Chapter 28 - long

The German who pursued the policy of Ostpolitik and who received the Nobel Peace Prize for his "opening toward the east" was

Willy Brandt

Terrorism is often motivated by all of the following except

a desire to invoke political, social, and religious pluralism.

The event that eventually led to the resignation of Charles de Gaulle as president of France was

a general *strike by labor unions* and a series of *student riots.*

In 1990, riots broke out in Great Britain because of

a proposal by the Thatcher government to institute a poll tax to be paid by all adults.

As a result of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal, all of the following became part of a new pattern of American development except

a wholehearted commitment to all aspects of the communist welfare state.

To distance itself from its memories of the Hitler era,

after World War II the capital of Germany was moved from Berlin to Bonn.

The European Community was primarily

an economic union.

Major developments in Latin America since 1955 have included

an increase in the number of democratic regimes in the 1980s and 1990s.

(Under Stephen Harper) Financial corruption in Crétien's party brought

another Conservative government.

Traditional occupations such as merchants and professionals were

augmented by technology and white collar management.

Batista lost support after a

brutal attack on Castro's movement and fled Cuba.

New technologies in Europe-

computers, television, jet airplanes, contraceptive devices and advanced surgical procedures altered the pace and nature of human life.

The economic boom after World War 2 fueled...

confidence in the American way of life (shortage consumer goods left of America with a surplus income and desire to purchase goods)

Lester Pearson

created a welfare state with national social security system and national health insurance plan.

The substitution of traditional imports by increasing domestic industrial production in Latin America began to fail in the 1960s because

domestic markets were too small and countries were unable to find enough foreign buyers.

Socially, intellectually, and culturally, Western Europe changed

during the *second half* of the twentieth century.

~Carlos Saul Menem in Argentina:

elected in 1989 with *peaceful transfer of power.*

The new prime minister of Great Britain immediately after World War II, Clement Atlee,

established the welfare state in Britain.

In the twentieth century, Western women have

experienced a dramatic change in status.

After 1946, higher education in Western Europe

experienced an influx of students from the middle and lower classes.

Demonstrations occurred on university campuses during the 1960s for all of the following reasons except

grade inflation.

Canada

has many citizens who believe the United States has excessive influence in Canadian politics and over the Canadian economy.

Problems facing the states of Eastern Europe after the fall of the Communist governments in the revolutions of 1989 included

how to introduce a *market economy and democratic practices.*

The policy known as Ostpolitik

increased cultural, personal, and economic relations between West and East Germany.

France was similar to Germany in that resentment against foreigners, particularly Muslims from North Africa,

led to an *anti-immigrant movement* headed by *Jean-Marie* Le Pen and his National Front.

One of the results of the economic recovery of Europe after World War II was

mass consumerism

The reunification Germany after 1989 was complicated by the appearance of

neo-Nazi attitudes, often directed against foreign workers.

Great Britain was

not an original member of the *European Coal and Steel Community* when it was formed in 1951.

Fidel Castro led the

opposition movement along with *Ernesto Che Guevara.*

The economic aid of the Marshall Plan allowed Western European countries to

recover rapidly

~Raul Alfonsin in Argentina:

reestablished democratic practices.

Thatcherism

restricted union power.

~During the 1950s and 1960s, Mexico's...

ruling party (the Industrial Revolutionary Party) focused on a *balanced industrial program*

~1980s in Europe-

saw the *gradual emergence of the postmodern age.*

During Cold War,

the *U.S. grew anxious about communism* in *Central America and the Caribbean.*

By 1992,

the European Community transacted *one-quarter of the world's commerce*.

The so-called sexual revolution of the 1960s was most affected by

the birth control pill

The so-called "Americanization of the world" has resulted from all of the following influences except

the bleak world-view of absurdist drama and literature.

In the 1990s Treaty of Maastricht,

the nations of the European Community created an *economic and monetary union, soon to be called the European Union.*

All of the following are correct about the consumer society except

the number of blue collar workers increased after the 1960s.

In 1945, the important advantage that the nations of Western and Central Europe had was

the support and assistance of the United States.

Existentialists believed that

the world was absurd and without meaning.

By the end of the twentieth century, in Europe

there are *almost as many women in the workplace as men*.

The implementation of the welfare state led Britain to

to *reduce its overseas expenses* by *dismantling its empire* and *reducing foreign aid.*

Bush lost popular vote to

to Al Gore, won the electoral vote after a highly controversial victory in the state of Florida.

One of Charles de Gaulle's initiatives was to have France

withdraw from NATO

Germany's "economic miracle" included:

~*unemployment dropped to 0.4* percent by 1965. ~hundreds of thousands of *"guest workers" were imported* in order to maintain its *economic expansion.* ~*real wages doubled* between 1950 and 1965. ~by 1955 the *gross national product exceeded* that of prewar Germany.

X !!!!!!!! 1994, the European Community became the European Union (EU):

~An *economic and monetary union.* ~*Common currency* - the euro. ~Established a *common agricultural policy.* ~Ended *national passports.*

The government under Peron's rule...

~Bought the *railways* ~Took over the *banking, insurance, shipping, and increased industrialization* ~Assumed *regulation of imports and exports*

~Americans succeeded in gaining control of a large portion of Latin America;s export industries, such as:

~Copper in Chile and Peru ~Oil in Bolivia and Mexico

In May 2004, the European Union took the plunge and added ten new members:

~Cyprus ~Czech Republic ~Estonia ~Hungary ~Latvia ~Lithuania ~Malta ~Poland ~Slovakia ~Slovenia

~Pursuit of industrial development in Canada included:

~Electronic ~Aircraft ~Nuclear ~Chemical engineering industries

The green partied included:

~Germany ~Sweden ~Austria ~Switzerland

Jimmy Carter: (Faced 2 intense problems)

~High inflation and a decline in average weekly earnings were causing a perceptible drop in American living standards ~Crisis abroad when 53 Americans were hostage of Ayatollah, staying there for 15 months

Marin Luther King:

~Leader of a growing movement for racial equality ~Led March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom ~Congress enacted the Civil Rights Act of 1964, created machinery to end segregation and discrimination

Reversing decades of change, Reagan cut back on welfare state by decreasing:

~Spending on food stamps ~School lunch programs ~Job programs

~!!!! The causes of Great Britain's economic decline after World War II included:

~excessive *demands by labor unions.* ~unwillingness to *invest in modern industrial technology*. ~losses of *revenue from abroad.* ~too much *debt* due to numerous *international commitments.*

Student radicals in the late 1960s were critical of all of the following:

~the *Vietnam War.* ~the *impersonal nature* of modern society. ~the *lack of relevancy in their education* endeavors. ~excessive *Western materialism.*

*** The welfare state in Great Britain included:

~the National *Health Service Act.* ~the nationalization of the *Bank of England.* ~the National *Insurance Act.* ~the nationalization of *public transportation and public utilities.*

X In Europe,

*abortion and contraception* have been widely and *legally available all over Europe for several decades.*

(Postwar Western countries) By the late 1960s came renewed interest in

*feminism*, or the women's liberation movement

Margaret Thatcher's "Thatcherism"

*limited social welfare* and *broke the power of the unions*

Great Depression in Latin America led to

*political instability* that brought on *military coups and militaristic regimes.*

Since 1934, Cuba ruled by dictator, Fulgencio Batista,

, who had close *economic ties to American investors*

The EU population had:

455 million people

Marshal Tito managed

6 republics and 2 autonomous provinces as Yugoslavia

Without private capital from trade, governments invested in new industries:

: steel in Chile and Brazil and oil in Argentina and Mexico

Nixon's Watergate Scandal:

A botched attempt to plant listening devices in the Democratic National Headquarters and the ensuing coverup

U.S. and NATO attack on Taliban-controlled centers and al-Qaeda hiding places in

Afghanistan

The crisis in 1958 that brought the final end of France's Fourth Republic occurred in

Algerian

John F. Kennedy:

Became the youngest elected president in the history of the U.S. and the first one born in the 20th century

The term "ethnic cleansing" is associated with the tragedy in which occurred in

Bosnia, during the breakup of Yugoslavia.

The political parties which played the important role in the economic recovery of Italy and Germany were the

Christian Democrats

The British Prime Minister whose government instituted Britain's welfare state was

Clement Atlee

George H.W. Bush:

Dealt with the deficit problem, coupled with economic downturn

Richard Nixon:

Ended U.S. involvement in Vietnam by bring the soldiers home

After World War II,

European university students experienced *uncaring professors* and *authoritarian administrators.*

The leader of the successful revolution in Cuba in December, 1958 was

Fidel Castro.

Abstract Expressionism:

Founded in New York, energetic and spontaneous

To reduce Europe's "hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos" was the message of

George Marshall

Lydon B. Johnson:

Had programs that included *health care for the elderly*, and the *War of Poverty*, fought with *food stamps and Job Corps*

~Poststructuralism or Deconstruction:

Holds that culture is created and can therefore be analyzed in a variety of ways, according to how people create their own meaning (Formulated by Jacques Derrida)

Which of the following statements is not a true depiction of Mexican development in recent decades?

In 1996, Mexican peasants received net incomes equal to those of wealthy American farmers.

Which statement about permissiveness in Western society is accurate?

Increased drug consumption became a part of modern permissiveness for many

Existentialism:

Literature that caught a sense of the world's meaninglessness (Albert Camus and Jean-Paul Sartre)

Fundamentalism:

Maintain a strict traditional interpretation of the Bible and the Christian faith (originally from Protestants)

Eva Peron:

Organized women's groups to support the government

~Néstor Kirchner in Argentina:

Problems of *foreign debt and inflation* with some economic growth.

Post-modernism:

Rejects the modern Western belief in an objective truth and instead focuses on relative nature of reality and knowledge

All of the following occurred between 1945 and 1960 except

Richard Nixon ended the war in Vietnam.

~Juan Peron:

Rose to prominence as a member of the military regime that had seized power in Argentina in 1943

Simone de Beauvoir wrote

The Second Sex

At the beginning of the 21st century, the EU established a new goal:

To incorporate into the union the states of eastern and southern Europe

The European country whose application to join the European Union was controversial because of its human rights record and its large Muslim population is

Turkey

By the 1960s, Latin America still economically dependent on

U.S. Europe and now Japan.