Chapter 28 - Study Module

Which of these groups includes species that produce a substance that is toxic to humans?

Dinoflagellates.

What is one way in which a cellular slime mold differs from a plasmodial slime mold?

A cellular slime mold is multicellular.

Which example below is a characteristic shared by diplomonads and parabasalids?

Both lack plastids.

Which of the following is not a protist genera that parasitizes humans?

Chlamydomonas.

Which of these groups includes photosynthetic unicellular organisms with flagella and contractile vacuoles?

Euglenids.

Protists are best described as which of the following?

Eukaryotes that are not plants, animals or fungi.

Why have protists been "mixed in" with plants, animals, and fungi under the hypothesis that groups eukaryotes into five supergroups?

Many protists are more closely related to plants, animals, or fungi than they are to each other and recent evidence makes it clear that the former kingdom Protista was paraphyletic.

Which of the following is the best description of protists' contribution to photosynthesis?

About 30% of the world's photosynthesis is performed by protists.

Which of these groups includes parasitic unicellular organisms with a complex of organelles specialized for penetrating host cells and tissues?

Apicomplexans.

Which protist group is thought to be most closely related to animals?

Choanoflagellates.

Which of these groups is characterised by cells that have more than one nucleus?

Ciliates.

Which of the following is a group included in the protists?

Diatoms, Brown Algae, Forams, Ciliates.

Which of these groups includes unicellular organisms that, due to the structure of their cell walls, can withstand pressures equal to the pressure under each leg of a table supporting an elephant?

Diatoms.

Which organisms are capable of producing a "red tide"?

Dinoflagellates

Parasites of the genus Trypanosoma evade immune responses through what defense?

Frequently changing their surface proteins.

Which of the following is one of the main weaknesses of the proposed classification scheme in which all eukaryotes are divided into five supergroups?

It shows all five supergroups diverging simultaneously from a common ancestor.

Which protists were once categorized as fungi due to their multinucleate filaments that resemble hyphae?

Oomycetes

__________ is a protist that causes late blight of potatoes and was responsible for the Irish potato famine of the 19th century.

Phytophthora infestans.

Which of the following is a structure used for locomotion in protists?

Pseudopodia, Cilia, Flagella, Undulating membrane.

Which of the following does not take place during the process of conjugation?

Reproduction.

Which of the following is not a cellular organelle possessed by a protist?

Sporozoite.

The holdfast of brown algae functions in __________.

anchoring the algae.

Green algae are divided into two main groups, the charophytes and the __________.

chlorophytes.

The term mixotroph indicates that a protist __________.

combines photosynthesis and heterotrophic nutrition.

Molecular data suggest that plastids originated as __________ engulfed by a heterotrophic eukaryote.

cyanobacteria

Although controversial, chromalveolates are proposed as a clade whose common ancestor __________.

engulfed a photosynthetic red alga in a secondary endosymbiosis event.

Organisms are classified as Excavata based on __________.

morphological studies of the cytoskeleton.

The term algae refers to __________.

several diverse groups of photosynthetic protists.

Apicomplexans are currently assigned to the chromalveolates because __________.

the apicoplast, a modified plastid, appears to be of red algal origin.