chapter 26 module 4

Match the following condition with its causes: Metabolic acidosis.

Severe diarrhea; renal disease; untreated diabetes mellitus; starvation; excess alcohol ingestion

Match the following buffer system with its appropriate example: Bicarbonate buffer system.

Strong acid (HCl) buffered by weak base (NaHCO3)

Any arterial pH between __________ is considered physiological acidosis.

7.0 and 7.35

Match the following condition with its causes: Respiratory alkalosis.

Hyperventilation; brain tumor or injury

Match the following electrolyte with its appropriate description and location: Mg2+.

Least abundant positive electrolyte in extracellular fluid

Renal acid-base control mechanisms are coupled to __________.

Na+ transport

Match the acid-base regulatory mechanism/term with its characteristic or function: Bicarbonate ions.

Referred to as the alkaline reserve

Which of the following puts infants at increased risk for dehydration?

Their inefficient kidneys

Match the following condition with its causes: Metabolic alkalosis.

Vomiting; selected diuretics; ingestion of excessive amount of sodium bicarbonate; constipation; excess aldosterone

One way the kidneys maintain HCO3- balance is by __________.

generating new HCO3-

Infants are more likely to experience problems regulating acid-base balance because of several factors, including __________.

inefficiency of infant kidneys

Water lost through expired air is referred to as __________.

insensible water loss

The only organ of the body that can remove excess fixed acids is the __________.

kidney

Pica occurs when there is a deficiency of __________ in the body.

minerals such as iron

Hyperventilation can lead to __________.

respiratory alkalosis