Chapter 26 ems

A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover _____ of his BSA. A. 18% B. 27% C. 36% D. 45%

A. 18%

The germinal layer of the epidermis contains pigment granules that are responsible for skin: A. Color B. Texture C. Moisture D. Temperature

A. Color

A construction worker fell approximately 30 feet and landed in a pile of steel rods. Your assessment reveals that he is pulseless and apneic and has a 10 inch steel rob impaled in his left leg. You should: A. Control the bleeding, begin CPR, stabilize the steel rod, immobilize his spine, and transport immediately B. Remove the steel rod, control the bleeding, apply an AED, begin CPR, and transport to a trauma center C. Stabilize the steel rod, control the bleeding, begin CPR, and rapidly transport to trauma center D. Control the bleeding, carefully remove the steel rod, begin CPR, and rapidly transport as soon as possible

A. Control the bleeding, begin CPR, stabilize the steel rod, immobilize his spine, and transport immediately

Functions of dressings and bandages include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. Immobilization of the injury B. Prevention of contamination C. Protection from further injury D. Control of external hemorrhage

A. Immobilization of the injury

All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, EXCEPT for the: A. Lips B. Nose C. Anus D. Mouth

A. Lips

A 30 old old male experienced a crushing injury when his forearm was trapped between the back of a truck and a loading dock. Upon your arrival the mans arm have been freed. Your assessment reveals that his arm is obviously deformed and swollen and is cold and pale. Further assessment reveals an absent radial pulse. You should be MOST concerned that this patient has: A. Internal hemorrhage B. Compartment syndrome C. A severe closed fracture D. Damage to the radial nerve

B. Compartment syndrome

What later of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body? A. Dermis B. Epidermis C. Muscular layer D. Subcutaneous layer

B. Epidermis

A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a: A. Full thickness burn B. Superficial burn C. Second degree burn D. Partial thickness burn

B. Superficial burn

Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct? A. A child's head is equal to 14% of his or her total BSA B. The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA C. The posterior of a child's leg is equal to 13.5% of the BSA D. The anterior arm in the adult is equal to 9% of the total BSA

B. The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA

A 5 year old female pulled a pot of boiling water from the stove. She has superficial and partial thickness burns to her head, face, and anterior trunk. What percentage of her body surface area has been burned? A. 18% B. 27% C. 30% D. 36%

C. 30%

A 17-year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation with a gang member. As your partner is applying oxygen, you perform a rapid secondary assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should: A. place a sterile dressing over the wound and apply direct pressure B. Control the bleeding from the wound and prepared to transport at once C. Apply and occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment D. Direct your partner to assist the patients ventilations with a BVM

C. Apply and occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment

During the normal wound healing process, bleeding may occur from even a minor injury because: A. There is a substantial decrease in the number of platelets in and around the wound, which increases the risk of bleeding B. Histamines released by the immune system constrict the blood vessels, which increases the pressure within them C. New capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries D. Bacteria and other microorganisms invade the wound site and damage the capillaries, which makes them more prone to bleeding

C. New capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries

A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should: A. Carefully probe the wound to determine if the bleeding is venous or arterial B. Carefully remove the avulsed flap and wrap it in a moist, sterile trauma dressing C. Replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing D. Thoroughly irrigate the wound with sterile water and cover it with sterile dressing

C. Replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing

You are assessing a 30 year old woman with multiple large bruises to her chest and abdomen that she experienced during an assault. She is conscious but restless, and her skin is cool and pale. You should be MOST concerned with: A. Performing a detailed secondary assessment to locate all of her injuries B. Assessing the bruises that underlie major organs in the chest and abdomen C. The fact that her clinical signs could indicate that she's bleeding internally D. Obtaining a complete set of vital signs to rule out the possibility of shock

C. The fact that her clinical signs could indicate that she's bleeding internally

When treating a partial-thickness burn, you should: A. Immerse the affected part in warm water B. Rupture any blisters to prevent an infection C. Cover the burn with a moist, sterile dressing D. Avoid the use of creams, lotions or antiseptics

D. Avoid the use of creams, lotions or antiseptics

A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, how you should care for his wound? A. Irrigate it with sterile water and cover it with dry dressing B. Cover the exposed bowel and keep his legs in a straight position C. Carefully replace the exposed bowels into the abdomen and transport D. Cover it with a moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing

D. Cover it with a moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing

A partial thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the: A. Epidermis B. Fatty layer C. Muscle fascia D. Dermal layer

D. Dermal layer

Which of the following is of LEAST importance when initially assessing the severity of a burn? A. Area burned B. Age of the patient C. Past medical history D. Known drug allergies

D. Known drug allergies

Which of the following statements regarding severe burns is correct? A. Severe burns involving the airway have a 100% mortality rate B. The majority of a severe burns involve full thickness burns only C. Patients with severe burns are especially prone to hyperthermia D. Severe burns are typically a combination of all degrees of burns

D. Severe burns are typically a combination of all degrees of burns

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a house fire where fire fighters have rescued a 50 year old male from his burning house. That patient has superficial and partial thickness burns to his face and chest. His nasal hairs are singed and he is coughing up sooty sputum. You should be MOST concerned with: A. Tearing him for hypothermia B. Preventing the risk of infection C. Estimating the extent of his burns D. The potential for airway swelling

D. The potential for airway swelling