Chapter 26 Quiz

Which of the following does NOT accurately describe the Iran Crisis? The American hostages in Iran were released the day Carter left office. In 1979, a popular revolution overthrew the shah and Iran became an Islamic state. After Carter refused the deposed shah entry for medical treatment in the United States, his exiled internal security force invaded the U.S. Embassy in Teheran and took American hostages. The Iranian Revolution signaled that opposition movements in Middle Eastern countries were shifting to religious fundamentalist ideologies. The crisis made Carter look inept and helpless.

After Carter refused the deposed shah entry for medical treatment in the United States, his exiled internal security force invaded the U.S. Embassy in Teheran and took American hostages.

Which of the following best describes Nixon's foreign policy of "détente"? It meant a rejection of Henry Kissinger's "realist" approach to the Cold War. As demonstrated by diplomatic visits to both China and the Soviet Union, Nixon sought a peaceful coexistence with communist nations. The United States was not yet willing to sign arms-control treaties with the Soviet Union. It meant a continuation of the status quo. It meant Nixon had gone "soft" on communism.

As demonstrated by diplomatic visits to both China and the Soviet Union, Nixon sought a peaceful coexistence with communist nations.

The "Just Say No" campaign launched by the Reagan administration to combat drug use in the United States was a stunning success. False True

False

The election of 1988 between George Bush and Michael Dukakis was surprisingly clean and sophisticated. False True

False

In 1975, the Vietnam War ended: as the only war lost by the United States. leaving many Americans optimistic. as a military, political, and social victory for the United States. leaving very few Vietnamese casualties. as a result of the U.S. invasion of Cambodia.

as the only war lost by the United States.

The Moral Majority: favored decreasing military spending. feared family values were being undermined. focused on taxes and the federal debt. favored abortion rights. wanted divorces to be easier to obtain.

feared family values were being undermined.

Affirmative action was: first pursued and then abandoned by the Nixon administration. never a priority during the Nixon administration. implemented only in Philadelphia. mandated by law only for construction workers. found unconstitutional during the Nixon administration.

first pursued and then abandoned by the Nixon administration.

In 1976, Jimmy Carter won the presidential race in part because he: promised a return to American isolationism. promised never to lie to Americans. was well connected within the Washington political scene. did not support affirmative action. pledged to pardon Richard Nixon.

promised never to lie to Americans.

Nixon's Family Assistance Plan: was seen as too radical by liberals. won approval by Congress. replaced Aid to Families with Dependent Children. was seen as inadequate by conservatives. proposed to guarantee a minimum income for all Americans.

proposed to guarantee a minimum income for all Americans.

In order to protect U.S. interests, the Carter Doctrine declared that the United States would: use military force, particularly in the Western Hemisphere. never intervene in the affairs of another nation. use military force, particularly in Southeast Asia. use nuclear weapons only if attacked first. use military force, particularly in the Persian Gulf.

use military force, particularly in the Persian Gulf.

Which of the following assessments of the Carter administration in 1980 is accurate? Carter's approval ratings in 1980 had fallen lower than Nixon's at the time of his resignation. Only Carter's defeat in the 1980 election saved him from almost certain impeachment by a heavily Republican Congress. Prior to Reagan's announcement that he was going to run for president, few Americans would have doubted Carter's reelection. Carter's bold boycott of the Moscow Olympics in protest over the invasion of Afghanistan dramatically improved his chances at reelection. Without his masterful resolution to the Iranian hostage crisis, Carter's reelection would have been doubtful.

Carter's approval ratings in 1980 had fallen lower than Nixon's at the time of his resignation.

What was Reagan's reaction to the air traffic controllers' strike? He convinced those on strike to come back to the bargaining table and renegotiate their contracts. He fired all of the air traffic controllers on strike. He had the Justice Department sue PATCO, the air traffic controllers' union. He ordered permanent military jurisdiction for the nation's air traffic control system. He ordered the National Guard to take control.

He fired all of the air traffic controllers on strike.

How did the experience of the 1960s shape America's neoconservatives? The expense of the space race convinced them that they had to give up fighting the Cold War. The prosperity under the stewardship of liberal Democrats convinced them that New Deal economics were the path for the future. Neoconservatives came to believe that even the best-intentioned social programs did more harm than good. The U.S. experience in the Vietnam War taught neoconservatives to wage wars with all available resources. Their own exposure to drugs, sex, and rock-and-roll made them more likely to be libertarians at heart.

Neoconservatives came to believe that even the best-intentioned social programs did more harm than good.

In response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, President Carter pursued all of the following policies EXCEPT: funneling aid to fundamentalist Muslims in Afghanistan who fought a guerilla war against the Soviets. dramatically increased American military spending. placing an embargo on grain exports to the Soviet Union. boycotting the Moscow Olympics. breaking off diplomatic relations with Pakistan.

breaking off diplomatic relations with Pakistan.

The "Second Gilded Age": was a Mondale-Ferraro 1984 campaign slogan slamming Reagan's coddling of the rich. could describe the 1980s, a decade where organized labor made substantial gains as it had in the 1890s. could describe the 1980s, a decade where making deals was more profitable for companies than making products. was the title of a 1980s documentary about "yuppies" who sold out to the financial establishment. ended with a federal budget surplus.

could describe the 1980s, a decade where making deals was more profitable for companies than making products.

The Reagan Revolution: included an emphasis on global human rights. had little appeal for most Americans. strengthened the labor movement. introduced an expanded welfare state. included cuts to government programs.

included cuts to government programs.

Why did the gay and lesbian movement become a major concern for members of the political right after the late 1960s? They feared that the gay and lesbian movement might push for higher taxes on the wealthy. They suspected that many among their ranks were gay and lesbian themselves. They understood that the popular gay movement could convert hundreds and thousands of impressionable youth. Thousands of new civil rights movements encouraged gays and lesbians to "come out." They feared that gays and lesbians might push for an end to the "don't ask, don't tell" policy.

Thousands of new civil rights movements encouraged gays and lesbians to "come out."

In 1979, President Carter brought together the leaders of Israel and Egypt and brokered a historic peace agreement known as the Camp David Accords. True False

True

The morale in the army during the later years of the Vietnam conflict mirrored the social changes sweeping America at home. False True

True