Chapter 29 Bio

A cell that does not circulate in blood, but instead settles in tissues near the skin and in the digestive tract, producing and releasing histamine when tissue is damaged, is a A) basophil. B) mast cell. C) macrophage. D) T cell. E) virus.

Mast cell

Immunological memory results from the production of A) both B and T memory cells. B) B memory cells only. C) mast memory cells only. D) both mast and B memory cells. E) T memory cells only.

both B and T memory cells

An exaggerated attack on a harmless antigen by an overly sensitive immune system is termed a(n) A) autoimmune disease. B) primary immune response. C) allergy. D) secondary immune response. E) innate defense stimulator.

Allergy

A phagocyte is a A) cell that produces white blood cells. B) cell that transports oxygen to tissues. C) cell that primarily is used to produce antibodies. D) cell that engulfs other cells and debris. E) cell that produces platelets.

Cell that engulfs other cells and debris

In a process called ________, an army of plasma cells and memory cells are produced from properly stimulated B cells. A) meiotic regeneration B) conjugation C) recombination D) clonal selection E) artificial selection

Clonal Selection

White blood cells are produced A) from chondrocytes. B) from platelets. C) from plasma proteins. D) by mitotic division of other white blood cells. E) from bone marrow stem cells.

From bone marrow stem cells

The substance that when activated triggers a chain reaction that punctures bacterial cell membranes is A) epinephrine. B) histamine. C) interleukin. D) complement protein. E) plasma.

Complement protein

The primary function of a vaccine is to A) give a person a mild disease. B) create immunological memory without causing disease. C) introduce synthetic drugs into a person. D) introduce antibodies into a person. E) stimulate the production of blood platelets.

Create immunological memory without causing disease

The "master cells" of the immune system that initiate and coordinate the adaptive immune response are A) cytotoxic T cells. B) B cells. C) helper T cells. D) mast cells. E) basophils.

Helper T cells

You would know that a viral infection is ongoing in a body if you detect high levels of A) complement protein. B) histamine. C) interferon. D) epinephrine. E) interleukin.

Interferon

B cells or T cells are A) vaccines. B) basophils. C) invaders. D) lymphocytes. E) allergies.

Lymphocytes

A primary "antigen presenting cell," a cell that presents an antigen to a helper T cell, is a A) chondrocyte. B) macrophage. C) B cell. D) plasma cell. E) T cell.

Macrophage

Special cells produced by the immune system that are progeny of properly stimulated B cells and are antibody-producing factories are A) plasma cells. B) macrophages. C) cytotoxic T cells. D) helper T cells. E) All answers are correct.

Plasma Cells

Physical and chemical barriers that form the first line of innate defense include A) mucus and cilia of the respiratory tract. B) tear fluid from the eye. C) an un-punctured skin. D) the acidity of the stomach. E) All answers are correct.

All of the above

Which is a reason why fever is considered a defense mechanism? A) Fever inactivates (kills) some viruses. B) Fever speeds up the rate of phagocytosis. C) Fever kills some bacteria. D) Fever reduces the iron level in the blood, thereby retarding the growth of some bacteria. E) All answers are correct.

All of the above

Which is correct about primary and secondary immune responses? A) Both respond to foreign antigens. B) The primary immune response occurs first. C) The primary immune response is smaller. D) Both are responses of adaptive immunity. E) All answers are correct.

All of the above

Which is an example of active immunity? A) antibodies produced from a vaccine, or a person receiving an injection of antibodies B) a fetus acquiring antibodies through the placenta, or a person receiving an injection of antibodies C) a person receiving an injection of antibodies, antibodies produced when the flu strikes D) antibodies produced from a vaccine, antibodies produced when the flu strikes E) a fetus acquiring antibodies through the placenta, antibodies produced when the flu strikes

Antibodies produced from a vaccine, antibodies produced when the flu strikes

A Y-shaped protein that is produced in response to a specific antigen and recognizes these antigens is a(n) A) complement protein. B) B cell. C) antibody. D) phagocyte. E) interferon.

Antibody

What is not part of the innate defense response? A) fever production B) the complement-protein system C) cilia that sweep bacteria out of the respiratory tract D) antibody production E) the process of inflammation

Antibody Production

Histamine triggers vasodilation and leakiness in blood vessels during inflammation. Why would this be beneficial in fighting an infection by a pathogen? A) increased migration of white blood cells to site of infection only B) both increased accessibility of the pathogen to the blood and number of white blood cells C) increased number of white blood cells only D) both increased number of white blood cells and their migration to site of infection E) increased accessibility of the pathogen to the blood only

Both increased number of white blood cells and their migration to site of infection