Chapter 29 Diseases

COPD

a progressive, complex disease with marked dyspnea, productive cough, frequent respiratory infections, barrel chest, respiratory failure

Pneumonia

acute infection causing coughing, sputum, chills, fever, pleural chest pain; impairs exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Influenza

acute, contagious disease with chills, fever, headache, muscular aches, non-productive cough

Respiratory distress syndrome

affects infants, causing respiratory distress, rapid and shallow breathing, retracted sternum, flared nostrils, grunting

Bronchitis

an infectious, acute, or chronically developed disease causing wheezing, dyspnea, productive cough

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

awaken from sleep with feeling of suffocation

Asthma

bronchospasms; an allergic reaction disorder causing wheezing, dyspnea, sputum production

Atelectasis

dyspnea due to collapse of the alveoli

Pulmonary embolism

dyspnea, chest pain, rapid heart, productive cough, low-grade fever; caused by blood vessel obstruction

pulmonary edema

fluid collection within lung tissue associated with heart disease, causes dyspnea, orthopnea, frothy bloody sputum

Tuberculosis

nodular lesions and patchy infiltration of lung tissue causing fatigue, weakness, lack of appetite, weight loss, night sweats

Epistaxis

nosebleed

SIDS

prolonged apnea in infants, irregular heart rate, severe lack of oxygen

Allergic Rhinitis

reaction to airborne allergens causing sneezing, profuse watery nasal discharge, and nasal congestion

Pleurisy

sharp, stabbing pain with lung respirations, some dyspnea, usually one-sided

Upper respiratory infection (URI)

sore throat, nasal congestion, headache, burning, watery eyes, fever, non-productive cough

Pneumothorax

sudden sharp pain, unequal chest wall expansion, may be chest wound; weak rapid pulse, dyspnea, lung collapse

Laryngectomy

surgical removal of the larynx

Emphysema

Inability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide, causing chronic cough, pursed-lips breathing, cyanosis, weight loss

Pneumonoconiosis

Environmental disease causing dyspnea, lack of oxygen, bronchial congestion

Histoplasmosis

Cold-like symptoms initially, progressing to involve liver, spleen, and lymph glands; productive cough, dyspnea, weakness

Legionnairres' Disease

Diarrhea, lack of appetite, headache, chills, fever that persists, weakness, grayish sputum

Pleural effusion

hypoxia due to the presence of excess fluid in the pleural space