Chapter 24

The crass position is used to evaluate which one of the following structures? Shoulder Knee Ankle Wrist

Shoulder

Indications for wrist sonography include all of the following except: Tinel's sign. trauma. pain and swelling. Thompson sign.

Thompson sign.

Tendinitis is seen more often in the shoulder, wrist, and __. hip fingers knee elbow

elbow

Sonographic appearance of the normal muscle appears __. complex heterogeneous hyperechoic homogeneous

homogeneous

When compared with muscle, a normal nerve is __. hyperechoic unable to be visualized on ultrasound isoechoic hypoechoic

hyperechoic

The Achilles tendon is at an increased risk for injury because of __. its vulnerable location its limited blood supply no surrounding muscle its large size

its limited blood supply

Important artifacts in musculoskeletal ultrasound include all of the following except: mirror image. reverberation. anisotropy. refractile shadowing.

mirror image.

Acute rotator cuff tear may be caused by all of the following except: shoulder dislocation. biceps tendon rupture. years of playing tennis. falls.

years of playing tennis.

The largest tendon of the body is the __. supraspinatus Achilles biceps trapezius

Achilles

The tendon responsible for dorsal and plantar flexion of the foot is the __ tendon. patellar semimembranous biceps Achilles

Achilles

Which one of the following imaging artifacts depends on the angle of incidence? Anisotropy Reverberation Mirror image Shadowing

Anisotropy

Which one of the following structures is a bandlike flat tendon connecting muscle to bone? Synovial sheath Aponeurosis Pinnate Ligament

Aponeurosis

A bursa provides which one of the following functions? Support to tendons Support to muscles Fluid protection to areas that are subject to friction Support to tendons

Fluid protection to areas that are subject to friction

The posterior glenoid labrum is a good landmark to help locate which one of the following structures? Infraspinatus tendon Supraspinatus tendon Biceps tendon Supraspinatus tendon

Infraspinatus tendon

Support and strength of a joint result, in part, from which one of the following structures? Cartilage Muscle Bursa Ligament

Ligament

A hypoechoic halo around a tendon represents which one of the following? Normal synovial sheath Partial tear Abnormal synovial sheath Tendonitis

Normal synovial sheath

Patients with carpal tunnel syndrome typically have a positive __ sign. Phalen's Murphy Homen Thompson

Phalen's

Which one of the following imaging artifacts bends the sound beam to an oblique path? Anisotropy Reverberation Time of flight Refractile shadowing

Refractile shadowing

The easiest tendon to image in the adult shoulder is the __. supraspinatus infraspinatus subscapularis biceps

biceps

Infringement of the median nerve in the wrist results in: carpal tunnel syndrome. impingement syndrome. bursitis. arthritis.

carpal tunnel syndrome.

A complete tear of a muscle with a straightforward appearance of a retracted hyperechoic muscle surrounded by a hematoma is known as the __ sign. McBurney's clapper-in-the-bell gastrocnemius sandwich

clapper-in-the-bell

A Baker's cyst is an example of: communicating bursa. joint effusion. fatty pockets. communicating tendon.

communicating bursa.

Which one of the following types of tendinitis causes pain over the lateral wrist or thumb side of the wrist? de Quervain tendinitis de Quervain tendinitis Synovial tendinitis Carpal tunnel syndrome

de Quervain tendinitis

The most common site of an Achilles tendon tear is __. proximal medial distal lateral

distal

The proximal portion of the muscle is considered the __. bifurcation anastomosis insertion origin

origin