Chapter 24: Digestive System Questions

Which structure regulates the flow of material into the colon? A. Ileocecal sphincter B. Pyloric sphincter C. Appendix D. Sigmoid colon E.Anal canal

A. Ileocecal sphincter

Which of the following enzymes acts to produce monoglycerides along with other products? A. Lipase B. Amylase C. Trypsin D. Phosphatase E. Ligase

A. Lipase

Aminopeptidase and Dipeptidase are found in the brush border epithelium. A. True B. False

A. True

CCK stimulates the release of bile and lipases into the duodenum. A. True B. False

A. True

Carboxypeptidase breaks the bond between the terminal amino acids on the carboxy end of the peptide. A. True B. False

A. True

Distention of the stomach causes the release of the hormone gastrin. A. True B. False

A. True

Elimination of feces is the end of the digestive process. A. True B. False

A. True

Gastrin stimulates the release of more HCl and more proteases in the stomach. A. True B. False

A. True

Mastication is controlled by voluntary stimulus of skeletal muscles. A. True B. False

A. True

Pepsin is a gastric enzyme that initiates protein digestion. A. True B. False

A. True

Protein digestion begins in the stomach and ends in the small intestine. A. True B. False

A. True

Stimulation of enteroendocrine cells by fatty chime causes the release of cholecystokinin. A. True B. False

A. True

The digestive tract is essentially a muscular tube that runs from mouth to anus. A. True B. False

A. True

The presence of food is the stimulus for voluntary digestive movements. A. True B. False

A. True

CCK can A. close the pyloric sphincter. B. increase gastric emptying. C. inhibits the release of lipases. D. all of these.

A. close the pyloric sphincter.

Smooth muscle is regulated by all of the following except A. conscious movement of skeletal muscles. B. hormonal feedback loops. C. neural feedback loops. D. none of these.

A. conscious movement of skeletal muscles.

The myenteric plexus A. controls the contractile strength and frequency of the muscularis. B. supplies the secretory cells of the mucosal epithelium. C. contains sensory neurons which function as chemoreceptors. D. regulates secretion by gastrointestinal organs. E. supplies the mucosal epithelium.

A. controls the contractile strength and frequency of the muscularis.

The suffix -ase is used to identify A. enzymes. B. acids. C. reaction products. D. salts.

A. enzymes.

The gastrocolic reflex A. initiates mass peristalsis. B. intensifies peristalsis in the ileum. C. forces chyme into the cecum. D. is initiated by secretion of gastrin. E. occurs segmentally in the haustra.

A. initiates mass peristalsis.

The lamina propria of the GI tract is a layer of connective tissue found in the A. mucosa B. submucosa C. epithelium D. muscularis E. serosa

A. mucosa

Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor are secreted in the stomach by A. parietal cells. B. chief cells. C. G cells. D. mucous neck cells. E. surface mucous cells.

A. parietal cells.

Which of following processes is the function of the smooth muscle layer of the digestive system? A. Ingestion B. Secretion C. Mixing and propulsion D. Absorption E. None of these choices

C. Mixing and propulsion

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver itself? A. Conversion of carbohydrates B. Protein metabolism C. Storage of bile D. Phagocytosis E. Storage of vitamins

C. Storage of bile

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? The tongue is in direct contact with ingested food, but is still considered to be an accessory digestive organ. A. The esophagus is a muscular tube that is considered to be part of the gastrointestinal tract. B. The salivary glands are accessory digestive organs that secrete digestive enzymes into the oral cavity. C. The gallbladder is a hollow muscular organ that is considered to be part of the alimentary canal. D. The liver is an accessory digestive organ that produces secretions that flow into the small intestine.

C. The gallbladder is a hollow muscular organ that is considered to be part of the alimentary canal.

Peristalsis is A. a voluntary reflex. B. a long reflex. C. a local reflex. D. none of these.

C. a local reflex.

All of the following are brush border enzymes except A. lactase. B. alpha-dextrinase. C. amylase. D. sucrase.

C. amylase.

Sympathetic nerve impulses A. promote continuous secretion of a moderate amount of saliva. B. stimulate production of saliva in response to the feel and taste of food. C. decreases salivation in times of stress. D. promote continuous secretion of a moderate amount of saliva and stimulate production of saliva in response to the feel and taste of food are both correct. E. promote continuous secretion of a moderate amount of saliva, stimulate production of saliva in response to the feel and taste of food, and decreases salivation in times of stress are all correct.

C. decreases salivation in times of stress.

The second stage of deglutition is A. voluntary. B. involuntary esophageal. C. involuntary pharyngeal. D. all of these.

C. involuntary pharyngeal.

The structure indicated A. joins directly to the cystic duct. B. joins directly to the common hepatic duct. C. joins with the common bile duct. D. empties into the cystic duct. E. empties into the common hepatic duct.

C. joins with the common bile duct.

Lipids are typically transported from the intestine into the bloodstream via A. capillaries. B. cell-to-cell transport. C. lacteals. D. all of these.

C. lacteals.

Which of the following accessory organs produces a fluid that functions to emulsify dietary fats? A. Teeth B. Salivary glands C.Liver D. Gallbladder E. Pharynx

C.Liver

Which of the following processes is the primary function of the villi of the small intestine? A. Ingestion B. Secretion C. Mixing and propulsion D. Absorption E. None of these choices

D. Absorption

Gastrin production is stimulated by all of the following except A. Stretch receptors. B. G cell stimulation. C. Increase in pH. D. All of these.

D. All of these.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach? A. Denatures proteins B. Kills bacteria C. Serves as a food reservoir D. Digestion of Carbohydrates

D. Digestion of Carbohydrates This happens in the small intestines

Which of the following accessory organs stores bile? A. Teeth B. Salivary glands C. Liver D. Gallbladder E. Pharynx

D. Gallbladder

Which of the following is involved in digestion? A. water B. bile C. bicarbonate D. all of these

D. all of these

Amylase converts starch into A.bmaltose. B. maltriose. C. alpha-dextrins. D. all of these.

D. all of these.

Gastric acids can A. break hydrogen bonds. B. alter protein shape. C. destroy most bacteria. D. all of these.

D. all of these.

Lipases can be found in A. the mouth. B. the stomach. C. the small intestines. D. all of these.

D. all of these.

Which of the following breaks down large peptides into smaller peptides? A. chymotrypsin. B. elastase. C. trypsin. D. all of these.

D. all of these.

Distention stimulates A. voluntary reflexes. B. long reflexes. C. local reflexes. D. both long and local reflexes.

D. both long and local reflexes.

The mesentery A. binds the transverse and sigmoid colon to the posterior abdominal wall. B. attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm. C. drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine. D. extends from the posterior wall to wrap around the small intestine. suspends the stomach and duodenum from the liver.

D. extends from the posterior wall to wrap around the small intestine. suspends the stomach and duodenum from the liver.

Which of the following is not a monosaccharide? A. galactose B. fructose C. glucose D. sucrose

D. sucrose

Deglutition describes A. formation of a bolus before swallowing. B. chewing of food. C. the teeth and associated structures. D. the act of swallowing. E. enzymatic digestion of food in the mouth.

D. the act of swallowing.

Which attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall? A. the greater omentum B. the lesser omentum C. mesentery D. the falciform ligament E. the mesocolon

D. the falciform ligament

Which structure is composed of prominent lymphatic nodules that function in the immune response? A. Mucosa B. Lamina propria C. MALT D. Submucosa E. Serosa

C. MALT

Which of the following can act on the terminal end of a peptide? A. Aminopeptidase B. Carboxypeptidase C. Aminopeptidase and Carboxypeptidase D. None of these

C. Aminopeptidase and Carboxypeptidase

Which of the following pancreatic enzymes acts on glycogen and starches? A. Chymotrypsin B. Amylase C. Trypsin D. Phosphatase E. Nucleosidase

B. Amylase

Which of the following is the principle bile pigment? A. Stercobilin B. Bilirubin C. Biliverdin D. Both Stercobilin and Bilirubin E. All of these choices

B. Bilirubin

Aminopeptidase breaks the bond between the terminal amino acids on the carboxy end of the peptide. A. True B. False

B. False

CCK release will increase gastric emptying. A. True B. False

B. False

Pepsinogen can catalyze the creation of more pepsin. A. True B. False

B. False

S-cells release secretin, which stimulates the lowering of the pH of the chyme entering the duodenum. A. True B. False

B. False

Swallowing is a completely voluntary reflex. A. True B. False

B. False

The digestive tract only utilizes smooth muscle. A. True B. False

B. False

Which of the following accessory organs produces a fluid to soften food? A. Teeth B. Salivary glands C. Liver D. Gallbladder E. Pharynx

B. Salivary glands

The parotid glands are found A. in the tongue. B. between the skin and the masseter muscle. C. in the floor of the mouth. D. beneath the tongue. E. in the palate.

B. between the skin and the masseter muscle.

Which of the following can be absorbed in the intestinal villi by facilitated diffusion? A. Glucose B. Sucrose C. Fructose D. Galactose

C. Fructose

In order from the small intestine to the anus, the major regions of the large intestine are A. ascending colon, sigmoid colon, transverse colon, descending colon, cecum, rectum, anal canal B. cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal C. ascending colon, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, descending colon, cecum, anal canal, rectum D. cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, anal canal, rectum E. ascending colon, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, descending colon, anal canal, cecum, rectum

B. cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal

The pharynx is part of both the ___ and the ___ organ systems. A. digestive and muscular B. digestive and respiratory C. respiratory and muscular D. digestive and endocrine E. digestive and skeletal

B. digestive and respiratory

Chylomicrons are released from epithelial cells in the intestines through A. endocytosis. B. exocytosis. C. phagocytosis. D.all of these.

B. exocytosis.

Bile is primarily involved in A. carbohydrate digestion. B. fat digestion. C. protein digestion. D. all of these.

B. fat digestion.

Bile is primarily involved in A. carbohydrate digestion. B. fat emulsification. C. protein digestion. D. all of these.

B. fat emulsification.

The enterogastric reflex A. is stimulated by the presence of chyme in the stomach. B. is stimulated by the presence of chyme in the duodenum. C. results in decreased contraction of the pyloric sphincter. D. increases gastric emptying. E. is the result of parasympathetic stimulation.

B. is stimulated by the presence of chyme in the duodenum.

Pepsinogen is converted into pepsin due to A. high pH B. low pH C. the presence of neutral chyme D. none of these

B. low pH

Pancreatic juice contains all of the following except A. chymotrypsin B. pepsin. C. carboxypeptidase. D. trypsin.

B. pepsin.

The enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine secrete A. lysozyme. B. secretin, CCK, and GIP. C. alkaline mucus. D. brush-border enzymes. E. chylomicrons.

B. secretin, CCK, and GIP.

Secretin stimulates all of the following except A. the release of bicarbonate. B. the release of protease enzymes. C. the inhibition of gastric acid secretion. D. none of these.

B. the release of protease enzymes.

Bile salts convert fats into A. large globules. B. tiny droplets. C. soluble molecules. D. none of these.

B. tiny droplets.

Which of the following enzymes is NOT matched correctly with its substrate? A. pancreatic amylase: starch B. trypsin: oligo- and disaccharides C. carboxypeptidase: proteins D. pancreatic lipase: triglycerides E. ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease: nucleic acids

B. trypsin: oligo- and disaccharides

When you swallow, which structures rise to close off the nasopharynx? A. soft palate and Hard palate B. uvula and soft palate C. tongue and uvula D. Hard palate and tongue E. uvula and Hard palate

B. uvula and soft palate

Which of the following pancreatic enzymes digests lipids? A. Trypsin B.Elastase C. Lipase D. Pepsin E. All of these choices

C. Lipase

The pharyngeal phase of swallowing A. begins when the tongue thrusts the bolus into the oral cavity. B. is voluntary. C. ends when the esophagus closes off the larynx. D. begins when the soft palate and uvula close off the nasopharynx. E. begins when the bolus enters the oropharynx.

E. begins when the bolus enters the oropharynx.