cotton. D) Japan and spices. E) Peru and silver.

D) Japan and spices.

The Dutch in Indonesia concentrated their efforts on A) establishing settler colonies. B) establishing a Dutch Reform mission to counter the Catholic presence in the Philippines. C) building a plantation society on the island of Java. D) dominating the spice trade through the Sundra Strait. E) all of the above.

D) dominating the spice trade through the Sundra Strait.

By the mid-fifteenth century Portuguese mariners used a strategy called the volta do mar that A) enabled them to sail directly into the wind. B) enabled them to measure their location north and south of the equator with accuracy. C) allowed them to avoid the use of sails for extended periods of time. D) enabled them to sail with westerly winds rather than force their way against trade winds. E) allowed them to sneak up on their enemies unannounced.

D) enabled them to sail with westerly winds rather than force their way against trade winds.

In spite of the isolation and harsh climate, Russians ventured over the Urals into Siberia in search of A) trade routes to China. B) access to the Pacific. C) gold and silver. D) furs. E) timber.

D) furs.

Which of the following was not a significant presence in the Indian Ocean by the mid-eighteenth century? A) Britain. B) France. C) the Netherlands. D) Portugal. E) Russia.

E) Russia.

In Eurasia, new American food crops translated into A) overall improvements in diet and nutrition. B) steady population growth in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. C) more varied cuisine. D) better forage for livestock. E) all of the above.

E) all of the above.

In the New World, the Columbian Exchange generally resulted in A) the introduction of infectious diseases. B) the staggering loss of indigenous populations. C) the introduction of domesticated animals such as cattle and horses. D) the introduction of food crops such as wheat. E) all of the above.

E) all of the above.

Portuguese mariners succeeded in building a trading-post empire early in the sixteenth century for all of the following reasons except A) the ruthless policies of naval commander Afonso d'Alboquerque. B) the head start that Portugual enjoyed over other European powers in the exploration of the Indian Ocean. C) the use of heavy artillery to overpower other craft and onshore sights. D) the Portuguese control of strategic ports such as Hormuz and Melaka. E) the superiority of the Portuguese navy to English and Dutch forces.

E) the superiority of the Portuguese navy to English and Dutch forces.

Iberian monarch who sponsered a daring trans-Atlantic voyage in 1492.

King Fernando of Aragon